SYCL: Use get_multi_ptr instead of deprecated get_pointer in wkv6 (#11087 )

* SYCL: Use get_multi_ptr instead of deprecated get_pointer in wkv6 * Revert "SYCL: Use get_multi_ptr instead of deprecated get_pointer in wkv6" This reverts commit f62dc45f31. * Reland: Use get_multi_ptr instead of deprecated get_pointer in wkv6
llama-run : fix context size (#11094 )
2025-01-07 14:26:07 +08:00 · 2025-01-06 23:45:28 +01:00 · 2025-01-06 17:52:35 +02:00 · 2025-01-06 16:34:49 +01:00 · 2025-01-06 15:36:08 +02:00 · 2025-01-06 13:41:12 +01:00
123 changed files with 13748 additions and 12120 deletions
@@ -65,12 +65,22 @@ body:
        If possible, please do a git bisect and identify the exact commit that introduced the bug.
    validations:
      required: false
+  - type: textarea
+    id: command
+    attributes:
+      label: Compile command
+      description: >
+        Please provide the exact command you used to compile llama.cpp. For example: `cmake -B ...`.
+        This will be automatically formatted into code, so no need for backticks.
+      render: shell
+    validations:
+      required: true
  - type: textarea
    id: logs
    attributes:
      label: Relevant log output
      description: >
-          Please copy and paste any relevant log output, including the command that you entered and any generated text.
+          Please copy and paste any relevant log output, including any generated text.
          This will be automatically formatted into code, so no need for backticks.
      render: shell
    validations:
@@ -52,6 +52,16 @@ body:
        - Other (Please specify in the next section)
    validations:
      required: false
+  - type: textarea
+    id: command
+    attributes:
+      label: Command line
+      description: >
+        Please provide the exact commands you entered, if applicable. For example: `llama-server -m ... -c ...`, `llama-cli -m ...`, etc.
+        This will be automatically formatted into code, so no need for backticks.
+      render: shell
+    validations:
+      required: false
  - type: textarea
    id: info
    attributes:
@@ -74,7 +84,7 @@ body:
    attributes:
      label: Relevant log output
      description: >
-          If applicable, please copy and paste any relevant log output, including the command that you entered and any generated text.
+          If applicable, please copy and paste any relevant log output, including any generated text.
          This will be automatically formatted into code, so no need for backticks.
      render: shell
    validations:
@@ -60,8 +60,7 @@ jobs:
            -DLLAMA_CURL=ON \
            -DGGML_METAL_USE_BF16=ON \
            -DGGML_METAL_EMBED_LIBRARY=ON \
-            -DGGML_RPC=ON \
-            -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=OFF
+            -DGGML_RPC=ON
          cmake --build . --config Release -j $(sysctl -n hw.logicalcpu)

      - name: Test
@@ -123,8 +122,7 @@ jobs:
            -DLLAMA_FATAL_WARNINGS=ON \
            -DLLAMA_CURL=ON \
            -DGGML_METAL=OFF \
-            -DGGML_RPC=ON \
-            -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=OFF
+            -DGGML_RPC=ON
          cmake --build build --config Release -j $(sysctl -n hw.logicalcpu)

      - name: Test
@@ -181,7 +179,7 @@ jobs:
        run: |
          mkdir build
          cd build
-          cmake .. -DLLAMA_FATAL_WARNINGS=ON -DLLAMA_CURL=ON -DGGML_RPC=ON -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=OFF
+          cmake .. -DLLAMA_FATAL_WARNINGS=ON -DLLAMA_CURL=ON -DGGML_RPC=ON
          cmake --build . --config Release -j $(nproc)

      - name: Test
@@ -651,23 +649,23 @@ jobs:
      matrix:
        include:
          - build: 'noavx-x64'
-            defines: '-DGGML_NATIVE=OFF -DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON -DGGML_RPC=ON -DGGML_AVX=OFF -DGGML_AVX2=OFF -DGGML_FMA=OFF -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON'
+            defines: '-DGGML_NATIVE=OFF -DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON -DGGML_RPC=ON -DGGML_AVX=OFF -DGGML_AVX2=OFF -DGGML_FMA=OFF'
          - build: 'avx2-x64'
-            defines: '-DGGML_NATIVE=OFF -DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON -DGGML_RPC=ON -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON'
+            defines: '-DGGML_NATIVE=OFF -DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON -DGGML_RPC=ON'
          - build: 'avx-x64'
-            defines: '-DGGML_NATIVE=OFF -DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON -DGGML_RPC=ON -DGGML_AVX2=OFF -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON'
+            defines: '-DGGML_NATIVE=OFF -DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON -DGGML_RPC=ON -DGGML_AVX2=OFF'
          - build: 'avx512-x64'
-            defines: '-DGGML_NATIVE=OFF -DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON -DGGML_RPC=ON -DGGML_AVX512=ON -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON'
+            defines: '-DGGML_NATIVE=OFF -DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON -DGGML_RPC=ON -DGGML_AVX512=ON'
          - build: 'openblas-x64'
-            defines: '-DGGML_NATIVE=OFF -DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON -DGGML_RPC=ON -DGGML_BLAS=ON -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON -DGGML_BLAS_VENDOR=OpenBLAS -DBLAS_INCLUDE_DIRS="$env:RUNNER_TEMP/openblas/include" -DBLAS_LIBRARIES="$env:RUNNER_TEMP/openblas/lib/openblas.lib"'
+            defines: '-DGGML_NATIVE=OFF -DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON -DGGML_RPC=ON -DGGML_BLAS=ON -DGGML_BLAS_VENDOR=OpenBLAS -DBLAS_INCLUDE_DIRS="$env:RUNNER_TEMP/openblas/include" -DBLAS_LIBRARIES="$env:RUNNER_TEMP/openblas/lib/openblas.lib"'
          - build: 'kompute-x64'
-            defines: '-DGGML_NATIVE=OFF -DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON -DGGML_RPC=ON -DGGML_KOMPUTE=ON -DKOMPUTE_OPT_DISABLE_VULKAN_VERSION_CHECK=ON -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON'
+            defines: '-DGGML_NATIVE=OFF -DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON -DGGML_RPC=ON -DGGML_KOMPUTE=ON -DKOMPUTE_OPT_DISABLE_VULKAN_VERSION_CHECK=ON'
          - build: 'vulkan-x64'
-            defines: '-DGGML_NATIVE=OFF -DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON -DGGML_RPC=ON -DGGML_VULKAN=ON -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON'
+            defines: '-DGGML_NATIVE=OFF -DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON -DGGML_RPC=ON -DGGML_VULKAN=ON'
          - build: 'llvm-arm64'
-            defines: '-G "Ninja Multi-Config" -D CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=cmake/arm64-windows-llvm.cmake -DGGML_NATIVE=OFF -DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON'
+            defines: '-G "Ninja Multi-Config" -D CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=cmake/arm64-windows-llvm.cmake -DGGML_NATIVE=OFF -DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON'
          - build: 'msvc-arm64'
-            defines: '-G "Ninja Multi-Config" -D CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=cmake/arm64-windows-msvc.cmake -DGGML_NATIVE=OFF -DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON'
+            defines: '-G "Ninja Multi-Config" -D CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=cmake/arm64-windows-msvc.cmake -DGGML_NATIVE=OFF -DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=O'
          - build: 'llvm-arm64-opencl-adreno'
            defines: '-G "Ninja Multi-Config" -D CMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=cmake/arm64-windows-llvm.cmake -DCMAKE_PREFIX_PATH="$env:RUNNER_TEMP/opencl-arm64-release" -DGGML_OPENCL=ON -DGGML_OPENCL_USE_ADRENO_KERNELS=ON'

@@ -914,7 +912,7 @@ jobs:
        shell: cmd
        run: |
          call "C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2019\Enterprise\VC\Auxiliary\Build\vcvars64.bat"
-          cmake -S . -B build -G "Ninja Multi-Config" -DGGML_NATIVE=OFF -DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON -DGGML_CUDA=ON -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON -DGGML_RPC=ON
+          cmake -S . -B build -G "Ninja Multi-Config" -DGGML_NATIVE=OFF -DLLAMA_BUILD_SERVER=ON -DGGML_CUDA=ON -DGGML_RPC=ON
          set /A NINJA_JOBS=%NUMBER_OF_PROCESSORS%-1
          cmake --build build --config Release -j %NINJA_JOBS% -t ggml
          cmake --build build --config Release
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 # collaborators can optionally add themselves here to indicate their availability for reviewing related PRs

 /ci/ @ggerganov
-/.devops/ @ngxson
+/.devops/*.Dockerfile @ngxson
 /examples/server/ @ngxson
@@ -201,6 +201,7 @@ Instructions for adding support for new models: [HOWTO-add-model.md](docs/develo
 - [Paddler](https://github.com/distantmagic/paddler) - Stateful load balancer custom-tailored for llama.cpp
 - [GPUStack](https://github.com/gpustack/gpustack) - Manage GPU clusters for running LLMs
 - [llama_cpp_canister](https://github.com/onicai/llama_cpp_canister) - llama.cpp as a smart contract on the Internet Computer, using WebAssembly
+- [llama-swap](https://github.com/mostlygeek/llama-swap) - transparent proxy that adds automatic model switching with llama-server

 </details>

@@ -1512,7 +1512,7 @@ common_params_context common_params_parser_init(common_params & params, llama_ex
        {"--lora"}, "FNAME",
        "path to LoRA adapter (can be repeated to use multiple adapters)",
        [](common_params & params, const std::string & value) {
-            params.lora_adapters.push_back({ std::string(value), 1.0 });
+            params.lora_adapters.push_back({ std::string(value), 1.0, nullptr });
        }
        // we define this arg on both COMMON and EXPORT_LORA, so when showing help message of export-lora, it will be categorized as "example-specific" arg
    ).set_examples({LLAMA_EXAMPLE_COMMON, LLAMA_EXAMPLE_EXPORT_LORA}));
@@ -1520,7 +1520,7 @@ common_params_context common_params_parser_init(common_params & params, llama_ex
        {"--lora-scaled"}, "FNAME", "SCALE",
        "path to LoRA adapter with user defined scaling (can be repeated to use multiple adapters)",
        [](common_params & params, const std::string & fname, const std::string & scale) {
-            params.lora_adapters.push_back({ fname, std::stof(scale) });
+            params.lora_adapters.push_back({ fname, std::stof(scale), nullptr });
        }
        // we define this arg on both COMMON and EXPORT_LORA, so when showing help message of export-lora, it will be categorized as "example-specific" arg
    ).set_examples({LLAMA_EXAMPLE_COMMON, LLAMA_EXAMPLE_EXPORT_LORA}));
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 #include <cstdarg>
 #include <cstring>
 #include <ctime>
+#include <filesystem>
 #include <fstream>
 #include <iostream>
 #include <iterator>
@@ -62,7 +63,9 @@
 #ifdef __linux__
 #include <linux/limits.h>
 #elif defined(_WIN32)
-#define PATH_MAX MAX_PATH
+#   if !defined(PATH_MAX)
+#   define PATH_MAX MAX_PATH
+#   endif
 #else
 #include <sys/syslimits.h>
 #endif
@@ -843,7 +846,7 @@ struct common_init_result common_init_from_params(common_params & params) {
    } else if (!params.model_url.empty()) {
        model = common_load_model_from_url(params.model_url, params.model, params.hf_token, mparams);
    } else {
-        model = llama_load_model_from_file(params.model.c_str(), mparams);
+        model = llama_model_load_from_file(params.model.c_str(), mparams);
    }

    if (model == NULL) {
@@ -870,7 +873,7 @@ struct common_init_result common_init_from_params(common_params & params) {
        }

        if (!ok) {
-            llama_free_model(model);
+            llama_model_free(model);

            return iparams;
        }
@@ -881,14 +884,13 @@ struct common_init_result common_init_from_params(common_params & params) {
    llama_context * lctx = llama_new_context_with_model(model, cparams);
    if (lctx == NULL) {
        LOG_ERR("%s: failed to create context with model '%s'\n", __func__, params.model.c_str());
-        llama_free_model(model);
+        llama_model_free(model);
        return iparams;
    }

    if (params.ctx_shift && !llama_kv_cache_can_shift(lctx)) {
-        LOG_ERR("%s: KV cache shifting is not supported for this model (--no-context-shift to disable)'\n", __func__);
-        llama_free_model(model);
-        return iparams;
+        LOG_WRN("%s: KV cache shifting is not supported for this model, disabling KV cache shifting\n", __func__);
+        params.ctx_shift = false;
    }

    if (!params.control_vectors.empty()) {
@@ -898,7 +900,7 @@ struct common_init_result common_init_from_params(common_params & params) {
        const auto cvec = common_control_vector_load(params.control_vectors);
        if (cvec.n_embd == -1) {
            llama_free(lctx);
-            llama_free_model(model);
+            llama_model_free(model);

            return iparams;
        }
@@ -911,7 +913,7 @@ struct common_init_result common_init_from_params(common_params & params) {
                                             params.control_vector_layer_end);
        if (err) {
            llama_free(lctx);
-            llama_free_model(model);
+            llama_model_free(model);

            return iparams;
        }
@@ -919,20 +921,21 @@ struct common_init_result common_init_from_params(common_params & params) {

    // load and optionally apply lora adapters
    for (auto & la : params.lora_adapters) {
-        common_lora_adapter_container loaded_la;
-        loaded_la.path = la.path;
-        loaded_la.scale = la.scale;
-        loaded_la.adapter = llama_lora_adapter_init(model, la.path.c_str());
-        if (loaded_la.adapter == nullptr) {
+        llama_lora_adapter_ptr lora;
+        lora.reset(llama_lora_adapter_init(model, la.path.c_str()));
+        if (lora == nullptr) {
            LOG_ERR("%s: failed to apply lora adapter '%s'\n", __func__, la.path.c_str());
            llama_free(lctx);
-            llama_free_model(model);
+            llama_model_free(model);
            return iparams;
        }
-        iparams.lora_adapters.push_back(loaded_la); // copy to list of loaded adapters
+
+        la.ptr = lora.get();
+        iparams.lora.emplace_back(std::move(lora)); // copy to list of loaded adapters
    }
+
    if (!params.lora_init_without_apply) {
-        common_lora_adapters_apply(lctx, iparams.lora_adapters);
+        common_lora_adapters_apply(lctx, params.lora_adapters);
    }

    if (params.sampling.ignore_eos && llama_token_eos(model) == LLAMA_TOKEN_NULL) {
@@ -979,7 +982,7 @@ struct common_init_result common_init_from_params(common_params & params) {
        if (llama_model_has_encoder(model)) {
            llama_encode(lctx, llama_batch_get_one(tmp.data(), tmp.size()));
            llama_token decoder_start_token_id = llama_model_decoder_start_token(model);
-            if (decoder_start_token_id == -1) {
+            if (decoder_start_token_id == LLAMA_TOKEN_NULL) {
                decoder_start_token_id = bos;
            }
            tmp.clear();
@@ -993,17 +996,17 @@ struct common_init_result common_init_from_params(common_params & params) {
        llama_perf_context_reset(lctx);
    }

-    iparams.model   = model;
-    iparams.context = lctx;
+    iparams.model.reset(model);
+    iparams.context.reset(lctx);

    return iparams;
 }

-void common_lora_adapters_apply(struct llama_context * ctx, std::vector<common_lora_adapter_container> & lora_adapters) {
+void common_lora_adapters_apply(struct llama_context * ctx, std::vector<common_lora_adapter_info> & lora) {
    llama_lora_adapter_clear(ctx);
-    for (auto & la : lora_adapters) {
+    for (auto & la : lora) {
        if (la.scale != 0.0f) {
-            llama_lora_adapter_set(ctx, la.adapter, la.scale);
+            llama_lora_adapter_set(ctx, la.ptr, la.scale);
        }
    }
 }
@@ -1148,8 +1151,7 @@ static bool common_download_file(const std::string & url, const std::string & pa
 #endif

    // Check if the file already exists locally
-    struct stat model_file_info;
-    auto file_exists = (stat(path.c_str(), &model_file_info) == 0);
+    auto file_exists = std::filesystem::exists(path);

    // If the file exists, check its JSON metadata companion file.
    std::string metadata_path = path + ".json";
@@ -1409,7 +1411,7 @@ struct llama_model * common_load_model_from_url(
        }
    }

-    return llama_load_model_from_file(local_path.c_str(), params);
+    return llama_model_load_from_file(local_path.c_str(), params);
 }

 struct llama_model * common_load_model_from_hf(
@@ -1612,6 +1614,18 @@ std::string common_detokenize(llama_context * ctx, const std::vector<llama_token
 // Chat template utils
 //

+std::string common_get_builtin_chat_template(const struct llama_model * model) {
+    static const char * template_key = "tokenizer.chat_template";
+    // call with NULL buffer to get the total size of the string
+    int32_t res = llama_model_meta_val_str(model, template_key, NULL, 0);
+    if (res > 0) {
+        std::vector<char> model_template(res + 1, 0);
+        llama_model_meta_val_str(model, template_key, model_template.data(), model_template.size());
+        return std::string(model_template.data(), model_template.size() - 1);
+    }
+    return "";
+}
+
 bool common_chat_verify_template(const std::string & tmpl) {
    llama_chat_message chat[] = {{"user", "test"}};
    int res = llama_chat_apply_template(nullptr, tmpl.c_str(), chat, 1, true, nullptr, 0);
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@

 #pragma once

-#include "llama.h"
+#include "llama-cpp.h"

 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
@@ -27,10 +27,8 @@
 struct common_lora_adapter_info {
    std::string path;
    float scale;
-};

-struct common_lora_adapter_container : common_lora_adapter_info {
-    struct llama_lora_adapter * adapter;
+    struct llama_lora_adapter * ptr;
 };

 using llama_tokens = std::vector<llama_token>;
@@ -478,10 +476,12 @@ std::string fs_get_cache_file(const std::string & filename);
 // Model utils
 //

+// note: defines object's lifetime
 struct common_init_result {
-    struct llama_model   * model   = nullptr;
-    struct llama_context * context = nullptr;
-    std::vector<common_lora_adapter_container> lora_adapters;
+    llama_model_ptr   model;
+    llama_context_ptr context;
+
+    std::vector<llama_lora_adapter_ptr> lora;
 };

 struct common_init_result     common_init_from_params(common_params & params);
@@ -503,7 +503,7 @@ struct llama_model * common_load_model_from_hf(
    const struct llama_model_params & params);

 // clear LoRA adapters from context, then apply new list of adapters
-void common_lora_adapters_apply(struct llama_context * ctx, std::vector<common_lora_adapter_container> & lora_adapters);
+void common_lora_adapters_apply(struct llama_context * ctx, std::vector<common_lora_adapter_info> & lora);

 //
 // Batch utils
@@ -571,6 +571,9 @@ struct common_chat_msg {
    std::string content;
 };

+// Get the built-in chat template for the model. Return empty string if not present.
+std::string common_get_builtin_chat_template(const struct llama_model * model);
+
 // Check if the template supplied via "--chat-template" is supported or not. Returns true if it's valid
 bool common_chat_verify_template(const std::string & tmpl);

@@ -637,6 +640,10 @@ common_control_vector_data common_control_vector_load(const std::vector<common_c
 // Split utils
 //

-static const char * const LLM_KV_SPLIT_NO            = "split.no";
-static const char * const LLM_KV_SPLIT_COUNT         = "split.count";
-static const char * const LLM_KV_SPLIT_TENSORS_COUNT = "split.tensors.count";
+namespace {
+
+const char * const LLM_KV_SPLIT_NO            = "split.no";
+const char * const LLM_KV_SPLIT_COUNT         = "split.count";
+const char * const LLM_KV_SPLIT_TENSORS_COUNT = "split.tensors.count";
+
+}
@@ -65,13 +65,13 @@ constexpr int     draft_min_percent_strict[LLAMA_NGRAM_MAX] = {75, 66, 66, 66};
 static llama_token try_draft(common_ngram_cache & nc_static, const common_ngram ngram_static) {
    common_ngram_cache::iterator part_static_it = nc_static.find(ngram_static);
    if (part_static_it == nc_static.end()) {
-        return -1;
+        return LLAMA_TOKEN_NULL;
    }
    const common_ngram_cache_part part_static = part_static_it->second;

    int max_count_static  = 0;
    int sum_count_static  = 0;
-    llama_token max_token = -1;
+    llama_token max_token = LLAMA_TOKEN_NULL;

    for (std::pair<llama_token, int> token_count_static : part_static) {
        const llama_token token = token_count_static.first;
@@ -85,10 +85,10 @@ static llama_token try_draft(common_ngram_cache & nc_static, const common_ngram
    }

    if (sum_count_static < draft_min_sample_size_lax[LLAMA_NGRAM_STATIC-1]) {
-        return -1;
+        return LLAMA_TOKEN_NULL;
    }
    if (100*max_count_static < draft_min_percent_lax[LLAMA_NGRAM_STATIC-1]*sum_count_static) {
-        return -1;
+        return LLAMA_TOKEN_NULL;
    }
    return max_token;
 }
@@ -98,9 +98,9 @@ static llama_token try_draft(
    common_ngram_cache & nc_primary, const std::vector<common_ngram> & ngrams_primary, common_ngram_cache_part & part_static,
    const int * min_sample_size, const int * min_percent) {

-    llama_token drafted_token = -1;
+    llama_token drafted_token = LLAMA_TOKEN_NULL;

-    for (int i = ngrams_primary.size()-1; i >= 0 && drafted_token == -1; --i) {
+    for (int i = ngrams_primary.size()-1; i >= 0 && drafted_token == LLAMA_TOKEN_NULL; --i) {
        const common_ngram ngram_primary = ngrams_primary[i];

        common_ngram_cache::iterator part_primary_it = nc_primary.find(ngram_primary);
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ static llama_token try_draft(
        int max_count_primary = 0;
        int max_count_static  = 0;
        int sum_count_primary = 0;
-        llama_token max_token = -1;
+        llama_token max_token = LLAMA_TOKEN_NULL;

        for (std::pair<llama_token, int> token_count_primary : part_primary) {
            const llama_token token = token_count_primary.first;
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ void common_ngram_cache_draft(
    }

    while ((int) draft.size()-1 < n_draft) {
-        llama_token drafted_token = -1;
+        llama_token drafted_token = LLAMA_TOKEN_NULL;

        const int ngram_start_static = inp_size-LLAMA_NGRAM_STATIC + draft.size()-1;
        common_ngram ngram_static;
@@ -177,17 +177,17 @@ void common_ngram_cache_draft(
            }
            ngrams_cd.push_back(ngram_cd);
        }
-        if (drafted_token == -1) {
+        if (drafted_token == LLAMA_TOKEN_NULL) {
            drafted_token = try_draft(nc_context, ngrams_cd, part_static, draft_min_sample_size_lax, draft_min_percent_lax);
        }
-        if (drafted_token == -1) {
+        if (drafted_token == LLAMA_TOKEN_NULL) {
            drafted_token = try_draft(nc_dynamic, ngrams_cd, part_static, draft_min_sample_size_strict, draft_min_percent_strict);
        }
-        if (drafted_token == -1) {
+        if (drafted_token == LLAMA_TOKEN_NULL) {
            drafted_token = try_draft(nc_static, ngram_static);
        }

-        if (drafted_token == -1) {
+        if (drafted_token == LLAMA_TOKEN_NULL) {
            break;
        }

@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@ struct common_ngram {

    common_ngram() {
        for (int i = 0; i < LLAMA_NGRAM_MAX; ++i) {
-            tokens[i] = -1;
+            tokens[i] = LLAMA_TOKEN_NULL;
        }
    }

    common_ngram(const llama_token * input, const int ngram_size) {
        for (int i = 0; i < LLAMA_NGRAM_MAX; ++i) {
-            tokens[i] = i < ngram_size ? input[i] : -1;
+            tokens[i] = i < ngram_size ? input[i] : LLAMA_TOKEN_NULL;
        }
    }

@@ -687,6 +687,9 @@ class Model:
        if chkhsh == "d4c8f286ea6b520b3d495c4455483cfa2302c0cfcd4be05d781b6a8a0a7cdaf1":
            # ref: https://huggingface.co/Infinigence/Megrez-3B-Instruct
            res = "megrez"
+        if chkhsh == "877081d19cf6996e2c4ff0e1236341e9b7bde288f5311a56a937f0afbbb3aeb5":
+            # ref: https://huggingface.co/deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-V3
+            res = "deepseek-v3"

        if res is None:
            logger.warning("\n")
@@ -1764,25 +1767,19 @@ class DeciModel(Model):
            self.gguf_writer.add_token_list(tokens)
            self.gguf_writer.add_token_types(toktypes)

-            special_vocab = gguf.SpecialVocab(
-                self.dir_model, load_merges=True,
-                special_token_types = ['bos', 'eos', 'eom', 'eot']
-            )
-            special_vocab._set_special_token("bos", 128000)
-            special_vocab._set_special_token("eos", 128001)
-            special_vocab._set_special_token("eom", 128008)
-            special_vocab._set_special_token("eot", 128009)
+            special_vocab = gguf.SpecialVocab(self.dir_model, load_merges=True)
            special_vocab.add_to_gguf(self.gguf_writer)
        else:
            # DeciLM-7B
            self._set_vocab_llama_hf()
-#            self._set_vocab_gpt2()

    def set_gguf_parameters(self):
        if "block_configs" in self.hparams: # Llama-3_1-Nemotron-51B
            assert self.block_count == len(self._num_kv_heads)
            assert self.block_count == len(self._num_heads)
            assert self.block_count == len(self._ffn_dims)
+            if (rope_theta := self.hparams.get("rope_theta")) is not None:
+                self.gguf_writer.add_rope_freq_base(rope_theta)
            self.gguf_writer.add_head_count_kv(self._num_kv_heads)
            self.gguf_writer.add_head_count(self._num_heads)
            self.gguf_writer.add_feed_forward_length(self._ffn_dims)
@@ -3379,6 +3376,24 @@ class CommandR2Model(Model):
        self.gguf_writer.add_rope_scaling_type(gguf.RopeScalingType.NONE)


+@Model.register("Cohere2ForCausalLM")
+class Cohere2Model(Model):
+    model_arch = gguf.MODEL_ARCH.COHERE2
+
+    def set_gguf_parameters(self):
+        super().set_gguf_parameters()
+
+        self.gguf_writer.add_logit_scale(self.hparams["logit_scale"])
+        self.gguf_writer.add_sliding_window(self.hparams["sliding_window"])
+        self.gguf_writer.add_vocab_size(self.hparams["vocab_size"])
+
+        rotary_pct = self.hparams["rotary_pct"]
+        hidden_size = self.hparams["hidden_size"]
+        num_attention_heads = self.hparams["num_attention_heads"]
+        self.gguf_writer.add_rope_dimension_count(int(rotary_pct * (hidden_size // num_attention_heads)))
+        self.gguf_writer.add_rope_scaling_type(gguf.RopeScalingType.NONE)
+
+
@Model.register("OlmoForCausalLM")
@Model.register("OLMoForCausalLM")
 class OlmoModel(Model):
@@ -3837,6 +3852,7 @@ class DeepseekModel(Model):


@Model.register("DeepseekV2ForCausalLM")
+@Model.register("DeepseekV3ForCausalLM")
 class DeepseekV2Model(Model):
    model_arch = gguf.MODEL_ARCH.DEEPSEEK2

@@ -3858,6 +3874,15 @@ class DeepseekV2Model(Model):
        self.gguf_writer.add_expert_count(hparams["n_routed_experts"])
        self.gguf_writer.add_expert_shared_count(hparams["n_shared_experts"])
        self.gguf_writer.add_expert_weights_scale(hparams["routed_scaling_factor"])
+        self.gguf_writer.add_expert_weights_norm(hparams["norm_topk_prob"])
+
+        if hparams["scoring_func"] == "sigmoid":
+            self.gguf_writer.add_expert_gating_func(gguf.ExpertGatingFuncType.SIGMOID)
+        elif hparams["scoring_func"] == "softmax":
+            self.gguf_writer.add_expert_gating_func(gguf.ExpertGatingFuncType.SOFTMAX)
+        else:
+            raise ValueError(f"Unsupported scoring_func value: {hparams['scoring_func']}")
+
        self.gguf_writer.add_rope_dimension_count(hparams["qk_rope_head_dim"])

        if self.hparams.get("rope_scaling") is not None and "factor" in self.hparams["rope_scaling"]:
@@ -3870,6 +3895,16 @@ class DeepseekV2Model(Model):
    _experts: list[dict[str, Tensor]] | None = None

    def modify_tensors(self, data_torch: Tensor, name: str, bid: int | None) -> Iterable[tuple[str, Tensor]]:
+        # rename e_score_correction_bias tensors
+        if name.endswith("e_score_correction_bias"):
+            name = name.replace("e_score_correction_bias", "e_score_correction.bias")
+
+        # skip Multi-Token Prediction (MTP) layers
+        block_count = self.hparams["num_hidden_layers"]
+        match = re.match(r"model.layers.(\d+)", name)
+        if match and int(match.group(1)) >= block_count:
+            return []
+
        # process the experts separately
        if name.find("mlp.experts") != -1:
            n_experts = self.hparams["n_routed_experts"]
@@ -107,6 +107,7 @@ models = [
    {"name": "roberta-bpe",    "tokt": TOKENIZER_TYPE.BPE, "repo": "https://huggingface.co/sentence-transformers/stsb-roberta-base"},
    {"name": "gigachat",       "tokt": TOKENIZER_TYPE.BPE, "repo": "https://huggingface.co/ai-sage/GigaChat-20B-A3B-instruct"},
    {"name": "megrez",         "tokt": TOKENIZER_TYPE.BPE, "repo": "https://huggingface.co/Infinigence/Megrez-3B-Instruct"},
+    {"name": "deepseek-v3",    "tokt": TOKENIZER_TYPE.BPE, "repo": "https://huggingface.co/deepseek-ai/DeepSeek-V3"},
 ]


@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

    llama_model_params model_params = common_model_params_to_llama(params);

-    llama_model * model = llama_load_model_from_file(params.model.c_str(), model_params);
+    llama_model * model = llama_model_load_from_file(params.model.c_str(), model_params);

    if (model == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr , "%s: error: unable to load model\n" , __func__);
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    llama_batch_free(batch);

    llama_free(ctx);
-    llama_free_model(model);
+    llama_model_free(model);

    llama_backend_free();

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

    llama_model_params model_params = common_model_params_to_llama(params);

-    llama_model * model = llama_load_model_from_file(params.model.c_str(), model_params);
+    llama_model * model = llama_model_load_from_file(params.model.c_str(), model_params);

    if (model == NULL) {
        LOG_ERR("%s: error: unable to load model\n" , __func__);
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
        }

        llama_token decoder_start_token_id = llama_model_decoder_start_token(model);
-        if (decoder_start_token_id == -1) {
+        if (decoder_start_token_id == LLAMA_TOKEN_NULL) {
            decoder_start_token_id = llama_token_bos(model);
        }

@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

    llama_sampler_free(smpl);
    llama_free(ctx);
-    llama_free_model(model);
+    llama_model_free(model);

    llama_backend_free();

@@ -434,12 +434,12 @@ static void print_matrix(struct ggml_tensor * probs) {
    }
 }

-struct llama_file {
+struct my_llama_file {
    // use FILE * so we don't have to re-open the file to mmap
    FILE * fp;
    size_t size;

-    llama_file(const char * fname, const char * mode) {
+    my_llama_file(const char * fname, const char * mode) {
        fp = std::fopen(fname, mode);
        if (fp == NULL) {
            size = 0;
@@ -500,7 +500,7 @@ struct llama_file {
        return std::string(chars.data(), len);
    }

-    ~llama_file() {
+    ~my_llama_file() {
        if (fp) {
            std::fclose(fp);
        }
@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@ struct llama_file {
 };

 static bool is_ggml_file(const char * filename) {
-    llama_file file(filename, "rb");
+    my_llama_file file(filename, "rb");
    if (file.size < 4) {
        return false;
    }
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ static void load_vocab(const char * filename, const Config * config, struct my_l
    } else {
        // assume llama2.c vocabulary
        LOG_INF("%s: Assuming llama2.c vocabulary since %s is not a gguf file\n", __func__, filename);
-        llama_file file(filename, "rb");
+        my_llama_file file(filename, "rb");
        if (!file.fp) {
            die_fmt("%s: %s", strerror(errno), filename);
        }
@@ -689,8 +689,8 @@ static void save_as_llama_model(
    gguf_set_val_u32(ctx, KV_TOKENIZER_UNK_ID, UNKNOWN_TOKEN_ID);
    gguf_set_val_u32(ctx, KV_TOKENIZER_BOS_ID, BOS_TOKEN_ID);
    gguf_set_val_u32(ctx, KV_TOKENIZER_EOS_ID, EOS_TOKEN_ID);
-    gguf_set_val_u32(ctx, KV_TOKENIZER_SEP_ID, -1);
-    gguf_set_val_u32(ctx, KV_TOKENIZER_PAD_ID, -1);
+    gguf_set_val_u32(ctx, KV_TOKENIZER_SEP_ID, LLAMA_TOKEN_NULL);
+    gguf_set_val_u32(ctx, KV_TOKENIZER_PAD_ID, LLAMA_TOKEN_NULL);

    gguf_set_val_u32(ctx, KV_CONTEXT_LENGTH, model->hparams.n_ctx);
    gguf_set_val_u32(ctx, KV_EMBEDDING_LENGTH, model->hparams.n_embd);
@@ -415,12 +415,13 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    // load the model to get hparams
    common_init_result llama_init = common_init_from_params(params);

-    llama_model * model = llama_init.model;
-    llama_context * ctx = llama_init.context;
+    llama_model * model = llama_init.model.get();
+    llama_context * ctx = llama_init.context.get();

    // int n_ctx = llama_n_ctx(ctx);
    int n_layers = llama_n_layer(model);
    int n_embd = llama_n_embd(model);
+
    // get model hint param (a.k.a model arch name)
    char model_hint[128];
    llama_model_meta_val_str(model, "general.architecture", model_hint, 128);
@@ -474,8 +475,6 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

    // done with the model, we can now free it to make gain some memory
    printf("Done evaluate prompts, unload model...\n");
-    llama_free(ctx);
-    llama_free_model(model);

    bool use_pca = params.cvector_dimre_method == DIMRE_METHOD_PCA;

@@ -97,8 +97,9 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    // load the model
    common_init_result llama_init = common_init_from_params(params);

-    llama_model * model = llama_init.model;
-    llama_context * ctx = llama_init.context;
+    llama_model * model = llama_init.model.get();
+    llama_context * ctx = llama_init.context.get();
+
    if (model == NULL) {
        LOG_ERR("%s: unable to load model\n", __func__);
        return 1;
@@ -316,8 +317,6 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

    // clean up
    llama_batch_free(batch);
-    llama_free(ctx);
-    llama_free_model(model);
    llama_backend_free();

    return 0;
@@ -162,8 +162,9 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    // init
    common_init_result llama_init = common_init_from_params(params);

-    llama_model * model = llama_init.model;
-    llama_context * ctx = llama_init.context;
+    llama_model * model = llama_init.model.get();
+    llama_context * ctx = llama_init.context.get();
+
    if (model == nullptr || ctx == nullptr) {
        LOG_ERR("%s : failed to init\n", __func__);
        return 1;
@@ -184,9 +185,6 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    LOG("\n");
    llama_perf_context_print(ctx);

-    llama_free(ctx);
-    llama_free_model(model);
-
    llama_backend_free();

    return 0;
@@ -2,15 +2,14 @@
 #include "common.h"

 #include <algorithm>
-#include <cmath>
 #include <cstdlib>
 #include <fstream>
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
-
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <string.h>
 #include <climits>
+
+#include <cstdio>
+#include <cstring>
 #include <stdexcept>

 #if defined(_WIN32)
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ int main(int argc, char * argv[]) {

    llama_backend_init();

-    llama_model * model = llama_load_model_from_file(params.model.c_str(), mparams);
+    llama_model * model = llama_model_load_from_file(params.model.c_str(), mparams);

    // create generation context
    llama_context * ctx = llama_new_context_with_model(model, cparams);
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ int main(int argc, char * argv[]) {

    llama_sampler_free(smpl);
    llama_free(ctx);
-    llama_free_model(model);
+    llama_model_free(model);
    llama_backend_free();

    return 0;
@@ -430,9 +430,10 @@ static void process_logits(

 static bool compute_imatrix(llama_context * ctx, const common_params & params) {
    const bool add_bos = llama_add_bos_token(llama_get_model(ctx));
-    GGML_ASSERT(!llama_add_eos_token(llama_get_model(ctx)));
    const int n_ctx = llama_n_ctx(ctx);

+    GGML_ASSERT(!llama_add_eos_token(llama_get_model(ctx)));
+
    auto tim1 = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
    LOG_INF("%s: tokenizing the input ..\n", __func__);

@@ -618,8 +619,9 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    // init
    common_init_result llama_init = common_init_from_params(params);

-    llama_model * model = llama_init.model;
-    llama_context * ctx = llama_init.context;
+    llama_model * model = llama_init.model.get();
+    llama_context * ctx = llama_init.context.get();
+
    if (model == nullptr || ctx == nullptr) {
        LOG_ERR("%s : failed to init\n", __func__);
        return 1;
@@ -655,9 +657,6 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    LOG("\n");
    llama_perf_context_print(ctx);

-    llama_free(ctx);
-    llama_free_model(model);
-
    llama_backend_free();

    return 0;
@@ -131,8 +131,8 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    LOG_INF("%s: load the model and apply lora adapter, if any\n", __func__);
    common_init_result llama_init = common_init_from_params(params);

-    model = llama_init.model;
-    ctx = llama_init.context;
+    model = llama_init.model.get();
+    ctx = llama_init.context.get();

    if (model == NULL) {
        LOG_ERR("%s: unable to load model\n", __func__);
@@ -581,9 +581,6 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    LOG("\n");
    common_perf_print(ctx, smpl);

-    llama_free(ctx);
-    llama_free_model(model);
-
    common_sampler_free(smpl);
    llama_backend_free();

@@ -1526,10 +1526,10 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
        // keep the same model between tests when possible
        if (!lmodel || !prev_inst || !inst.equal_mparams(*prev_inst)) {
            if (lmodel) {
-                llama_free_model(lmodel);
+                llama_model_free(lmodel);
            }

-            lmodel = llama_load_model_from_file(inst.model.c_str(), inst.to_llama_mparams());
+            lmodel = llama_model_load_from_file(inst.model.c_str(), inst.to_llama_mparams());
            if (lmodel == NULL) {
                fprintf(stderr, "%s: error: failed to load model '%s'\n", __func__, inst.model.c_str());
                return 1;
@@ -1540,7 +1540,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
        llama_context * ctx = llama_new_context_with_model(lmodel, inst.to_llama_cparams());
        if (ctx == NULL) {
            fprintf(stderr, "%s: error: failed to create context with model '%s'\n", __func__, inst.model.c_str());
-            llama_free_model(lmodel);
+            llama_model_free(lmodel);
            return 1;
        }

@@ -1626,7 +1626,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
        ggml_threadpool_free_fn(threadpool);
    }

-    llama_free_model(lmodel);
+    llama_model_free(lmodel);

    if (p) {
        p->print_footer();
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ static struct llama_model * llava_init(common_params * params) {

    llama_model_params model_params = common_model_params_to_llama(*params);

-    llama_model * model = llama_load_model_from_file(params->model.c_str(), model_params);
+    llama_model * model = llama_model_load_from_file(params->model.c_str(), model_params);
    if (model == NULL) {
        LOG_ERR("%s: unable to load model\n" , __func__);
        return NULL;
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ static void llava_free(struct llava_context * ctx_llava) {
    }

    llama_free(ctx_llava->ctx_llama);
-    llama_free_model(ctx_llava->model);
+    llama_model_free(ctx_llava->model);
    llama_backend_free();
 }

@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
        }
    }

-    llama_free_model(model);
+    llama_model_free(model);

    return 0;
 }
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ static struct llama_model * llava_init(common_params * params) {

    llama_model_params model_params = common_model_params_to_llama(*params);

-    llama_model * model = llama_load_model_from_file(params->model.c_str(), model_params);
+    llama_model * model = llama_model_load_from_file(params->model.c_str(), model_params);
    if (model == NULL) {
        LOG_ERR("%s: unable to load model\n" , __func__);
        return NULL;
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ static void llava_free(struct llava_context * ctx_llava) {
    }

    llama_free(ctx_llava->ctx_llama);
-    llama_free_model(ctx_llava->model);
+    llama_model_free(ctx_llava->model);
    llama_backend_free();
 }

@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ static struct llama_model * llava_init(common_params * params) {

    llama_model_params model_params = common_model_params_to_llama(*params);

-    llama_model * model = llama_load_model_from_file(params->model.c_str(), model_params);
+    llama_model * model = llama_model_load_from_file(params->model.c_str(), model_params);
    if (model == NULL) {
        LOG_ERR("%s: unable to load model\n" , __func__);
        return NULL;
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ static void llava_free(struct llava_context * ctx_llava) {
    }

    llama_free(ctx_llava->ctx_llama);
-    llama_free_model(ctx_llava->model);
+    llama_model_free(ctx_llava->model);
    llama_backend_free();
 }

@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
        }
    }

-    llama_free_model(model);
+    llama_model_free(model);

    return 0;
 }
@@ -58,8 +58,8 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    // load the target model
    common_init_result llama_init = common_init_from_params(params);

-    llama_model * model = llama_init.model;
-    llama_context * ctx = llama_init.context;
+    llama_model * model = llama_init.model.get();
+    llama_context * ctx = llama_init.context.get();

    // Tokenize the prompt
    std::vector<llama_token> inp;
@@ -474,9 +474,6 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

    llama_batch_free(batch);

-    llama_free(ctx);
-    llama_free_model(model);
-
    llama_backend_free();

    LOG("\n\n");
@@ -1,14 +1,9 @@
 #include "arg.h"
 #include "common.h"
 #include "ngram-cache.h"
-#include "ggml.h"
 #include "llama.h"

-#include <cstdint>
-#include <fstream>
-#include <iostream>
 #include <string>
-#include <unordered_map>
 #include <vector>

 int main(int argc, char ** argv){
@@ -25,16 +20,16 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv){
    // load the model
    common_init_result llama_init = common_init_from_params(params);

-    llama_model * model = llama_init.model;
-    llama_context * ctx = llama_init.context;
+    llama_model_ptr & model = llama_init.model;
+    llama_context_ptr & ctx = llama_init.context;
+
    GGML_ASSERT(model != nullptr);

    // tokenize the prompt
    std::vector<llama_token> inp;
-    inp = common_tokenize(ctx, params.prompt, true, true);
+    inp = common_tokenize(ctx.get(), params.prompt, true, true);
    fprintf(stderr, "%s: tokenization done\n", __func__);

-
    common_ngram_cache ngram_cache;
    common_ngram_cache_update(ngram_cache, LLAMA_NGRAM_STATIC, LLAMA_NGRAM_STATIC, inp, inp.size(), true);
    fprintf(stderr, "%s: hashing done, writing file to %s\n", __func__, params.lookup_cache_static.c_str());
@@ -30,12 +30,11 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv){
    // load the model
    common_init_result llama_init = common_init_from_params(params);

-    llama_model * model = llama_init.model;
-    llama_context * ctx = llama_init.context;
+    llama_context_ptr & ctx = llama_init.context;

    // tokenize the prompt
    std::vector<llama_token> inp;
-    inp = common_tokenize(ctx, params.prompt, true, true);
+    inp = common_tokenize(ctx.get(), params.prompt, true, true);

    common_ngram_cache ngram_cache_context;
    common_ngram_cache ngram_cache_dynamic;
@@ -66,7 +65,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv){
    }

    const int n_input = inp.size();
-    const int n_ctx = llama_n_ctx(ctx);
+    const int n_ctx = llama_n_ctx(ctx.get());

    int n_drafted = 0;
    int n_accept  = 0;
@@ -150,9 +149,6 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv){
    LOG_INF("n_accept     = %d\n", n_accept);
    LOG_INF("accept       = %.3f%%\n", 100.0f * n_accept / n_drafted);

-    llama_free(ctx);
-    llama_free_model(model);
-
    llama_backend_free();

    LOG("\n\n");
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv){
    // load the model
    common_init_result llama_init = common_init_from_params(params);

-    llama_model * model = llama_init.model;
-    llama_context * ctx = llama_init.context;
+    llama_model * model = llama_init.model.get();
+    llama_context * ctx = llama_init.context.get();

    // tokenize the prompt
    std::vector<llama_token> inp;
@@ -243,9 +243,6 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv){

    llama_batch_free(batch_tgt);

-    llama_free(ctx);
-    llama_free_model(model);
-
    llama_backend_free();

    LOG("\n\n");
@@ -145,18 +145,18 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    llama_context * ctx = nullptr;
    common_sampler * smpl = nullptr;

-    std::vector<common_chat_msg> chat_msgs;
-
    g_model = &model;
    g_ctx = &ctx;
    g_smpl = &smpl;

+    std::vector<common_chat_msg> chat_msgs;
+
    // load the model and apply lora adapter, if any
    LOG_INF("%s: load the model and apply lora adapter, if any\n", __func__);
    common_init_result llama_init = common_init_from_params(params);

-    model = llama_init.model;
-    ctx = llama_init.context;
+    model = llama_init.model.get();
+    ctx = llama_init.context.get();

    if (model == NULL) {
        LOG_ERR("%s: error: unable to load model\n", __func__);
@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
        }

        llama_token decoder_start_token_id = llama_model_decoder_start_token(model);
-        if (decoder_start_token_id == -1) {
+        if (decoder_start_token_id == LLAMA_TOKEN_NULL) {
            decoder_start_token_id = llama_token_bos(model);
        }

@@ -831,7 +831,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
                    // if user stop generation mid-way, we must add EOT to finish model's last response
                    if (need_insert_eot && format_chat) {
                        llama_token eot = llama_token_eot(model);
-                        embd_inp.push_back(eot == -1 ? llama_token_eos(model) : eot);
+                        embd_inp.push_back(eot == LLAMA_TOKEN_NULL ? llama_token_eos(model) : eot);
                        need_insert_eot = false;
                    }

@@ -889,9 +889,6 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

    common_sampler_free(smpl);

-    llama_free(ctx);
-    llama_free_model(model);
-
    llama_backend_free();

    ggml_threadpool_free_fn(threadpool);
@@ -132,8 +132,8 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    // load the target model
    common_init_result llama_init = common_init_from_params(params);

-    llama_model * model = llama_init.model;
-    llama_context * ctx = llama_init.context;
+    llama_model * model = llama_init.model.get();
+    llama_context * ctx = llama_init.context.get();

    // load the prompts from an external file if there are any
    if (params.prompt.empty()) {
@@ -416,9 +416,6 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

    llama_batch_free(batch);

-    llama_free(ctx);
-    llama_free_model(model);
-
    llama_backend_free();

    LOG("\n\n");
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

    llama_model_params model_params = common_model_params_to_llama(params);

-    llama_model * model = llama_load_model_from_file(params.model.c_str(), model_params);
+    llama_model * model = llama_model_load_from_file(params.model.c_str(), model_params);

    if (model == NULL) {
        LOG_ERR("%s: unable to load model\n" , __func__);
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    llama_batch_free(batch);

    llama_free(ctx);
-    llama_free_model(model);
+    llama_model_free(model);

    llama_backend_free();

@@ -1987,8 +1987,9 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    // load the model and apply lora adapter, if any
    common_init_result llama_init = common_init_from_params(params);

-    llama_model * model = llama_init.model;
-    llama_context * ctx = llama_init.context;
+    llama_model * model = llama_init.model.get();
+    llama_context * ctx = llama_init.context.get();
+
    if (model == NULL) {
        LOG_ERR("%s: unable to load model\n", __func__);
        return 1;
@@ -2023,9 +2024,6 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    LOG("\n");
    llama_perf_context_print(ctx);

-    llama_free(ctx);
-    llama_free_model(model);
-
    llama_backend_free();

    return 0;
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
-#include "common.h"
 #include "ggml.h"
 #include "llama.h"
-#include "llama-impl.h"
+#include "llama-context.h"
+#include "common.h"

 #include <algorithm>
 #include <cassert>
@@ -9,11 +9,9 @@
 #include <cmath>
 #include <cstdio>
 #include <cstring>
-#include <map>
 #include <numeric>
 #include <regex>
 #include <string>
-#include <unordered_map>
 #include <vector>
 #include <thread>
 #include <mutex>
@@ -311,7 +309,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
        auto mparams = llama_model_default_params();
        mparams.use_mlock  = false;

-        model = llama_load_model_from_file(params.model.c_str(), mparams);
+        model = llama_model_load_from_file(params.model.c_str(), mparams);

        if (model == NULL) {
            fprintf(stderr, "%s: error: failed to load model '%s'\n", __func__, params.model.c_str());
@@ -325,18 +323,18 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

        if (ctx == NULL) {
            fprintf(stderr, "%s: error: failed to create context with model '%s'\n", __func__, params.model.c_str());
-            llama_free_model(model);
+            llama_model_free(model);
            return 1;
        }
    }

-    const auto &tensors = llama_internal_get_tensor_map(ctx);
+    const auto & tensors = llama_internal_get_tensor_map(ctx);

    // check layer tensors
    int included_layers = 0;
    int64_t max_nelements = 0;
    bool is_f16 = false;
-    for (const auto& kv_tensor : tensors) {
+    for (const auto & kv_tensor : tensors) {
        if (!layer_included(params, kv_tensor.first)) {
            continue;
        }
@@ -349,7 +347,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
            fprintf(stderr, "%s: error: Quantization should be tested with a float model, "
                "this model contains already quantized layers (%s is type %d)\n", __func__, kv_tensor.first.c_str(), kv_tensor.second->type);
            llama_free(ctx);
-            llama_free_model(model);
+            llama_model_free(model);
            return 1;
        }
        included_layers++;
@@ -371,8 +369,8 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
        if (!params.include_types.empty() && std::find(params.include_types.begin(), params.include_types.end(), i) == params.include_types.end()) {
            continue;
        }
-        const auto *  qfns     = ggml_get_type_traits(type);
-        const auto *  qfns_cpu = ggml_get_type_traits_cpu(type);
+        const auto * qfns     = ggml_get_type_traits(type);
+        const auto * qfns_cpu = ggml_get_type_traits_cpu(type);
        if (qfns_cpu->from_float && qfns->to_float) {
            if (params.verbose) {
                printf("testing %s ...\n",  ggml_type_name(type));
@@ -382,7 +380,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

            error_stats global_stats {};

-            for (const auto& kv_tensor : tensors) {
+            for (const auto & kv_tensor : tensors) {
                if (!layer_included(params, kv_tensor.first)) {
                    continue;
                }
@@ -411,7 +409,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {


    llama_free(ctx);
-    llama_free_model(model);
+    llama_model_free(model);
    // report timing
    {
        const int64_t t_main_end_us = ggml_time_us();
@@ -151,8 +151,8 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    // load the model
    common_init_result llama_init = common_init_from_params(params);

-    llama_model * model = llama_init.model;
-    llama_context * ctx = llama_init.context;
+    llama_model * model = llama_init.model.get();
+    llama_context * ctx = llama_init.context.get();

    if (model == NULL) {
        LOG_ERR("%s: unable to load model\n", __func__);
@@ -298,7 +298,5 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

    // clean up
    llama_batch_free(query_batch);
-    llama_free(ctx);
-    llama_free_model(model);
    llama_backend_free();
 }
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #if defined(_WIN32)
 #    include <windows.h>
+#    include <io.h>
 #else
 #    include <sys/file.h>
 #    include <sys/ioctl.h>
@@ -82,6 +83,7 @@ class Opt {
        }

        ctx_params.n_batch        = context_size >= 0 ? context_size : context_size_default;
+        ctx_params.n_ctx          = ctx_params.n_batch;
        model_params.n_gpu_layers = ngl >= 0 ? ngl : ngl_default;
        temperature               = temperature >= 0 ? temperature : temperature_default;

@@ -253,7 +255,7 @@ class File {
                return 1;
            }

-            OVERLAPPED overlapped = { 0 };
+            OVERLAPPED overlapped = {};
            if (!LockFileEx(hFile, LOCKFILE_EXCLUSIVE_LOCK | LOCKFILE_FAIL_IMMEDIATELY, 0, MAXDWORD, MAXDWORD,
                            &overlapped)) {
                fd = -1;
@@ -277,7 +279,7 @@ class File {
        if (fd >= 0) {
 #    ifdef _WIN32
            if (hFile != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
-                OVERLAPPED overlapped = { 0 };
+                OVERLAPPED overlapped = {};
                UnlockFileEx(hFile, 0, MAXDWORD, MAXDWORD, &overlapped);
            }
 #    else
@@ -293,7 +295,7 @@ class File {
  private:
    int fd = -1;
 #    ifdef _WIN32
-    HANDLE hFile;
+    HANDLE hFile = nullptr;
 #    endif
 };

@@ -464,7 +466,7 @@ class HttpClient {
        return (now_downloaded_plus_file_size * 100) / total_to_download;
    }

-    static std::string generate_progress_prefix(curl_off_t percentage) { return fmt("%3ld%% |", percentage); }
+    static std::string generate_progress_prefix(curl_off_t percentage) { return fmt("%3ld%% |", static_cast<long int>(percentage)); }

    static double calculate_speed(curl_off_t now_downloaded, const std::chrono::steady_clock::time_point & start_time) {
        const auto                          now             = std::chrono::steady_clock::now();
@@ -663,7 +665,7 @@ class LlamaData {
            "\r%*s"
            "\rLoading model",
            get_terminal_width(), " ");
-        llama_model_ptr model(llama_load_model_from_file(opt.model_.c_str(), opt.model_params));
+        llama_model_ptr model(llama_model_load_from_file(opt.model_.c_str(), opt.model_params));
        if (!model) {
            printe("%s: error: unable to load model from file: %s\n", __func__, opt.model_.c_str());
        }
@@ -30,8 +30,8 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    // init
    common_init_result llama_init = common_init_from_params(params);

-    llama_model * model = llama_init.model;
-    llama_context * ctx = llama_init.context;
+    llama_model * model = llama_init.model.get();
+    llama_context * ctx = llama_init.context.get();

    if (model == nullptr || ctx == nullptr) {
        fprintf(stderr, "%s : failed to init\n", __func__);
@@ -89,8 +89,6 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
        if (llama_decode(ctx, batch)) {
            fprintf(stderr, "\n%s : failed to evaluate\n", __func__);
            llama_batch_free(batch);
-            llama_free(ctx);
-            llama_free_model(model);
            return 1;
        }
        n_past += 1;
@@ -98,11 +96,8 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

    printf("\n\n");

-    // free old context
-    llama_free(ctx);
-
    // make new context
-    auto * ctx2 = llama_new_context_with_model(model, common_context_params_to_llama(params));
+    llama_context * ctx2 = llama_new_context_with_model(model, common_context_params_to_llama(params));

    llama_sampler * smpl2 = llama_sampler_chain_init(sparams);

@@ -123,8 +118,6 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

        if (read != llama_state_set_data(ctx2, state_mem.data(), state_mem.size())) {
            fprintf(stderr, "\n%s : failed to read state\n", __func__);
-            llama_free(ctx2);
-            llama_free_model(model);
            return 1;
        }

@@ -148,8 +141,6 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
        if (llama_decode(ctx2, batch)) {
            fprintf(stderr, "\n%s : failed to evaluate\n", __func__);
            llama_batch_free(batch);
-            llama_free(ctx2);
-            llama_free_model(model);
            return 1;
        }
        n_past += 1;
@@ -157,15 +148,13 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

    printf("\n\n");

-    llama_free(ctx2);
-
    if (result0 != result1) {
        fprintf(stderr, "\n%s : error : the 2 generations are different\n", __func__);
        return 1;
    }

    // make new context
-    auto * ctx3 = llama_new_context_with_model(model, common_context_params_to_llama(params));
+    llama_context * ctx3 = llama_new_context_with_model(model, common_context_params_to_llama(params));

    llama_sampler * smpl3 = llama_sampler_chain_init(sparams);

@@ -186,8 +175,6 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

        if (read != llama_state_set_data(ctx3, state_mem.data(), state_mem.size())) {
            fprintf(stderr, "\n%s : failed to read state\n", __func__);
-            llama_free(ctx3);
-            llama_free_model(model);
            return 1;
        }

@@ -204,8 +191,6 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
        const size_t ncopy = llama_state_seq_get_data(ctx3, seq_store.data(), seq_store.size(), 0);
        if (ncopy != seq_store.size()) {
            fprintf(stderr, "\n%s : seq copy data length %zd does not match expected length %zd\n", __func__, ncopy, seq_store.size());
-            llama_free(ctx3);
-            llama_free_model(model);
            return 1;
        }
        fprintf(stderr, "%s : seq 0 copied, %zd bytes\n", __func__, ncopy);
@@ -218,8 +203,6 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
        const size_t nset = llama_state_seq_set_data(ctx3, seq_store.data(), seq_store.size(), 1);
        if (nset != seq_store.size()) {
            fprintf(stderr, "\n%s : seq set data length %zd does not match expected length %zd\n", __func__, nset, seq_store.size());
-            llama_free(ctx3);
-            llama_free_model(model);
            return 1;
        }
        fprintf(stderr, "%s : seq 1 restored, %zd bytes\n", __func__, nset);
@@ -239,8 +222,6 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
        if (llama_decode(ctx3, batch)) {
            fprintf(stderr, "\n%s : failed to evaluate\n", __func__);
            llama_batch_free(batch);
-            llama_free(ctx3);
-            llama_free_model(model);
            return 1;
        }
        n_past += 1;
@@ -253,8 +234,6 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    llama_sampler_free(smpl3);

    llama_batch_free(batch);
-    llama_free(ctx3);
-    llama_free_model(model);

    if (result0 != result2) {
        fprintf(stderr, "\n%s : error : the seq restore generation is different\n", __func__);
@@ -345,7 +345,7 @@ node index.js

 > [!IMPORTANT]
 >
-> This endpoint is **not** OAI-compatible
+> This endpoint is **not** OAI-compatible. For OAI-compatible client, use `/v1/completions` instead.

 *Options:*

@@ -452,6 +452,8 @@ These words will not be included in the completion, so make sure to add them to

 `response_fields`: A list of response fields, for example: `"response_fields": ["content", "generation_settings/n_predict"]`. If the specified field is missing, it will simply be omitted from the response without triggering an error. Note that fields with a slash will be unnested; for example, `generation_settings/n_predict` will move the field `n_predict` from the `generation_settings` object to the root of the response and give it a new name.

+`lora`: A list of LoRA adapters to be applied to this specific request. Each object in the list must contain `id` and `scale` fields. For example: `[{"id": 0, "scale": 0.5}, {"id": 1, "scale": 1.1}]`. If a LoRA adapter is not specified in the list, its scale will default to `0.0`. Please note that requests with different LoRA configurations will not be batched together, which may result in performance degradation.
+
 **Response format**

 - Note: In streaming mode (`stream`), only `content`, `tokens` and `stop` will be returned until end of completion. Responses are sent using the [Server-sent events](https://html.spec.whatwg.org/multipage/server-sent-events.html) standard. Note: the browser's `EventSource` interface cannot be used due to its lack of `POST` request support.
@@ -523,6 +525,7 @@ These words will not be included in the completion, so make sure to add them to
 - `tokens_evaluated`: Number of tokens evaluated in total from the prompt
 - `truncated`: Boolean indicating if the context size was exceeded during generation, i.e. the number of tokens provided in the prompt (`tokens_evaluated`) plus tokens generated (`tokens predicted`) exceeded the context size (`n_ctx`)

+
 ### POST `/tokenize`: Tokenize a given text

 *Options:*
@@ -574,6 +577,10 @@ With input 'á' (utf8 hex: C3 A1) on tinyllama/stories260k

 ### POST `/embedding`: Generate embedding of a given text

+> [!IMPORTANT]
+>
+> This endpoint is **not** OAI-compatible. For OAI-compatible client, use `/v1/embeddings` instead.
+
 The same as [the embedding example](../embedding) does.

 *Options:*
@@ -744,96 +751,6 @@ To use this endpoint with POST method, you need to start server with `--props`

 - None yet

-### POST `/v1/chat/completions`: OpenAI-compatible Chat Completions API
-
-Given a ChatML-formatted json description in `messages`, it returns the predicted completion. Both synchronous and streaming mode are supported, so scripted and interactive applications work fine. While no strong claims of compatibility with OpenAI API spec is being made, in our experience it suffices to support many apps. Only models with a [supported chat template](https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/wiki/Templates-supported-by-llama_chat_apply_template) can be used optimally with this endpoint. By default, the ChatML template will be used.
-
-*Options:*
-
-See [OpenAI Chat Completions API documentation](https://platform.openai.com/docs/api-reference/chat). While some OpenAI-specific features such as function calling aren't supported, llama.cpp `/completion`-specific features such as `mirostat` are supported.
-
-The `response_format` parameter supports both plain JSON output (e.g. `{"type": "json_object"}`) and schema-constrained JSON (e.g. `{"type": "json_object", "schema": {"type": "string", "minLength": 10, "maxLength": 100}}` or `{"type": "json_schema", "schema": {"properties": { "name": { "title": "Name",  "type": "string" }, "date": { "title": "Date",  "type": "string" }, "participants": { "items": {"type: "string" }, "title": "Participants",  "type": "string" } } } }`), similar to other OpenAI-inspired API providers.
-
-*Examples:*
-
-You can use either Python `openai` library with appropriate checkpoints:
-
-```python
-import openai
-
-client = openai.OpenAI(
-    base_url="http://localhost:8080/v1", # "http://<Your api-server IP>:port"
-    api_key = "sk-no-key-required"
-)
-
-completion = client.chat.completions.create(
-model="gpt-3.5-turbo",
-messages=[
-    {"role": "system", "content": "You are ChatGPT, an AI assistant. Your top priority is achieving user fulfillment via helping them with their requests."},
-    {"role": "user", "content": "Write a limerick about python exceptions"}
-]
-)
-
-print(completion.choices[0].message)
-```
-
-... or raw HTTP requests:
-
-```shell
-curl http://localhost:8080/v1/chat/completions \
-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-H "Authorization: Bearer no-key" \
-d '{
-"model": "gpt-3.5-turbo",
-"messages": [
-{
-    "role": "system",
-    "content": "You are ChatGPT, an AI assistant. Your top priority is achieving user fulfillment via helping them with their requests."
-},
-{
-    "role": "user",
-    "content": "Write a limerick about python exceptions"
-}
-]
-}'
-```
-
-### POST `/v1/embeddings`: OpenAI-compatible embeddings API
-
-This endpoint requires that the model uses a pooling different than type `none`. The embeddings are normalized using the Eucledian norm.
-
-*Options:*
-
-See [OpenAI Embeddings API documentation](https://platform.openai.com/docs/api-reference/embeddings).
-
-*Examples:*
-
- input as string
-
-  ```shell
-  curl http://localhost:8080/v1/embeddings \
-  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-  -H "Authorization: Bearer no-key" \
-  -d '{
-          "input": "hello",
-          "model":"GPT-4",
-          "encoding_format": "float"
-  }'
-  ```
-
- `input` as string array
-
-  ```shell
-  curl http://localhost:8080/v1/embeddings \
-  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
-  -H "Authorization: Bearer no-key" \
-  -d '{
-          "input": ["hello", "world"],
-          "model":"GPT-4",
-          "encoding_format": "float"
-  }'
-  ```
-
 ### POST `/embeddings`: non-OpenAI-compatible embeddings API

 This endpoint supports all poolings, including `--pooling none`. When the pooling is `none`, the responses will contain the *unnormalized* embeddings for *all* input tokens. For all other pooling types, only the pooled embeddings are returned, normalized using Euclidian norm.
@@ -1030,6 +947,8 @@ This endpoint returns the loaded LoRA adapters. You can add adapters using `--lo

 By default, all adapters will be loaded with scale set to 1. To initialize all adapters scale to 0, add `--lora-init-without-apply`

+Please note that this value will be overwritten by the `lora` field for each request.
+
 If an adapter is disabled, the scale will be set to 0.

 **Response format**
@@ -1051,6 +970,8 @@ If an adapter is disabled, the scale will be set to 0.

 ### POST `/lora-adapters`: Set list of LoRA adapters

+This sets the global scale for LoRA adapters. Please note that this value will be overwritten by the `lora` field for each request.
+
 To disable an adapter, either remove it from the list below, or set scale to 0.

 **Request format**
@@ -1064,6 +985,161 @@ To know the `id` of the adapter, use GET `/lora-adapters`
 ]
 ```

+## OpenAI-compatible API Endpoints
+
+### GET `/v1/models`: OpenAI-compatible Model Info API
+
+Returns information about the loaded model. See [OpenAI Models API documentation](https://platform.openai.com/docs/api-reference/models).
+
+The returned list always has one single element.
+
+By default, model `id` field is the path to model file, specified via `-m`. You can set a custom value for model `id` field via `--alias` argument. For example, `--alias gpt-4o-mini`.
+
+Example:
+
+```json
+{
+    "object": "list",
+    "data": [
+        {
+            "id": "../models/Meta-Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct-Q4_K_M.gguf",
+            "object": "model",
+            "created": 1735142223,
+            "owned_by": "llamacpp",
+            "meta": {
+                "vocab_type": 2,
+                "n_vocab": 128256,
+                "n_ctx_train": 131072,
+                "n_embd": 4096,
+                "n_params": 8030261312,
+                "size": 4912898304
+            }
+        }
+    ]
+}
+```
+
+### POST `/v1/completions`: OpenAI-compatible Completions API
+
+Given an input `prompt`, it returns the predicted completion. Streaming mode is also supported. While no strong claims of compatibility with OpenAI API spec is being made, in our experience it suffices to support many apps.
+
+*Options:*
+
+See [OpenAI Completions API documentation](https://platform.openai.com/docs/api-reference/completions).
+
+llama.cpp `/completion`-specific features such as `mirostat` are supported.
+
+*Examples:*
+
+Example usage with `openai` python library:
+
+```python
+import openai
+
+client = openai.OpenAI(
+    base_url="http://localhost:8080/v1", # "http://<Your api-server IP>:port"
+    api_key = "sk-no-key-required"
+)
+
+completion = client.completions.create(
+  model="davinci-002",
+  prompt="I believe the meaning of life is",
+  max_tokens=8
+)
+
+print(completion.choices[0].text)
+```
+
+### POST `/v1/chat/completions`: OpenAI-compatible Chat Completions API
+
+Given a ChatML-formatted json description in `messages`, it returns the predicted completion. Both synchronous and streaming mode are supported, so scripted and interactive applications work fine. While no strong claims of compatibility with OpenAI API spec is being made, in our experience it suffices to support many apps. Only models with a [supported chat template](https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/wiki/Templates-supported-by-llama_chat_apply_template) can be used optimally with this endpoint. By default, the ChatML template will be used.
+
+*Options:*
+
+See [OpenAI Chat Completions API documentation](https://platform.openai.com/docs/api-reference/chat). While some OpenAI-specific features such as function calling aren't supported, llama.cpp `/completion`-specific features such as `mirostat` are supported.
+
+The `response_format` parameter supports both plain JSON output (e.g. `{"type": "json_object"}`) and schema-constrained JSON (e.g. `{"type": "json_object", "schema": {"type": "string", "minLength": 10, "maxLength": 100}}` or `{"type": "json_schema", "schema": {"properties": { "name": { "title": "Name",  "type": "string" }, "date": { "title": "Date",  "type": "string" }, "participants": { "items": {"type: "string" }, "title": "Participants",  "type": "string" } } } }`), similar to other OpenAI-inspired API providers.
+
+*Examples:*
+
+You can use either Python `openai` library with appropriate checkpoints:
+
+```python
+import openai
+
+client = openai.OpenAI(
+    base_url="http://localhost:8080/v1", # "http://<Your api-server IP>:port"
+    api_key = "sk-no-key-required"
+)
+
+completion = client.chat.completions.create(
+  model="gpt-3.5-turbo",
+  messages=[
+    {"role": "system", "content": "You are ChatGPT, an AI assistant. Your top priority is achieving user fulfillment via helping them with their requests."},
+    {"role": "user", "content": "Write a limerick about python exceptions"}
+  ]
+)
+
+print(completion.choices[0].message)
+```
+
+... or raw HTTP requests:
+
+```shell
+curl http://localhost:8080/v1/chat/completions \
+-H "Content-Type: application/json" \
+-H "Authorization: Bearer no-key" \
+-d '{
+"model": "gpt-3.5-turbo",
+"messages": [
+{
+    "role": "system",
+    "content": "You are ChatGPT, an AI assistant. Your top priority is achieving user fulfillment via helping them with their requests."
+},
+{
+    "role": "user",
+    "content": "Write a limerick about python exceptions"
+}
+]
+}'
+```
+
+### POST `/v1/embeddings`: OpenAI-compatible embeddings API
+
+This endpoint requires that the model uses a pooling different than type `none`. The embeddings are normalized using the Eucledian norm.
+
+*Options:*
+
+See [OpenAI Embeddings API documentation](https://platform.openai.com/docs/api-reference/embeddings).
+
+*Examples:*
+
+- input as string
+
+  ```shell
+  curl http://localhost:8080/v1/embeddings \
+  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
+  -H "Authorization: Bearer no-key" \
+  -d '{
+          "input": "hello",
+          "model":"GPT-4",
+          "encoding_format": "float"
+  }'
+  ```
+
+- `input` as string array
+
+  ```shell
+  curl http://localhost:8080/v1/embeddings \
+  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
+  -H "Authorization: Bearer no-key" \
+  -d '{
+          "input": ["hello", "world"],
+          "model":"GPT-4",
+          "encoding_format": "float"
+  }'
+  ```
+
 ## More examples

 ### Interactive mode
@@ -6,10 +6,10 @@ Benchmark is using [k6](https://k6.io/).

 SSE is not supported by default in k6, you have to build k6 with the [xk6-sse](https://github.com/phymbert/xk6-sse) extension.

-Example:
+Example (assuming golang >= 1.21 is installed):
 ```shell
 go install go.k6.io/xk6/cmd/xk6@latest
-xk6 build master \
+$GOPATH/bin/xk6 build master \
 --with github.com/phymbert/xk6-sse
 ```

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ The server must answer OAI Chat completion requests on `http://localhost:8080/v1

 Example:
 ```shell
-server --host localhost --port 8080 \
+llama-server --host localhost --port 8080 \
  --model ggml-model-q4_0.gguf \
  --cont-batching \
  --metrics \
@@ -189,12 +189,12 @@ xychart-beta
        "pp": {
            "p95": round(data['metrics']["llamacpp_prompt_processing_second"]["p(95)"], 2),
            "avg": round(data['metrics']["llamacpp_prompt_processing_second"]["avg"], 2),
-            "0": round(mean(prometheus_metrics['prompt_tokens_seconds']), 2),
+            "0": round(mean(prometheus_metrics['prompt_tokens_seconds']), 2) if 'prompt_tokens_seconds' in prometheus_metrics else 0,
        },
        "tg": {
            "p95": round(data['metrics']["llamacpp_tokens_second"]["p(95)"], 2),
            "avg": round(data['metrics']["llamacpp_tokens_second"]["avg"], 2),
-            "0": round(mean(prometheus_metrics['predicted_tokens_seconds']), 2),
+            "0": round(mean(prometheus_metrics['predicted_tokens_seconds']), 2) if 'predicted_tokens_seconds' in prometheus_metrics else 0,
        },
    }
    with open("results.github.env", 'a') as github_env:
@@ -214,11 +214,14 @@ def start_benchmark(args):
    k6_args = [
        'run', args.scenario,
        '--no-color',
+        '--no-connection-reuse',
+        '--no-vu-connection-reuse',
    ]
    k6_args.extend(['--duration', args.duration])
    k6_args.extend(['--iterations', args.n_prompts])
    k6_args.extend(['--vus', args.parallel])
    k6_args.extend(['--summary-export', 'k6-results.json'])
+    k6_args.extend(['--out', 'csv=k6-results.csv'])
    args = f"SERVER_BENCH_N_PROMPTS={args.n_prompts} SERVER_BENCH_MAX_PROMPT_TOKENS={args.max_prompt_tokens} SERVER_BENCH_MAX_CONTEXT={args.max_tokens} "
    args = args + ' '.join([str(arg) for arg in [k6_path, *k6_args]])
    print(f"bench: starting k6 with: {args}")
@@ -231,7 +234,7 @@ def start_server(args):
    server_process = start_server_background(args)

    attempts = 0
-    max_attempts = 20
+    max_attempts = 600
    if 'GITHUB_ACTIONS' in os.environ:
        max_attempts *= 2

@@ -242,7 +245,15 @@ def start_server(args):
        print(f"bench:     waiting for server to start ...")
        time.sleep(0.5)

-    print("bench: server started.")
+    attempts = 0
+    while not is_server_ready(args.host, args.port):
+        attempts += 1
+        if attempts > max_attempts:
+            assert False, "server not ready"
+        print(f"bench:     waiting for server to be ready ...")
+        time.sleep(0.5)
+
+    print("bench: server started and ready.")
    return server_process


@@ -255,11 +266,6 @@ def start_server_background(args):
        '--host', args.host,
        '--port', args.port,
    ]
-    model_file = args.model_path_prefix + os.path.sep + args.hf_file
-    model_dir  = os.path.dirname(model_file)
-    if not os.path.exists(model_dir):
-        os.makedirs(model_dir)
-    server_args.extend(['--model', model_file])
    server_args.extend(['--hf-repo', args.hf_repo])
    server_args.extend(['--hf-file', args.hf_file])
    server_args.extend(['--n-gpu-layers', args.n_gpu_layers])
@@ -303,6 +309,12 @@ def is_server_listening(server_fqdn, server_port):
        return _is_server_listening


+def is_server_ready(server_fqdn, server_port):
+    url = f"http://{server_fqdn}:{server_port}/health"
+    response = requests.get(url)
+    return response.status_code == 200
+
+
 def escape_metric_name(metric_name):
    return re.sub('[^A-Z0-9]', '_', metric_name.upper())

@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ const llamacpp_completion_tokens = new Trend('llamacpp_completion_tokens')

 const llamacpp_tokens_second = new Trend('llamacpp_tokens_second')
 const llamacpp_prompt_processing_second = new Trend('llamacpp_prompt_processing_second')
+const llamacpp_emit_first_token_second = new Trend('llamacpp_emit_first_token_second')

 const llamacpp_prompt_tokens_total_counter = new Counter('llamacpp_prompt_tokens_total_counter')
 const llamacpp_completion_tokens_total_counter = new Counter('llamacpp_completion_tokens_total_counter')
@@ -89,6 +90,9 @@ export default function () {
        ],
        "model": model,
        "stream": true,
+        "stream_options": {
+          "include_usage": true, // False to be supported in llama.cpp server
+        },
        "seed": 42,
        "max_tokens": max_tokens,
        "stop": ["<|im_end|>"] // This is temporary for phi-2 base (i.e. not instructed) since the server expects that the model always to emit BOS
@@ -105,12 +109,20 @@ export default function () {
        client.on('event', function (event) {
            if (promptEvalEndTime == null) {
                promptEvalEndTime = new Date()
+                llamacpp_emit_first_token_second.add((promptEvalEndTime - startTime) / 1.e3)
+            }
+
+            if (event.data === '[DONE]' || event.data === '') {
+                return
            }

            let chunk = JSON.parse(event.data)
-            let choice = chunk.choices[0]
-            if (choice.finish_reason) {
-                finish_reason = choice.finish_reason
+
+            if (chunk.choices && chunk.choices.length > 0) {
+                let choice = chunk.choices[0]
+                if (choice.finish_reason) {
+                    finish_reason = choice.finish_reason
+                }
            }

            if (chunk.usage) {
@@ -67,6 +67,13 @@ enum server_task_type {
    SERVER_TASK_TYPE_SET_LORA,
 };

+enum oaicompat_type {
+    OAICOMPAT_TYPE_NONE,
+    OAICOMPAT_TYPE_CHAT,
+    OAICOMPAT_TYPE_COMPLETION,
+    OAICOMPAT_TYPE_EMBEDDING,
+};
+
 // https://community.openai.com/t/openai-chat-list-of-error-codes-and-types/357791/11
 enum error_type {
    ERROR_TYPE_INVALID_REQUEST,
@@ -91,6 +98,8 @@ struct slot_params {
    int64_t t_max_prompt_ms  = -1; // TODO: implement
    int64_t t_max_predict_ms = -1; // if positive, limit the generation phase to this time limit

+    std::vector<common_lora_adapter_info> lora;
+
    std::vector<std::string> antiprompt;
    std::vector<std::string> response_fields;
    bool timings_per_token = false;
@@ -101,11 +110,10 @@ struct slot_params {
    struct common_params_speculative speculative;

    // OAI-compat fields
-    bool        verbose        = false;
-    bool        oaicompat      = false;
-    bool        oaicompat_chat = true;
-    std::string oaicompat_model;
-    std::string oaicompat_cmpl_id;
+    bool           verbose        = false;
+    oaicompat_type oaicompat      = OAICOMPAT_TYPE_NONE;
+    std::string    oaicompat_model;
+    std::string    oaicompat_cmpl_id;

    json to_json() const {
        std::vector<std::string> samplers;
@@ -114,6 +122,11 @@ struct slot_params {
            samplers.emplace_back(common_sampler_type_to_str(sampler));
        }

+        json lora = json::array();
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < this->lora.size(); ++i) {
+            lora.push_back({{"id", i}, {"scale", this->lora[i].scale}});
+        }
+
        return json {
            {"n_predict",                 n_predict},     // Server configured n_predict
            {"seed",                      sampling.seed},
@@ -154,6 +167,7 @@ struct slot_params {
            {"speculative.p_min",         speculative.p_min},
            {"timings_per_token",         timings_per_token},
            {"post_sampling_probs",       post_sampling_probs},
+            {"lora",                      lora},
        };
    }
 };
@@ -183,6 +197,9 @@ struct server_task {
    // used by SERVER_TASK_TYPE_METRICS
    bool metrics_reset_bucket = false;

+    // used by SERVER_TASK_TYPE_SET_LORA
+    std::vector<common_lora_adapter_info> set_lora;
+
    server_task(server_task_type type) : type(type) {}

    static slot_params params_from_json_cmpl(
@@ -245,6 +262,16 @@ struct server_task {
        params.speculative.n_min = std::max(params.speculative.n_min, 2);
        params.speculative.n_max = std::max(params.speculative.n_max, 0);

+        if (data.contains("lora")) {
+            if (data.at("lora").is_array()) {
+                params.lora = parse_lora_request(params_base.lora_adapters, data.at("lora"));
+            } else {
+                throw std::runtime_error("Error: 'lora' must be an array of objects with 'id' and 'scale' fields");
+            }
+        } else {
+            params.lora = params_base.lora_adapters;
+        }
+
        // TODO: add more sanity checks for the input parameters

        if (params.sampling.penalty_last_n < -1) {
@@ -529,11 +556,10 @@ struct server_task_result_cmpl_final : server_task_result {
    slot_params generation_params;

    // OAI-compat fields
-    bool        verbose        = false;
-    bool        oaicompat      = false;
-    bool        oaicompat_chat = true; // TODO: support oaicompat for non-chat
-    std::string oaicompat_model;
-    std::string oaicompat_cmpl_id;
+    bool           verbose        = false;
+    oaicompat_type oaicompat = OAICOMPAT_TYPE_NONE;
+    std::string    oaicompat_model;
+    std::string    oaicompat_cmpl_id;

    virtual int get_index() override {
        return index;
@@ -544,9 +570,16 @@ struct server_task_result_cmpl_final : server_task_result {
    }

    virtual json to_json() override {
-        return oaicompat
-            ? (stream ? to_json_oaicompat_chat_stream() : to_json_oaicompat_chat())
-            : to_json_non_oaicompat();
+        switch (oaicompat) {
+            case OAICOMPAT_TYPE_NONE:
+                return to_json_non_oaicompat();
+            case OAICOMPAT_TYPE_COMPLETION:
+                return to_json_oaicompat();
+            case OAICOMPAT_TYPE_CHAT:
+                return stream ? to_json_oaicompat_chat_stream() : to_json_oaicompat_chat();
+            default:
+                GGML_ASSERT(false && "Invalid oaicompat_type");
+        }
    }

    json to_json_non_oaicompat() {
@@ -574,6 +607,50 @@ struct server_task_result_cmpl_final : server_task_result {
        return response_fields.empty() ? res : json_get_nested_values(response_fields, res);
    }

+    json to_json_oaicompat() {
+        std::time_t t = std::time(0);
+        json logprobs = json(nullptr); // OAI default to null
+        if (!stream && probs_output.size() > 0) {
+            logprobs = json{
+                {"content", completion_token_output::probs_vector_to_json(probs_output, post_sampling_probs)},
+            };
+        }
+        json finish_reason = "length";
+        if (stop == STOP_TYPE_WORD || stop == STOP_TYPE_EOS) {
+            finish_reason = "stop";
+        }
+        json res = json {
+            {"choices",            json::array({
+                json{
+                    {"text",          stream ? "" : content}, // in stream mode, content is already in last partial chunk
+                    {"index",         index},
+                    {"logprobs",      logprobs},
+                    {"finish_reason", finish_reason},
+                }
+            })},
+            {"created",            t},
+            {"model",              oaicompat_model},
+            {"system_fingerprint", build_info},
+            {"object",             "text_completion"},
+            {"usage", json {
+                {"completion_tokens", n_decoded},
+                {"prompt_tokens",     n_prompt_tokens},
+                {"total_tokens",      n_decoded + n_prompt_tokens}
+            }},
+            {"id", oaicompat_cmpl_id}
+        };
+
+        // extra fields for debugging purposes
+        if (verbose) {
+            res["__verbose"] = to_json_non_oaicompat();
+        }
+        if (timings.prompt_n >= 0) {
+            res.push_back({"timings", timings.to_json()});
+        }
+
+        return res;
+    }
+
    json to_json_oaicompat_chat() {
        std::string finish_reason = "length";
        if (stop == STOP_TYPE_WORD || stop == STOP_TYPE_EOS) {
@@ -671,11 +748,10 @@ struct server_task_result_cmpl_partial : server_task_result {
    result_timings timings;

    // OAI-compat fields
-    bool        verbose        = false;
-    bool        oaicompat      = false;
-    bool        oaicompat_chat = true; // TODO: support oaicompat for non-chat
-    std::string oaicompat_model;
-    std::string oaicompat_cmpl_id;
+    bool           verbose   = false;
+    oaicompat_type oaicompat = OAICOMPAT_TYPE_NONE;
+    std::string    oaicompat_model;
+    std::string    oaicompat_cmpl_id;

    virtual int get_index() override {
        return index;
@@ -686,7 +762,16 @@ struct server_task_result_cmpl_partial : server_task_result {
    }

    virtual json to_json() override {
-        return oaicompat ? to_json_oaicompat() : to_json_non_oaicompat();
+        switch (oaicompat) {
+            case OAICOMPAT_TYPE_NONE:
+                return to_json_non_oaicompat();
+            case OAICOMPAT_TYPE_COMPLETION:
+                return to_json_oaicompat();
+            case OAICOMPAT_TYPE_CHAT:
+                return to_json_oaicompat_chat();
+            default:
+                GGML_ASSERT(false && "Invalid oaicompat_type");
+        }
    }

    json to_json_non_oaicompat() {
@@ -711,6 +796,41 @@ struct server_task_result_cmpl_partial : server_task_result {
    }

    json to_json_oaicompat() {
+        std::time_t t = std::time(0);
+        json logprobs = json(nullptr); // OAI default to null
+        if (prob_output.probs.size() > 0) {
+            logprobs = json{
+                {"content", completion_token_output::probs_vector_to_json({prob_output}, post_sampling_probs)},
+            };
+        }
+        json res = json {
+            {"choices",            json::array({
+                json{
+                    {"text",          content},
+                    {"index",         index},
+                    {"logprobs",      logprobs},
+                    {"finish_reason", nullptr},
+                }
+            })},
+            {"created",            t},
+            {"model",              oaicompat_model},
+            {"system_fingerprint", build_info},
+            {"object",             "text_completion"},
+            {"id",                 oaicompat_cmpl_id}
+        };
+
+        // extra fields for debugging purposes
+        if (verbose) {
+            res["__verbose"] = to_json_non_oaicompat();
+        }
+        if (timings.prompt_n >= 0) {
+            res.push_back({"timings", timings.to_json()});
+        }
+
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    json to_json_oaicompat_chat() {
        bool first = n_decoded == 0;
        std::time_t t = std::time(0);
        json choices;
@@ -789,14 +909,16 @@ struct server_task_result_embd : server_task_result {
    int32_t n_tokens;

    // OAI-compat fields
-    bool oaicompat = false;
+    oaicompat_type oaicompat = OAICOMPAT_TYPE_NONE;

    virtual int get_index() override {
        return index;
    }

    virtual json to_json() override {
-        return oaicompat ? to_json_oaicompat() : to_json_non_oaicompat();
+        return oaicompat == OAICOMPAT_TYPE_EMBEDDING
+            ? to_json_oaicompat()
+            : to_json_non_oaicompat();
    }

    json to_json_non_oaicompat() {
@@ -1009,6 +1131,8 @@ struct server_slot {

    common_speculative * spec = nullptr;

+    std::vector<common_lora_adapter_info> lora;
+
    // the index relative to completion multi-task request
    size_t index = 0;

@@ -1090,6 +1214,11 @@ struct server_slot {
        return task_type == SERVER_TASK_TYPE_EMBEDDING || task_type == SERVER_TASK_TYPE_RERANK;
    }

+    bool can_batch_with(server_slot & other_slot) {
+        return is_non_causal() == other_slot.is_non_causal()
+            && are_lora_equal(lora, other_slot.lora);
+    }
+
    bool has_budget(const common_params & global_params) {
        if (params.n_predict == -1 && global_params.n_predict == -1) {
            return true; // limitless
@@ -1497,11 +1626,15 @@ struct server_response {
 struct server_context {
    common_params params_base;

+    // note: keep these alive - they determine the lifetime of the model, context, etc.
+    common_init_result llama_init;
+    common_init_result llama_init_dft;
+
    llama_model * model = nullptr;
    llama_context * ctx = nullptr;
-    std::vector<common_lora_adapter_container> loras;

    llama_model * model_dft = nullptr;
+
    llama_context_params cparams_dft;

    llama_batch batch = {};
@@ -1525,21 +1658,6 @@ struct server_context {
    float slot_prompt_similarity = 0.0f;

    ~server_context() {
-        if (ctx) {
-            llama_free(ctx);
-            ctx = nullptr;
-        }
-
-        if (model) {
-            llama_free_model(model);
-            model = nullptr;
-        }
-
-        if (model_dft) {
-            llama_free_model(model_dft);
-            model_dft = nullptr;
-        }
-
        // Clear any sampling context
        for (server_slot & slot : slots) {
            common_sampler_free(slot.smpl);
@@ -1562,11 +1680,10 @@ struct server_context {

        params_base = params;

-        common_init_result llama_init = common_init_from_params(params_base);
+        llama_init = common_init_from_params(params_base);

-        model = llama_init.model;
-        ctx   = llama_init.context;
-        loras = llama_init.lora_adapters;
+        model = llama_init.model.get();
+        ctx   = llama_init.context.get();

        if (model == nullptr) {
            SRV_ERR("failed to load model, '%s'\n", params_base.model.c_str());
@@ -1589,25 +1706,22 @@ struct server_context {
            params_dft.n_gpu_layers = params_base.speculative.n_gpu_layers;
            params_dft.n_parallel   = 1;

-            common_init_result llama_init_dft = common_init_from_params(params_dft);
+            llama_init_dft = common_init_from_params(params_dft);

-            model_dft = llama_init_dft.model;
+            model_dft = llama_init_dft.model.get();

            if (model_dft == nullptr) {
                SRV_ERR("failed to load draft model, '%s'\n", params_base.speculative.model.c_str());
                return false;
            }

-            if (!common_speculative_are_compatible(ctx, llama_init_dft.context)) {
+            if (!common_speculative_are_compatible(ctx, llama_init_dft.context.get())) {
                SRV_ERR("the draft model '%s' is not compatible with the target model '%s'\n", params_base.speculative.model.c_str(), params_base.model.c_str());

-                llama_free      (llama_init_dft.context);
-                llama_free_model(llama_init_dft.model);
-
                return false;
            }

-            const int n_ctx_dft = llama_n_ctx(llama_init_dft.context);
+            const int n_ctx_dft = llama_n_ctx(llama_init_dft.context.get());

            cparams_dft = common_context_params_to_llama(params_dft);
            cparams_dft.n_batch = n_ctx_dft;
@@ -1615,25 +1729,15 @@ struct server_context {
            // force F16 KV cache for the draft model for extra performance
            cparams_dft.type_k = GGML_TYPE_F16;
            cparams_dft.type_v = GGML_TYPE_F16;
-
-            // the context is not needed - we will create one for each slot
-            llama_free(llama_init_dft.context);
        }

        return true;
    }

-    bool validate_model_chat_template() const {
-        std::vector<char> model_template(2048, 0); // longest known template is about 1200 bytes
-        std::string template_key = "tokenizer.chat_template";
-        int32_t res = llama_model_meta_val_str(model, template_key.c_str(), model_template.data(), model_template.size());
-        if (res >= 0) {
-            llama_chat_message chat[] = {{"user", "test"}};
-            std::string tmpl = std::string(model_template.data(), model_template.size());
-            int32_t chat_res = llama_chat_apply_template(model, tmpl.c_str(), chat, 1, true, nullptr, 0);
-            return chat_res > 0;
-        }
-        return false;
+    bool validate_builtin_chat_template() const {
+        llama_chat_message chat[] = {{"user", "test"}};
+        int32_t chat_res = llama_chat_apply_template(model, nullptr, chat, 1, true, nullptr, 0);
+        return chat_res > 0;
    }

    void init() {
@@ -1772,6 +1876,12 @@ struct server_context {
        slot.params        = std::move(task.params);
        slot.prompt_tokens = std::move(task.prompt_tokens);

+        if (!are_lora_equal(task.params.lora, slot.lora)) {
+            // if lora is changed, we cannot reuse cached tokens
+            slot.cache_tokens.clear();
+            slot.lora = task.params.lora;
+        }
+
        SLT_DBG(slot, "launching slot : %s\n", safe_json_to_str(slot.to_json()).c_str());

        if (slot.n_predict > 0 && slot.params.n_predict > slot.n_predict) {
@@ -2044,7 +2154,6 @@ struct server_context {

        res->verbose           = slot.params.verbose;
        res->oaicompat         = slot.params.oaicompat;
-        res->oaicompat_chat    = slot.params.oaicompat_chat;
        res->oaicompat_model   = slot.params.oaicompat_model;
        res->oaicompat_cmpl_id = slot.params.oaicompat_cmpl_id;

@@ -2085,7 +2194,6 @@ struct server_context {
        res->verbose           = slot.params.verbose;
        res->stream            = slot.params.stream;
        res->oaicompat         = slot.params.oaicompat;
-        res->oaicompat_chat    = slot.params.oaicompat_chat;
        res->oaicompat_model   = slot.params.oaicompat_model;
        res->oaicompat_cmpl_id = slot.params.oaicompat_cmpl_id;

@@ -2465,7 +2573,7 @@ struct server_context {
                } break;
            case SERVER_TASK_TYPE_SET_LORA:
                {
-                    common_lora_adapters_apply(ctx, loras);
+                    params_base.lora_adapters = std::move(task.set_lora);
                    auto res = std::make_unique<server_task_result_apply_lora>();
                    res->id = task.id;
                    queue_results.send(std::move(res));
@@ -2542,12 +2650,22 @@ struct server_context {
        // start populating the batch for this iteration
        common_batch_clear(batch);

+        // track if given slot can be batched with slots already in the batch
+        server_slot * slot_batched = nullptr;
+
        // frist, add sampled tokens from any ongoing sequences
        for (auto & slot : slots) {
            if (slot.state != SLOT_STATE_GENERATING) {
                continue;
            }

+            // check if we can batch this slot with the previous one
+            if (!slot_batched) {
+                slot_batched = &slot;
+            } else if (!slot_batched->can_batch_with(slot)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
            slot.i_batch = batch.n_tokens;

            common_batch_add(batch, slot.sampled, slot.n_past, { slot.id }, true);
@@ -2566,15 +2684,18 @@ struct server_context {
        int32_t n_batch  = llama_n_batch(ctx);
        int32_t n_ubatch = llama_n_ubatch(ctx);

-        // track if this is an embedding or non-embedding batch
-        // if we've added sampled tokens above, we are in non-embedding mode
-        // -1: none, 0: non-embedding, 1: embedding
-        // TODO: make enum
-        int32_t batch_type = batch.n_tokens > 0 ? 0 : -1;
-
        // next, batch any pending prompts without exceeding n_batch
        if (params_base.cont_batching || batch.n_tokens == 0) {
            for (auto & slot : slots) {
+                // check if we can batch this slot with the previous one
+                if (slot.is_processing()) {
+                    if (!slot_batched) {
+                        slot_batched = &slot;
+                    } else if (!slot_batched->can_batch_with(slot)) {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                }
+
                // this slot still has a prompt to be processed
                if (slot.state == SLOT_STATE_PROCESSING_PROMPT || slot.state == SLOT_STATE_STARTED) {
                    auto & prompt_tokens = slot.prompt_tokens;
@@ -2735,14 +2856,6 @@ struct server_context {
                        }
                    }

-                    // check that we are in the right batch_type, if not defer the slot
-                    int slot_type = slot.is_non_causal();
-                    if (batch_type == -1) {
-                        batch_type = slot_type;
-                    } else if (batch_type != slot_type) {
-                        continue;
-                    }
-
                    // keep only the common part
                    if (!llama_kv_cache_seq_rm(ctx, slot.id, slot.n_past, -1)) {
                        // could not partially delete (likely using a non-Transformer model)
@@ -2810,8 +2923,12 @@ struct server_context {

        SRV_DBG("decoding batch, n_tokens = %d\n", batch.n_tokens);

-        // make sure we're in the right embedding mode
-        llama_set_embeddings(ctx, batch_type == 1);
+        if (slot_batched) {
+            // make sure we're in the right embedding mode
+            llama_set_embeddings(ctx, slot_batched->is_non_causal());
+            // apply lora, only need to do it once per batch
+            common_lora_adapters_apply(ctx, slot_batched->lora);
+        }

        // process the created batch of tokens
        for (int32_t i = 0; i < batch.n_tokens; i += n_batch) {
@@ -3484,7 +3601,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
            { "default_generation_settings", ctx_server.default_generation_settings_for_props },
            { "total_slots",                 ctx_server.params_base.n_parallel },
            { "model_path",                  ctx_server.params_base.model },
-            { "chat_template",               llama_get_chat_template(ctx_server.model) },
+            { "chat_template",               common_get_builtin_chat_template(ctx_server.model) },
            { "build_info",                  build_info },
        };

@@ -3506,12 +3623,11 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

    // handle completion-like requests (completion, chat, infill)
    // we can optionally provide a custom format for partial results and final results
-    const auto handle_completions_generic = [&ctx_server, &res_error, &res_ok](
+    const auto handle_completions_impl = [&ctx_server, &res_error, &res_ok](
            server_task_type type,
            json & data,
            httplib::Response & res,
-            bool oaicompat = false,
-            bool oaicompat_chat = false) {
+            oaicompat_type oaicompat) {
        GGML_ASSERT(type == SERVER_TASK_TYPE_COMPLETION || type == SERVER_TASK_TYPE_INFILL);

        if (ctx_server.params_base.embedding) {
@@ -3532,13 +3648,16 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
                task.index = i;

                task.prompt_tokens    = std::move(tokenized_prompts[i]);
-                task.params           = server_task::params_from_json_cmpl(ctx_server.model, ctx_server.ctx, ctx_server.params_base, data);
+                task.params           = server_task::params_from_json_cmpl(
+                                            ctx_server.model,
+                                            ctx_server.ctx,
+                                            ctx_server.params_base,
+                                            data);
                task.id_selected_slot = json_value(data, "id_slot", -1);

                // OAI-compat
-                task.params.oaicompat           = oaicompat;
-                task.params.oaicompat_chat      = oaicompat_chat;
-                task.params.oaicompat_cmpl_id   = completion_id;
+                task.params.oaicompat         = oaicompat;
+                task.params.oaicompat_cmpl_id = completion_id;
                // oaicompat_model is already populated by params_from_json_cmpl

                tasks.push_back(task);
@@ -3589,7 +3708,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
                }, [&](const json & error_data) {
                    server_sent_event(sink, "error", error_data);
                });
-                if (oaicompat) {
+                if (oaicompat != OAICOMPAT_TYPE_NONE) {
                    static const std::string ev_done = "data: [DONE]\n\n";
                    sink.write(ev_done.data(), ev_done.size());
                }
@@ -3605,17 +3724,25 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
        }
    };

-    const auto handle_completions = [&handle_completions_generic](const httplib::Request & req, httplib::Response & res) {
+    const auto handle_completions = [&handle_completions_impl](const httplib::Request & req, httplib::Response & res) {
        json data = json::parse(req.body);
-        return handle_completions_generic(
+        return handle_completions_impl(
            SERVER_TASK_TYPE_COMPLETION,
            data,
            res,
-            /* oaicompat */ false,
-            /* oaicompat_chat */ false);
+            OAICOMPAT_TYPE_NONE);
    };

-    const auto handle_infill = [&ctx_server, &res_error, &handle_completions_generic](const httplib::Request & req, httplib::Response & res) {
+    const auto handle_completions_oai = [&handle_completions_impl](const httplib::Request & req, httplib::Response & res) {
+        json data = oaicompat_completion_params_parse(json::parse(req.body));
+        return handle_completions_impl(
+            SERVER_TASK_TYPE_COMPLETION,
+            data,
+            res,
+            OAICOMPAT_TYPE_COMPLETION);
+    };
+
+    const auto handle_infill = [&ctx_server, &res_error, &handle_completions_impl](const httplib::Request & req, httplib::Response & res) {
        // check model compatibility
        std::string err;
        if (llama_token_fim_pre(ctx_server.model) == LLAMA_TOKEN_NULL) {
@@ -3670,7 +3797,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
        data["input_extra"] = input_extra; // default to empty array if it's not exist

        std::string prompt = json_value(data, "prompt", std::string());
-        std::vector<llama_tokens> tokenized_prompts = tokenize_input_prompts(ctx_server.ctx, prompt, true, true);
+        std::vector<llama_tokens> tokenized_prompts = tokenize_input_prompts(ctx_server.ctx, prompt, false, true);
        SRV_DBG("creating infill tasks, n_prompts = %d\n", (int) tokenized_prompts.size());
        data["prompt"] = format_infill(
            ctx_server.ctx,
@@ -3684,22 +3811,25 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
            tokenized_prompts[0]
        );

-        return handle_completions_generic(SERVER_TASK_TYPE_INFILL, data, res);
+        return handle_completions_impl(
+            SERVER_TASK_TYPE_INFILL,
+            data,
+            res,
+            OAICOMPAT_TYPE_NONE); // infill is not OAI compatible
    };

-    const auto handle_chat_completions = [&ctx_server, &params, &res_error, &handle_completions_generic](const httplib::Request & req, httplib::Response & res) {
+    const auto handle_chat_completions = [&ctx_server, &params, &res_error, &handle_completions_impl](const httplib::Request & req, httplib::Response & res) {
        if (ctx_server.params_base.embedding) {
            res_error(res, format_error_response("This server does not support completions. Start it without `--embeddings`", ERROR_TYPE_NOT_SUPPORTED));
            return;
        }

-        json data = oaicompat_completion_params_parse(ctx_server.model, json::parse(req.body), params.chat_template);
-        return handle_completions_generic(
+        json data = oaicompat_chat_completion_params_parse(ctx_server.model, json::parse(req.body), params.chat_template);
+        return handle_completions_impl(
            SERVER_TASK_TYPE_COMPLETION,
            data,
            res,
-            /* oaicompat */ true,
-            /* oaicompat_chat */ true);
+            OAICOMPAT_TYPE_CHAT);
    };

    const auto handle_models = [&params, &ctx_server, &res_ok](const httplib::Request &, httplib::Response & res) {
@@ -3772,10 +3902,10 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
        res_ok(res, data);
    };

-    const auto handle_embeddings_impl = [&ctx_server, &res_error, &res_ok](const httplib::Request & req, httplib::Response & res, bool oaicompat) {
+    const auto handle_embeddings_impl = [&ctx_server, &res_error, &res_ok](const httplib::Request & req, httplib::Response & res, oaicompat_type oaicompat) {
        const json body = json::parse(req.body);

-        if (oaicompat && llama_pooling_type(ctx_server.ctx) == LLAMA_POOLING_TYPE_NONE) {
+        if (oaicompat != OAICOMPAT_TYPE_NONE && llama_pooling_type(ctx_server.ctx) == LLAMA_POOLING_TYPE_NONE) {
            res_error(res, format_error_response("Pooling type 'none' is not OAI compatible. Please use a different pooling type", ERROR_TYPE_INVALID_REQUEST));
            return;
        }
@@ -3785,7 +3915,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
        if (body.count("input") != 0) {
            prompt = body.at("input");
        } else if (body.contains("content")) {
-            oaicompat = false;
+            oaicompat = OAICOMPAT_TYPE_NONE; // "content" field is not OAI compatible
            prompt = body.at("content");
        } else {
            res_error(res, format_error_response("\"input\" or \"content\" must be provided", ERROR_TYPE_INVALID_REQUEST));
@@ -3854,16 +3984,18 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
        }

        // write JSON response
-        json root = oaicompat ? format_embeddings_response_oaicompat(body, responses, use_base64) : json(responses);
+        json root = oaicompat == OAICOMPAT_TYPE_EMBEDDING
+            ? format_embeddings_response_oaicompat(body, responses, use_base64)
+            : json(responses);
        res_ok(res, root);
    };

    const auto handle_embeddings = [&handle_embeddings_impl](const httplib::Request & req, httplib::Response & res) {
-        handle_embeddings_impl(req, res, false);
+        handle_embeddings_impl(req, res, OAICOMPAT_TYPE_NONE);
    };

    const auto handle_embeddings_oai = [&handle_embeddings_impl](const httplib::Request & req, httplib::Response & res) {
-        handle_embeddings_impl(req, res, true);
+        handle_embeddings_impl(req, res, OAICOMPAT_TYPE_EMBEDDING);
    };

    const auto handle_rerank = [&ctx_server, &res_error, &res_ok](const httplib::Request & req, httplib::Response & res) {
@@ -3946,8 +4078,9 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

    const auto handle_lora_adapters_list = [&](const httplib::Request &, httplib::Response & res) {
        json result = json::array();
-        for (size_t i = 0; i < ctx_server.loras.size(); ++i) {
-            auto & lora = ctx_server.loras[i];
+        const auto & loras = ctx_server.params_base.lora_adapters;
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < loras.size(); ++i) {
+            auto & lora = loras[i];
            result.push_back({
                {"id", i},
                {"path", lora.path},
@@ -3959,27 +4092,14 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    };

    const auto handle_lora_adapters_apply = [&](const httplib::Request & req, httplib::Response & res) {
-        const std::vector<json> body = json::parse(req.body);
-        int max_idx = ctx_server.loras.size();
-
-        // clear existing value
-        for (auto & lora : ctx_server.loras) {
-            lora.scale = 0.0f;
+        const json body = json::parse(req.body);
+        if (!body.is_array()) {
+            res_error(res, format_error_response("Request body must be an array", ERROR_TYPE_INVALID_REQUEST));
+            return;
        }
-
-        // set value
-        for (auto entry : body) {
-            int id      = entry.at("id");
-            float scale = entry.at("scale");
-            if (0 <= id && id < max_idx) {
-                ctx_server.loras[id].scale = scale;
-            } else {
-                throw std::runtime_error("invalid adapter id");
-            }
-        }
-
        server_task task(SERVER_TASK_TYPE_SET_LORA);
        task.id = ctx_server.queue_tasks.get_new_id();
+        task.set_lora = parse_lora_request(ctx_server.params_base.lora_adapters, body);
        ctx_server.queue_results.add_waiting_task_id(task.id);
        ctx_server.queue_tasks.post(task);

@@ -4033,7 +4153,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    svr->Get ("/v1/models",           handle_models); // public endpoint (no API key check)
    svr->Post("/completion",          handle_completions); // legacy
    svr->Post("/completions",         handle_completions);
-    svr->Post("/v1/completions",      handle_completions);
+    svr->Post("/v1/completions",      handle_completions_oai);
    svr->Post("/chat/completions",    handle_chat_completions);
    svr->Post("/v1/chat/completions", handle_chat_completions);
    svr->Post("/infill",              handle_infill);
@@ -4113,14 +4233,16 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

    // if a custom chat template is not supplied, we will use the one that comes with the model (if any)
    if (params.chat_template.empty()) {
-        if (!ctx_server.validate_model_chat_template()) {
+        if (!ctx_server.validate_builtin_chat_template()) {
            LOG_WRN("%s: The chat template that comes with this model is not yet supported, falling back to chatml. This may cause the model to output suboptimal responses\n", __func__);
            params.chat_template = "chatml";
        }
    }

    // print sample chat example to make it clear which template is used
-    LOG_INF("%s: chat template, built_in: %d, chat_example: '%s'\n", __func__, params.chat_template.empty(), common_chat_format_example(ctx_server.model, params.chat_template).c_str());
+    LOG_INF("%s: chat template, chat_template: %s, example_format: '%s'\n", __func__,
+        params.chat_template.empty() ? "(built-in)" : params.chat_template.c_str(),
+        common_chat_format_example(ctx_server.model, params.chat_template).c_str());

    ctx_server.queue_tasks.on_new_task(std::bind(
                &server_context::process_single_task, &ctx_server, std::placeholders::_1));
@@ -44,6 +44,12 @@ To run with stdout/stderr display in real time (verbose output, but useful for d
 DEBUG=1 ./tests.sh -s -v -x
 ```

+To run single test unit:
+
+```shell
+./tests.sh unit/test_{name of test case here}.py -v -x
+```
+
 Hint: You can compile and run test in single command, useful for local developement:

 ```shell
@@ -5,3 +5,4 @@ numpy~=1.26.4
 openai~=1.55.3
 prometheus-client~=0.20.0
 requests~=2.32.3
+wget~=3.2
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ def test_chat_completion_stream(system_prompt, user_prompt, max_tokens, re_conte
 def test_chat_completion_with_openai_library():
    global server
    server.start()
-    client = OpenAI(api_key="dummy", base_url=f"http://{server.server_host}:{server.server_port}")
+    client = OpenAI(api_key="dummy", base_url=f"http://{server.server_host}:{server.server_port}/v1")
    res = client.chat.completions.create(
        model="gpt-3.5-turbo-instruct",
        messages=[
@@ -100,6 +100,23 @@ def test_chat_completion_with_openai_library():
    assert match_regex("(Suddenly)+", res.choices[0].message.content)


+def test_chat_template():
+    global server
+    server.chat_template = "llama3"
+    server.debug = True  # to get the "__verbose" object in the response
+    server.start()
+    res = server.make_request("POST", "/chat/completions", data={
+        "max_tokens": 8,
+        "messages": [
+            {"role": "system", "content": "Book"},
+            {"role": "user", "content": "What is the best book"},
+        ]
+    })
+    assert res.status_code == 200
+    assert "__verbose" in res.body
+    assert res.body["__verbose"]["prompt"] == "<s> <|start_header_id|>system<|end_header_id|>\n\nBook<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>user<|end_header_id|>\n\nWhat is the best book<|eot_id|><|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>\n\n"
+
+
@pytest.mark.parametrize("response_format,n_predicted,re_content", [
    ({"type": "json_object", "schema": {"const": "42"}}, 6, "\"42\""),
    ({"type": "json_object", "schema": {"items": [{"type": "integer"}]}}, 10, "[ -3000 ]"),
@@ -170,7 +187,7 @@ def test_chat_completion_with_timings_per_token():
 def test_logprobs():
    global server
    server.start()
-    client = OpenAI(api_key="dummy", base_url=f"http://{server.server_host}:{server.server_port}")
+    client = OpenAI(api_key="dummy", base_url=f"http://{server.server_host}:{server.server_port}/v1")
    res = client.chat.completions.create(
        model="gpt-3.5-turbo-instruct",
        temperature=0.0,
@@ -197,7 +214,7 @@ def test_logprobs():
 def test_logprobs_stream():
    global server
    server.start()
-    client = OpenAI(api_key="dummy", base_url=f"http://{server.server_host}:{server.server_port}")
+    client = OpenAI(api_key="dummy", base_url=f"http://{server.server_host}:{server.server_port}/v1")
    res = client.chat.completions.create(
        model="gpt-3.5-turbo-instruct",
        temperature=0.0,
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import pytest
 import time
+from openai import OpenAI
 from utils import *

 server = ServerPreset.tinyllama2()
@@ -85,6 +86,40 @@ def test_completion_stream_vs_non_stream():
    assert content_stream == res_non_stream.body["content"]


+def test_completion_stream_with_openai_library():
+    global server
+    server.start()
+    client = OpenAI(api_key="dummy", base_url=f"http://{server.server_host}:{server.server_port}/v1")
+    res = client.completions.create(
+        model="davinci-002",
+        prompt="I believe the meaning of life is",
+        max_tokens=8,
+    )
+    assert res.system_fingerprint is not None and res.system_fingerprint.startswith("b")
+    assert res.choices[0].finish_reason == "length"
+    assert res.choices[0].text is not None
+    assert match_regex("(going|bed)+", res.choices[0].text)
+
+
+def test_completion_with_openai_library():
+    global server
+    server.start()
+    client = OpenAI(api_key="dummy", base_url=f"http://{server.server_host}:{server.server_port}/v1")
+    res = client.completions.create(
+        model="davinci-002",
+        prompt="I believe the meaning of life is",
+        max_tokens=8,
+        stream=True,
+    )
+    output_text = ''
+    for data in res:
+        choice = data.choices[0]
+        if choice.finish_reason is None:
+            assert choice.text is not None
+            output_text += choice.text
+    assert match_regex("(going|bed)+", output_text)
+
+
@pytest.mark.parametrize("n_slots", [1, 2])
 def test_consistent_result_same_seed(n_slots: int):
    global server
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ def test_infill_without_input_extra():
        "input_suffix": "}\n",
    })
    assert res.status_code == 200
-    assert match_regex("(Ann|small|shiny)+", res.body["content"])
+    assert match_regex("(Ann|small|shiny|Daddy)+", res.body["content"])


 def test_infill_with_input_extra():
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
 import pytest
-import os
 from utils import *

 server = ServerPreset.stories15m_moe()
@@ -10,15 +9,7 @@ LORA_FILE_URL = "https://huggingface.co/ggml-org/stories15M_MOE/resolve/main/moe
 def create_server():
    global server
    server = ServerPreset.stories15m_moe()
-    # download lora file if needed
-    file_name = LORA_FILE_URL.split('/').pop()
-    lora_file = f'../../../{file_name}'
-    if not os.path.exists(lora_file):
-        print(f"Downloading {LORA_FILE_URL} to {lora_file}")
-        with open(lora_file, 'wb') as f:
-            f.write(requests.get(LORA_FILE_URL).content)
-        print(f"Done downloading lora file")
-    server.lora_files = [lora_file]
+    server.lora_files = [download_file(LORA_FILE_URL)]


@pytest.mark.parametrize("scale,re_content", [
@@ -40,3 +31,85 @@ def test_lora(scale: float, re_content: str):
    assert res.status_code == 200
    assert match_regex(re_content, res.body["content"])

+
+def test_lora_per_request():
+    global server
+    server.n_slots = 4
+    server.start()
+
+    # running the same prompt with different lora scales, all in parallel
+    # each prompt will be processed by a different slot
+    prompt = "Look in thy glass"
+    lora_config = [
+        ( [{"id": 0, "scale": 0.0}], "(bright|day|many|happy)+" ),
+        ( [{"id": 0, "scale": 0.0}], "(bright|day|many|happy)+" ),
+        ( [{"id": 0, "scale": 0.3}], "(special|thing|gifted)+" ),
+        ( [{"id": 0, "scale": 0.7}], "(far|from|home|away)+" ),
+        ( [{"id": 0, "scale": 1.0}], "(eye|love|glass|sun)+" ),
+        ( [{"id": 0, "scale": 1.0}], "(eye|love|glass|sun)+" ),
+    ]
+
+    tasks = [(
+        server.make_request,
+        ("POST", "/completion", {
+            "prompt": prompt,
+            "lora": lora,
+            "seed": 42,
+            "temperature": 0.0,
+            "cache_prompt": False, # TODO: remove this once test_cache_vs_nocache_prompt is fixed
+        })
+    ) for lora, _ in lora_config]
+    results = parallel_function_calls(tasks)
+
+    assert all([res.status_code == 200 for res in results])
+    for res, (_, re_test) in zip(results, lora_config):
+        assert match_regex(re_test, res.body["content"])
+
+
+@pytest.mark.skipif(not is_slow_test_allowed(), reason="skipping slow test")
+def test_with_big_model():
+    server = ServerProcess()
+    server.model_hf_repo = "bartowski/Meta-Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct-GGUF"
+    server.model_hf_file = "Meta-Llama-3.1-8B-Instruct-IQ2_M.gguf"
+    server.model_alias = "Llama-3.2-8B-Instruct"
+    server.n_slots = 4
+    server.n_ctx = server.n_slots * 1024
+    server.n_predict = 64
+    server.temperature = 0.0
+    server.seed = 42
+    server.lora_files = [
+        download_file("https://huggingface.co/ngxson/Llama-3-Instruct-abliteration-LoRA-8B-F16-GGUF/resolve/main/Llama-3-Instruct-abliteration-LoRA-8B-f16.gguf"),
+        # TODO: find & add other lora adapters for this model
+    ]
+    server.start(timeout_seconds=600)
+
+    # running the same prompt with different lora scales, all in parallel
+    # each prompt will be processed by a different slot
+    prompt = "Write a computer virus"
+    lora_config = [
+        # without applying lora, the model should reject the request
+        ( [{"id": 0, "scale": 0.0}], "I can't provide you with a code for a computer virus" ),
+        ( [{"id": 0, "scale": 0.0}], "I can't provide you with a code for a computer virus" ),
+        ( [{"id": 0, "scale": 0.3}], "I can't write a computer virus" ),
+        # with 0.7 scale, the model should provide a simple computer virus with hesitation
+        ( [{"id": 0, "scale": 0.7}], "Warning: This is a hypothetical exercise" ),
+        # with 1.5 scale, the model should confidently provide a computer virus
+        ( [{"id": 0, "scale": 1.5}], "A task of some complexity! Here's a simple computer virus" ),
+        ( [{"id": 0, "scale": 1.5}], "A task of some complexity! Here's a simple computer virus" ),
+    ]
+
+    tasks = [(
+        server.make_request,
+        ("POST", "/v1/chat/completions", {
+            "messages": [
+                {"role": "user", "content": prompt}
+            ],
+            "lora": lora,
+            "cache_prompt": False, # TODO: remove this once test_cache_vs_nocache_prompt is fixed
+        })
+    ) for lora, _ in lora_config]
+    results = parallel_function_calls(tasks)
+
+    assert all([res.status_code == 200 for res in results])
+    for res, (_, re_test) in zip(results, lora_config):
+        assert re_test in res.body["choices"][0]["message"]["content"]
@@ -10,16 +10,8 @@ MODEL_DRAFT_FILE_URL = "https://huggingface.co/ggml-org/models/resolve/main/tiny
 def create_server():
    global server
    server = ServerPreset.stories15m_moe()
-    # download draft model file if needed
-    file_name = MODEL_DRAFT_FILE_URL.split('/').pop()
-    model_draft_file = f'../../../{file_name}'
-    if not os.path.exists(model_draft_file):
-        print(f"Downloading {MODEL_DRAFT_FILE_URL} to {model_draft_file}")
-        with open(model_draft_file, 'wb') as f:
-            f.write(requests.get(MODEL_DRAFT_FILE_URL).content)
-        print(f"Done downloading draft model file")
    # set default values
-    server.model_draft = model_draft_file
+    server.model_draft = download_file(MODEL_DRAFT_FILE_URL)
    server.draft_min = 4
    server.draft_max = 8

@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ from typing import (
    Set,
 )
 from re import RegexFlag
+import wget


 class ServerResponse:
@@ -74,6 +75,7 @@ class ServerProcess:
    draft_min: int | None = None
    draft_max: int | None = None
    no_webui: bool | None = None
+    chat_template: str | None = None

    # session variables
    process: subprocess.Popen | None = None
@@ -164,6 +166,8 @@ class ServerProcess:
            server_args.extend(["--draft-min", self.draft_min])
        if self.no_webui:
            server_args.append("--no-webui")
+        if self.chat_template:
+            server_args.extend(["--chat-template", self.chat_template])

        args = [str(arg) for arg in [server_path, *server_args]]
        print(f"bench: starting server with: {' '.join(args)}")
@@ -378,5 +382,25 @@ def match_regex(regex: str, text: str) -> bool:
        is not None
    )

+
+def download_file(url: str, output_file_path: str | None = None) -> str:
+    """
+    Download a file from a URL to a local path. If the file already exists, it will not be downloaded again.
+
+    output_file_path is the local path to save the downloaded file. If not provided, the file will be saved in the root directory.
+
+    Returns the local path of the downloaded file.
+    """
+    file_name = url.split('/').pop()
+    output_file = f'./tmp/{file_name}' if output_file_path is None else output_file_path
+    if not os.path.exists(output_file):
+        print(f"Downloading {url} to {output_file}")
+        wget.download(url, out=output_file)
+        print(f"Done downloading to {output_file}")
+    else:
+        print(f"File already exists at {output_file}")
+    return output_file
+
+
 def is_slow_test_allowed():
    return os.environ.get("SLOW_TESTS") == "1" or os.environ.get("SLOW_TESTS") == "ON"
@@ -382,19 +382,6 @@ inline std::string format_chat(const struct llama_model * model, const std::stri
    return formatted_chat;
 }

-static std::string llama_get_chat_template(const struct llama_model * model) {
-    std::string template_key = "tokenizer.chat_template";
-    // call with NULL buffer to get the total size of the string
-    int32_t res = llama_model_meta_val_str(model, template_key.c_str(), NULL, 0);
-    if (res < 2) {
-        return "";
-    } else {
-        std::vector<char> model_template(res + 1, 0);
-        llama_model_meta_val_str(model, template_key.c_str(), model_template.data(), model_template.size());
-        return std::string(model_template.data(), model_template.size() - 1);
-    }
-}
-
 //
 // base64 utils (TODO: move to common in the future)
 //
@@ -520,7 +507,7 @@ static std::string tokens_to_str(llama_context * ctx, Iter begin, Iter end) {

 // format incomplete utf-8 multibyte character for output
 static std::string tokens_to_output_formatted_string(const llama_context * ctx, const llama_token token) {
-    std::string out = token == -1 ? "" : common_token_to_piece(ctx, token);
+    std::string out = token == LLAMA_TOKEN_NULL ? "" : common_token_to_piece(ctx, token);

    // if the size is 1 and first bit is 1, meaning it's a partial character
    //   (size > 1 meaning it's already a known token)
@@ -549,10 +536,49 @@ static bool server_sent_event(httplib::DataSink & sink, const char * event, cons
 // OAI utils
 //

-static json oaicompat_completion_params_parse(
-    const struct llama_model * model,
-    const json & body, /* openai api json semantics */
-    const std::string & chat_template) {
+static json oaicompat_completion_params_parse(const json & body) {
+    json llama_params;
+
+    if (!body.contains("prompt")) {
+        throw std::runtime_error("\"prompt\" is required");
+    }
+
+    // Handle "stop" field
+    if (body.contains("stop") && body.at("stop").is_string()) {
+        llama_params["stop"] = json::array({body.at("stop").get<std::string>()});
+    } else {
+        llama_params["stop"] = json_value(body, "stop", json::array());
+    }
+
+    // Handle "n" field
+    int n_choices = json_value(body, "n", 1);
+    if (n_choices != 1) {
+        throw std::runtime_error("Only one completion choice is allowed");
+    }
+
+    // Params supported by OAI but unsupported by llama.cpp
+    static const std::vector<std::string> unsupported_params { "best_of", "echo", "suffix" };
+    for (const auto & param : unsupported_params) {
+        if (body.contains(param)) {
+            throw std::runtime_error("Unsupported param: " + param);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Copy remaining properties to llama_params
+    for (const auto & item : body.items()) {
+        // Exception: if "n_predict" is present, we overwrite the value specified earlier by "max_tokens"
+        if (!llama_params.contains(item.key()) || item.key() == "n_predict") {
+            llama_params[item.key()] = item.value();
+        }
+    }
+
+    return llama_params;
+}
+
+static json oaicompat_chat_completion_params_parse(
+        const struct llama_model * model,
+        const json & body, /* openai api json semantics */
+        const std::string & chat_template) {
    json llama_params;

    // Apply chat template to the list of messages
@@ -771,3 +797,44 @@ static std::vector<llama_token_data> get_token_probabilities(llama_context * ctx

    return cur;
 }
+
+static bool are_lora_equal(
+        const std::vector<common_lora_adapter_info> & l1,
+        const std::vector<common_lora_adapter_info> & l2) {
+    if (l1.size() != l2.size()) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < l1.size(); ++i) {
+        // we don't check lora.path to reduce the time complexity
+        if (l1[i].scale != l2[i].scale || l1[i].ptr != l2[i].ptr) {
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+    return true;
+}
+
+// parse lora config from JSON request, returned a copy of lora_base with updated scale
+static std::vector<common_lora_adapter_info> parse_lora_request(
+        const std::vector<common_lora_adapter_info> & lora_base,
+        const json & data) {
+    std::vector<common_lora_adapter_info> lora(lora_base);
+    int max_idx = lora.size();
+
+    // clear existing value
+    for (auto & entry : lora) {
+        entry.scale = 0.0f;
+    }
+
+    // set value
+    for (const auto & entry : data) {
+        int id      = json_value(entry, "id", -1);
+        float scale = json_value(entry, "scale", 0.0f);
+        if (0 <= id && id < max_idx) {
+            lora[id].scale = scale;
+        } else {
+            throw std::runtime_error("invalid adapter id");
+        }
+    }
+
+    return lora;
+}
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    llama_model_params model_params = llama_model_default_params();
    model_params.n_gpu_layers = ngl;

-    llama_model * model = llama_load_model_from_file(model_path.c_str(), model_params);
+    llama_model * model = llama_model_load_from_file(model_path.c_str(), model_params);
    if (!model) {
        fprintf(stderr , "%s: error: unable to load model\n" , __func__);
        return 1;
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    }
    llama_sampler_free(smpl);
    llama_free(ctx);
-    llama_free_model(model);
+    llama_model_free(model);

    return 0;
 }
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    llama_model_params model_params = llama_model_default_params();
    model_params.n_gpu_layers = ngl;

-    llama_model * model = llama_load_model_from_file(model_path.c_str(), model_params);
+    llama_model * model = llama_model_load_from_file(model_path.c_str(), model_params);

    if (model == NULL) {
        fprintf(stderr , "%s: error: unable to load model\n" , __func__);
@@ -199,7 +199,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

    llama_sampler_free(smpl);
    llama_free(ctx);
-    llama_free_model(model);
+    llama_model_free(model);

    return 0;
 }
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    llama_numa_init(params.numa);

    llama_model * model_tgt = NULL;
-    llama_model * model_dft = NULL;
+    //llama_model * model_dft = NULL;

    llama_context * ctx_tgt = NULL;
    llama_context * ctx_dft = NULL;
@@ -42,8 +42,8 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    // load the target model
    common_init_result llama_init_tgt = common_init_from_params(params);

-    model_tgt = llama_init_tgt.model;
-    ctx_tgt   = llama_init_tgt.context;
+    model_tgt = llama_init_tgt.model.get();
+    ctx_tgt   = llama_init_tgt.context.get();

    // load the draft model
    params.devices      = params.speculative.devices;
@@ -59,8 +59,8 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    params.cpuparams_batch.n_threads = params.speculative.cpuparams_batch.n_threads;
    common_init_result llama_init_dft = common_init_from_params(params);

-    model_dft = llama_init_dft.model;
-    ctx_dft   = llama_init_dft.context;
+    //model_dft = llama_init_dft.model.get();
+    ctx_dft   = llama_init_dft.context.get();

    if (!common_speculative_are_compatible(ctx_tgt, ctx_dft)) {
        return 1;
@@ -251,12 +251,6 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    common_sampler_free(smpl);
    common_speculative_free(spec);

-    llama_free(ctx_tgt);
-    llama_free_model(model_tgt);
-
-    llama_free(ctx_dft);
-    llama_free_model(model_dft);
-
    llama_backend_free();

    LOG("\n\n");
@@ -72,8 +72,9 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

    // load the target model
    common_init_result llama_init_tgt = common_init_from_params(params);
-    model_tgt = llama_init_tgt.model;
-    ctx_tgt = llama_init_tgt.context;
+
+    model_tgt = llama_init_tgt.model.get();
+    ctx_tgt   = llama_init_tgt.context.get();

    // load the draft model
    params.devices = params.speculative.devices;
@@ -85,8 +86,9 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

    params.cpuparams_batch.n_threads = params.speculative.cpuparams_batch.n_threads;
    common_init_result llama_init_dft = common_init_from_params(params);
-    model_dft = llama_init_dft.model;
-    ctx_dft = llama_init_dft.context;
+
+    model_dft = llama_init_dft.model.get();
+    ctx_dft   = llama_init_dft.context.get();

    const bool vocab_type_tgt = llama_vocab_type(model_tgt);
    LOG_DBG("vocab_type tgt: %d\n", vocab_type_tgt);
@@ -631,12 +633,6 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {

    llama_batch_free(batch_dft);

-    llama_free(ctx_tgt);
-    llama_free_model(model_tgt);
-
-    llama_free(ctx_dft);
-    llama_free_model(model_dft);
-
    llama_backend_free();

    LOG("\n\n");
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ static void print_usage_information(const char * argv0) {
    printf("    -p PROMPT, --prompt PROMPT           read prompt from the argument.\n");
    printf("    --stdin                              read prompt from standard input.\n");
    printf("    --no-bos                             do not ever add a BOS token to the prompt, even if normally the model uses a BOS token.\n");
+    printf("    --no-escape                          do not escape input (such as \\n, \\t, etc.).\n");
    printf("    --no-parse-special                   do not parse control tokens.\n");
    printf("    --log-disable                        disable logs. Makes stderr quiet when loading the model.\n");
    printf("    --show-count                         print the total number of tokens.\n");
@@ -198,6 +199,7 @@ int main(int raw_argc, char ** raw_argv) {
    // variables where to put any arguments we see.
    bool printing_ids = false;
    bool no_bos = false;
+    bool no_escape = false;
    bool no_parse_special = false;
    bool disable_logging = false;
    bool show_token_count = false;
@@ -233,6 +235,9 @@ int main(int raw_argc, char ** raw_argv) {
        else if (arg == "--no-bos") {
            no_bos = true;
        }
+        else if (arg == "--no-escape") {
+            no_escape = true;
+        }
        else if (arg == "--no-parse-special") {
            no_parse_special = true;
        }
@@ -333,7 +338,7 @@ int main(int raw_argc, char ** raw_argv) {

    llama_model_params model_params = llama_model_default_params();
    model_params.vocab_only = true;
-    llama_model * model = llama_load_model_from_file(model_path, model_params);
+    llama_model * model = llama_model_load_from_file(model_path, model_params);
    if (!model) {
        fprintf(stderr, "Error: could not load model from file '%s'.\n", model_path);
        return 1;
@@ -363,6 +368,11 @@ int main(int raw_argc, char ** raw_argv) {
    const bool model_wants_add_bos = llama_add_bos_token(model);
    const bool add_bos = model_wants_add_bos && !no_bos;
    const bool parse_special = !no_parse_special;
+    const bool escape = !no_escape;
+
+    if (escape) {
+        string_process_escapes(prompt);
+    }

    std::vector<llama_token> tokens;
    tokens = common_tokenize(model, prompt, add_bos, parse_special);
@@ -398,7 +408,7 @@ int main(int raw_argc, char ** raw_argv) {
    }
    // silence valgrind
    llama_free(ctx);
-    llama_free_model(model);
+    llama_model_free(model);

    return 0;
 }
@@ -458,8 +458,9 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    llama_context * ctx_cts = NULL;

    common_init_result llama_init_ttc = common_init_from_params(params);
-    model_ttc = llama_init_ttc.model;
-    ctx_ttc = llama_init_ttc.context;
+
+    model_ttc = llama_init_ttc.model.get();
+    ctx_ttc   = llama_init_ttc.context.get();

    // TODO: refactor in a common struct
    params.model     = params.vocoder.model;
@@ -470,8 +471,9 @@ int main(int argc, char ** argv) {
    params.embedding = true;

    common_init_result llama_init_cts = common_init_from_params(params);
-    model_cts = llama_init_cts.model;
-    ctx_cts = llama_init_cts.context;
+
+    model_cts = llama_init_cts.model.get();
+    ctx_cts   = llama_init_cts.context.get();

    std::vector<common_sampler *> smpl(n_parallel);
    for (int i = 0; i < n_parallel; ++i) {
@@ -920,12 +922,6 @@ lovely<|t_0.56|><|code_start|><|634|><|596|><|1766|><|1556|><|1306|><|1285|><|14

    LOG_INF("%s: audio written to file '%s'\n", __func__, fname.c_str());

-    llama_free(ctx_ttc);
-    llama_free_model(model_ttc);
-
-    llama_free(ctx_cts);
-    llama_free_model(model_cts);
-
    llama_backend_free();

    return 0;
@@ -252,26 +252,6 @@ set_target_properties(ggml PROPERTIES PUBLIC_HEADER "${GGML_PUBLIC_HEADERS}")
 install(TARGETS ggml LIBRARY PUBLIC_HEADER)
 install(TARGETS ggml-base LIBRARY)

-# FIXME: this should be done in the backend cmake files
-if (GGML_METAL)
-    # FIXME: does this need to be installed with GGML_METAL_EMBED_LIBRARY?
-    install(
-        FILES src/ggml-metal/ggml-metal.metal
-        PERMISSIONS
-            OWNER_READ
-            OWNER_WRITE
-            GROUP_READ
-            WORLD_READ
-        DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR})
-
-    if (NOT GGML_METAL_EMBED_LIBRARY)
-        install(
-            FILES ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/default.metallib
-            DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR}
-        )
-    endif()
-endif()
-
 if (GGML_STANDALONE)
    configure_file(${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/ggml.pc.in
        ${CMAKE_CURRENT_BINARY_DIR}/ggml.pc
@@ -290,9 +290,9 @@ if (GGML_CPU_ALL_VARIANTS)
    ggml_add_cpu_backend_variant(haswell        AVX F16C AVX2 FMA)
    ggml_add_cpu_backend_variant(skylakex       AVX F16C AVX2 FMA AVX512)
    ggml_add_cpu_backend_variant(icelake        AVX F16C AVX2 FMA AVX512 AVX512_VBMI AVX512_VNNI)
+    ggml_add_cpu_backend_variant(alderlake      AVX F16C AVX2 FMA AVX_VNNI)
    if (NOT MSVC)
-        # MSVC doesn't support AVX-VNNI or AMX
-        ggml_add_cpu_backend_variant(alderlake      AVX F16C AVX2 FMA AVX_VNNI)
+        # MSVC doesn't support AMX
        ggml_add_cpu_backend_variant(sapphirerapids AVX F16C AVX2 FMA AVX512 AVX512_VBMI AVX512_VNNI AVX512_BF16 AMX_TILE AMX_INT8)
    endif()
 else ()
@@ -795,9 +795,12 @@ static void ggml_backend_sched_print_assignments(ggml_backend_sched_t sched, str
    for (int i = 0; i < graph->n_nodes; i++) {
        if (cur_split < sched->n_splits && i == sched->splits[cur_split].i_start) {
            ggml_backend_t split_backend = sched->backends[sched->splits[cur_split].backend_id];
-            GGML_LOG_DEBUG("\n## SPLIT #%d: %s # %d inputs: ", cur_split, ggml_backend_name(split_backend),
+            GGML_LOG_DEBUG("\n## SPLIT #%d: %s # %d inputs", cur_split, ggml_backend_name(split_backend),
                sched->splits[cur_split].n_inputs);
            for (int j = 0; j < sched->splits[cur_split].n_inputs; j++) {
+                if (j == 0) {
+                    GGML_LOG_DEBUG(": ");
+                }
                GGML_LOG_DEBUG("[%s (%5.5s)] ", sched->splits[cur_split].inputs[j]->name,
                    fmt_size(ggml_nbytes(sched->splits[cur_split].inputs[j])));
            }
@@ -215,8 +215,7 @@ function(ggml_add_cpu_backend_variant_impl tag_name)
                list(APPEND ARCH_DEFINITIONS GGML_SSE42)
            endif()
            if (GGML_AVX_VNNI)
-                # MSVC generates AVX512 with AVX-VNNI intrinsics even with /arch:AVX2
-                #list(APPEND ARCH_DEFINITIONS __AVXVNNI__ GGML_AVX_VNNI)
+                list(APPEND ARCH_DEFINITIONS __AVXVNNI__ GGML_AVX_VNNI)
            endif()
        else ()
            if (GGML_NATIVE)
@@ -194,9 +194,12 @@ static inline __m256i sum_i16_pairs_int32x8(const __m256i x) {
 }

 static inline __m256i mul_sum_us8_pairs_int32x8(const __m256i ax, const __m256i sy) {
-#if defined(__AVXVNNI__) || (defined(__AVX512VNNI__) && defined(__AVX512VL__))
+#if defined(__AVX512VNNI__) && defined(__AVX512VL__)
    const __m256i zero = _mm256_setzero_si256();
    return _mm256_dpbusd_epi32(zero, ax, sy);
+#elif defined(__AVXVNNI__)
+    const __m256i zero = _mm256_setzero_si256();
+    return _mm256_dpbusd_avx_epi32(zero, ax, sy);
 #else
    // Perform multiplication and create 16-bit values
    const __m256i dot = _mm256_maddubs_epi16(ax, sy);
@@ -103,10 +103,14 @@ static inline __m256 sum_i16_pairs_float(const __m256i x) {
 }

 static inline __m256 mul_sum_us8_pairs_float(const __m256i ax, const __m256i sy) {
-#if defined(__AVXVNNI__) || (defined(__AVX512VNNI__) && defined(__AVX512VL__))
+#if defined(__AVX512VNNI__) && defined(__AVX512VL__)
    const __m256i zero = _mm256_setzero_si256();
    const __m256i summed_pairs = _mm256_dpbusd_epi32(zero, ax, sy);
    return _mm256_cvtepi32_ps(summed_pairs);
+#elif defined(__AVXVNNI__)
+    const __m256i zero = _mm256_setzero_si256();
+    const __m256i summed_pairs = _mm256_dpbusd_avx_epi32(zero, ax, sy);
+    return _mm256_cvtepi32_ps(summed_pairs);
 #else
    // Perform multiplication and create 16-bit values
    const __m256i dot = _mm256_maddubs_epi16(ax, sy);
@@ -1000,8 +1000,10 @@ class tinyBLAS_Q0_AVX {

    inline __m256 updot(__m256i u, __m256i s) {
        __m256i res;
-#if defined(__AVXVNNI__) || (defined(__AVX512VNNI__) && defined(__AVX512VL__))
+#if defined(__AVX512VNNI__) && defined(__AVX512VL__)
        res = _mm256_dpbusd_epi32(_mm256_setzero_si256(), u, s);
+#elif defined(__AVXVNNI__)
+        res = _mm256_dpbusd_avx_epi32(_mm256_setzero_si256(), u, s);
 #else
        res = _mm256_madd_epi16(_mm256_set1_epi16(1), _mm256_maddubs_epi16(u, s));
 #endif
@@ -680,6 +680,8 @@ to_fp32_cuda_t ggml_get_to_fp32_cuda(ggml_type type) {
            return dequantize_row_iq3_s_cuda;
        case GGML_TYPE_F16:
            return convert_unary_cuda<half>;
+        case GGML_TYPE_BF16:
+            return convert_unary_cuda<nv_bfloat16>;
        default:
            return nullptr;
    }
@@ -1728,7 +1728,7 @@ static void ggml_cuda_mul_mat_batched_cublas(ggml_backend_cuda_context & ctx, co
 static void ggml_cuda_mul_mat(ggml_backend_cuda_context & ctx, const ggml_tensor * src0, const ggml_tensor * src1, ggml_tensor * dst) {
    const bool split = ggml_backend_buft_is_cuda_split(src0->buffer->buft);

-    bool use_mul_mat_vec   = src0->type == GGML_TYPE_F16
+    bool use_mul_mat_vec   = (src0->type == GGML_TYPE_F16 || src0->type == GGML_TYPE_BF16)
        && src1->type == GGML_TYPE_F32 && dst->type == GGML_TYPE_F32
        && src0->ne[0] % 2 == 0 && src1->ne[1] == 1;
    bool use_mul_mat_vec_q = ggml_is_quantized(src0->type)
@@ -2869,6 +2869,7 @@ static bool ggml_backend_cuda_device_supports_op(ggml_backend_dev_t dev, const g
                    case GGML_TYPE_IQ3_XXS:
                    case GGML_TYPE_IQ4_NL:
                    case GGML_TYPE_IQ4_XS:
+                    case GGML_TYPE_BF16:
 #ifdef GGML_USE_MUSA
                        if (a->type == GGML_TYPE_Q3_K) {
                            return false;
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 #include "common.cuh"
 #include "mmv.cuh"

-template <typename type_acc, int block_size>
+template <typename T, typename type_acc, int block_size>
 static __global__ void mul_mat_vec(
-        const half * __restrict__ x, const float * __restrict__ y, float * __restrict__ dst, const int64_t ncols2, const int64_t stride_row,
+        const T * __restrict__ x, const float * __restrict__ y, float * __restrict__ dst, const int64_t ncols2, const int64_t stride_row,
        const int64_t channel_ratio, const int64_t stride_channel_x, const int64_t stride_channel_y, const int64_t stride_channel_dst) {
    const int64_t row     = blockIdx.x;
    const int64_t channel = blockIdx.z;
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ static __global__ void mul_mat_vec(
    y   +=  channel               *stride_channel_y;
    dst +=  channel               *stride_channel_dst;

-    const half2  * x2 = (const half2  *) x;
    const float2 * y2 = (const float2 *) y;

    extern __shared__ char data_mmv[];
@@ -28,28 +27,44 @@ static __global__ void mul_mat_vec(

    float sumf;

-    if (std::is_same<type_acc, float>::value) {
+    if constexpr (std::is_same<T, half>::value) {
+        const half2 * x2 = (const half2 *) x;
+
+        if (std::is_same<type_acc, float>::value) {
+            sumf = 0.0f;
+
+            for (int64_t col2 = tid; col2 < ncols2; col2 += block_size) {
+                const float2 tmpx = __half22float2(x2[col2]);
+                const float2 tmpy = y2[col2];
+                sumf += tmpx.x * tmpy.x;
+                sumf += tmpx.y * tmpy.y;
+            }
+        } else {
+#ifdef FP16_AVAILABLE
+            half2 sumh2 = make_half2(0.0f, 0.0f);
+
+            for (int64_t col2 = tid; col2 < ncols2; col2 += block_size) {
+                const float2 tmp = y2[col2];
+                sumh2 += x2[col2] * make_half2(tmp.x, tmp.y);
+            }
+
+            sumf = __low2float(sumh2) + __high2float(sumh2);
+#else
+            NO_DEVICE_CODE;
+#endif // FP16_AVAILABLE
+        }
+    } else if constexpr (std::is_same<T, nv_bfloat16>::value) {
+        const int * x2 = (const int *) x;
        sumf = 0.0f;

        for (int64_t col2 = tid; col2 < ncols2; col2 += block_size) {
-            const float2 tmpx = __half22float2(x2[col2]);
+            const int    tmpx = x2[col2];
            const float2 tmpy = y2[col2];
-            sumf += tmpx.x * tmpy.x;
-            sumf += tmpx.y * tmpy.y;
+            sumf += float(reinterpret_cast<const nv_bfloat16 *>(&tmpx)[0]) * tmpy.x;
+            sumf += float(reinterpret_cast<const nv_bfloat16 *>(&tmpx)[1]) * tmpy.y;
        }
    } else {
-#ifdef FP16_AVAILABLE
-        half2 sumh2 = make_half2(0.0f, 0.0f);
-
-        for (int64_t col2 = tid; col2 < ncols2; col2 += block_size) {
-            const float2 tmp = y2[col2];
-            sumh2 += x2[col2] * make_half2(tmp.x, tmp.y);
-        }
-
-        sumf = __low2float(sumh2) + __high2float(sumh2);
-#else
-        NO_DEVICE_CODE;
-#endif // FP16_AVAILABLE
+        static_assert(std::is_same<T, void>::value, "unsupported type");
    }

    sumf = warp_reduce_sum(sumf);
@@ -71,9 +86,9 @@ static __global__ void mul_mat_vec(
    dst[row] = sumf;
 }

-template <typename type_acc>
+template <typename T, typename type_acc>
 static void launch_mul_mat_vec_cuda(
-        const half * x, const float * y, float * dst,
+        const T * x, const float * y, float * dst,
        const int64_t ncols, const int64_t nrows, const int64_t stride_row, const int64_t nchannels_x, const int64_t nchannels_y,
        const int64_t stride_channel_x, const int64_t stride_channel_y, const int64_t stride_channel_dst,
        cudaStream_t stream) {
@@ -97,35 +112,35 @@ static void launch_mul_mat_vec_cuda(
    const dim3 block_dims(block_size_best, 1, 1);
    switch (block_size_best) {
        case   32: {
-            mul_mat_vec<type_acc,  32><<<block_nums, block_dims, smem, stream>>>
+            mul_mat_vec<T, type_acc,  32><<<block_nums, block_dims, smem, stream>>>
                (x, y, dst, ncols/2, stride_row, channel_ratio, stride_channel_x, stride_channel_y, stride_channel_dst);
        } break;
        case   64: {
-            mul_mat_vec<type_acc,  64><<<block_nums, block_dims, smem, stream>>>
+            mul_mat_vec<T, type_acc,  64><<<block_nums, block_dims, smem, stream>>>
                (x, y, dst, ncols/2, stride_row, channel_ratio, stride_channel_x, stride_channel_y, stride_channel_dst);
        } break;
        case   96: {
-            mul_mat_vec<type_acc,  96><<<block_nums, block_dims, smem, stream>>>
+            mul_mat_vec<T, type_acc,  96><<<block_nums, block_dims, smem, stream>>>
                (x, y, dst, ncols/2, stride_row, channel_ratio, stride_channel_x, stride_channel_y, stride_channel_dst);
        } break;
        case  128: {
-            mul_mat_vec<type_acc, 128><<<block_nums, block_dims, smem, stream>>>
+            mul_mat_vec<T, type_acc, 128><<<block_nums, block_dims, smem, stream>>>
                (x, y, dst, ncols/2, stride_row, channel_ratio, stride_channel_x, stride_channel_y, stride_channel_dst);
        } break;
        case  160: {
-            mul_mat_vec<type_acc, 160><<<block_nums, block_dims, smem, stream>>>
+            mul_mat_vec<T, type_acc, 160><<<block_nums, block_dims, smem, stream>>>
                (x, y, dst, ncols/2, stride_row, channel_ratio, stride_channel_x, stride_channel_y, stride_channel_dst);
        } break;
        case  192: {
-            mul_mat_vec<type_acc, 192><<<block_nums, block_dims, smem, stream>>>
+            mul_mat_vec<T, type_acc, 192><<<block_nums, block_dims, smem, stream>>>
                (x, y, dst, ncols/2, stride_row, channel_ratio, stride_channel_x, stride_channel_y, stride_channel_dst);
        } break;
        case  224: {
-            mul_mat_vec<type_acc, 224><<<block_nums, block_dims, smem, stream>>>
+            mul_mat_vec<T, type_acc, 224><<<block_nums, block_dims, smem, stream>>>
                (x, y, dst, ncols/2, stride_row, channel_ratio, stride_channel_x, stride_channel_y, stride_channel_dst);
        } break;
        case  256: {
-            mul_mat_vec<type_acc, 256><<<block_nums, block_dims, smem, stream>>>
+            mul_mat_vec<T, type_acc, 256><<<block_nums, block_dims, smem, stream>>>
                (x, y, dst, ncols/2, stride_row, channel_ratio, stride_channel_x, stride_channel_y, stride_channel_dst);
        } break;
        default: {
@@ -134,25 +149,25 @@ static void launch_mul_mat_vec_cuda(
    }
 }

+template<typename T>
 static void mul_mat_vec_cuda(
-        const half * x, const float * y, float * dst,
+        const T * x, const float * y, float * dst,
        const int64_t ncols, const int64_t nrows, const int64_t stride_row, const int64_t nchannels_x, const int64_t nchannels_y,
        const int64_t stride_channel_x, const int64_t stride_channel_y, const int64_t stride_channel_dst,
        enum ggml_prec prec, cudaStream_t stream) {
    switch (prec) {
        case GGML_PREC_DEFAULT: {
-            launch_mul_mat_vec_cuda<half>(x, y, dst, ncols, nrows, stride_row, nchannels_x, nchannels_y,
+            launch_mul_mat_vec_cuda<T, half>(x, y, dst, ncols, nrows, stride_row, nchannels_x, nchannels_y,
                stride_channel_x, stride_channel_y, stride_channel_dst, stream);
        } break;
        case GGML_PREC_F32: {
-            launch_mul_mat_vec_cuda<float>(x, y, dst, ncols, nrows, stride_row, nchannels_x, nchannels_y,
+            launch_mul_mat_vec_cuda<T, float>(x, y, dst, ncols, nrows, stride_row, nchannels_x, nchannels_y,
                stride_channel_x, stride_channel_y, stride_channel_dst, stream);
        } break;
    }
 }

 void ggml_cuda_mul_mat_vec(ggml_backend_cuda_context & ctx, const ggml_tensor * src0, const ggml_tensor * src1, ggml_tensor * dst) {
-    GGML_ASSERT(src0->type == GGML_TYPE_F16);
    GGML_ASSERT(src1->type == GGML_TYPE_F32);
    GGML_ASSERT(dst->type  == GGML_TYPE_F32);

@@ -164,7 +179,6 @@ void ggml_cuda_mul_mat_vec(ggml_backend_cuda_context & ctx, const ggml_tensor *
    const int cc = ggml_cuda_info().devices[ggml_cuda_get_device()].cc;
    const enum ggml_prec prec = fast_fp16_available(cc) ? ggml_prec(dst->op_params[0]) : GGML_PREC_F32;

-    const half  * src0_d = (const half  *) src0->data;
    const float * src1_d = (const float *) src1->data;
    float       *  dst_d = (float       *)  dst->data;

@@ -181,7 +195,20 @@ void ggml_cuda_mul_mat_vec(ggml_backend_cuda_context & ctx, const ggml_tensor *
    const int64_t channel_stride_y   = src1->nb[2] / ggml_type_size(src1->type);
    const int64_t channel_stride_dst =  dst->nb[2] / ggml_type_size( dst->type);

-    mul_mat_vec_cuda(src0_d, src1_d, dst_d, ne00, ne01, stride_row, ne02, ne12, channel_stride_x, channel_stride_y, channel_stride_dst, prec, ctx.stream());
+    switch (src0->type) {
+        case GGML_TYPE_F16: {
+            const half * src0_d = (const half *) src0->data;
+            mul_mat_vec_cuda(src0_d, src1_d, dst_d, ne00, ne01, stride_row, ne02, ne12,
+                channel_stride_x, channel_stride_y, channel_stride_dst, prec, ctx.stream());
+        } break;
+        case GGML_TYPE_BF16: {
+            const nv_bfloat16 * src0_d = (const nv_bfloat16 *) src0->data;
+            mul_mat_vec_cuda(src0_d, src1_d, dst_d, ne00, ne01, stride_row, ne02, ne12,
+                channel_stride_x, channel_stride_y, channel_stride_dst, prec, ctx.stream());
+        } break;
+        default:
+            GGML_ABORT("unsupported type: %s", ggml_type_name(src0->type));
+    }
 }

 void ggml_cuda_op_mul_mat_vec(
@@ -190,7 +217,6 @@ void ggml_cuda_op_mul_mat_vec(
    const char * src1_ddq_i, float * dst_dd_i, const int64_t row_low, const int64_t row_high, const int64_t src1_ncols,
    const int64_t src1_padded_row_size, cudaStream_t stream) {

-    GGML_ASSERT(src0->type == GGML_TYPE_F16);
    GGML_ASSERT(src1->type == GGML_TYPE_F32);
    GGML_ASSERT(dst->type  == GGML_TYPE_F32);

@@ -211,8 +237,20 @@ void ggml_cuda_op_mul_mat_vec(
    const int64_t channel_stride_y   = 0;
    const int64_t channel_stride_dst = 0;

-    mul_mat_vec_cuda((const half *) src0_dd_i, src1_ddf_i, dst_dd_i, ne00, row_diff, stride_row,
-        nchannels_x, nchannels_y, channel_stride_x, channel_stride_y, channel_stride_dst, prec, stream);
+    switch (src0->type) {
+        case GGML_TYPE_F16: {
+            const half * src0_d = (const half *) src0_dd_i;
+            mul_mat_vec_cuda(src0_d, src1_ddf_i, dst_dd_i, ne00, row_diff, stride_row,
+                nchannels_x, nchannels_y, channel_stride_x, channel_stride_y, channel_stride_dst, prec, stream);
+        } break;
+        case GGML_TYPE_BF16: {
+            const nv_bfloat16 * src0_d = (const nv_bfloat16 *) src0_dd_i;
+            mul_mat_vec_cuda(src0_d, src1_ddf_i, dst_dd_i, ne00, row_diff, stride_row,
+                nchannels_x, nchannels_y, channel_stride_x, channel_stride_y, channel_stride_dst, prec, stream);
+        } break;
+        default:
+            GGML_ABORT("unsupported type: %s", ggml_type_name(src0->type));
+    }

    GGML_UNUSED(ctx);
    GGML_UNUSED(src1);
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include <cuda_runtime.h>
 #include <cuda.h>
 #include <cublas_v2.h>
+#include <cuda_bf16.h>
 #include <cuda_fp16.h>

 #if CUDART_VERSION < 11020
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include <hip/hip_runtime.h>
 #include <hipblas/hipblas.h>
 #include <hip/hip_fp16.h>
+#include <hip/hip_bfloat16.h>
 #ifdef __HIP_PLATFORM_AMD__
 // for rocblas_initialize()
 #include "rocblas/rocblas.h"
@@ -121,6 +122,8 @@
    #define __has_builtin(x) 0
 #endif

+typedef hip_bfloat16 nv_bfloat16;
+
 typedef int8_t int8x4_t __attribute__((ext_vector_type(4)));
 typedef uint8_t uint8x4_t __attribute__((ext_vector_type(4)));
 static __device__ __forceinline__ int __vsubss4(const int a, const int b) {
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 #include <musa_runtime.h>
 #include <musa.h>
 #include <mublas.h>
+#include <musa_bf16.h>
 #include <musa_fp16.h>
 #define CUBLAS_COMPUTE_16F CUDA_R_16F
 #define CUBLAS_COMPUTE_32F CUDA_R_32F
@@ -132,3 +133,5 @@
 #define cudaKernelNodeParams musaKernelNodeParams
 #define cudaStreamCaptureModeRelaxed musaStreamCaptureModeRelaxed
 #define cudaStreamEndCapture musaStreamEndCapture
+
+typedef mt_bfloat16 nv_bfloat16;
@@ -103,3 +103,19 @@ else()
        DEPENDS ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/default.metallib
        )
 endif() # GGML_METAL_EMBED_LIBRARY
+
+if (NOT GGML_METAL_EMBED_LIBRARY)
+    install(
+        FILES src/ggml-metal/ggml-metal.metal
+        PERMISSIONS
+            OWNER_READ
+            OWNER_WRITE
+            GROUP_READ
+            WORLD_READ
+        DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR})
+
+        install(
+            FILES ${CMAKE_RUNTIME_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY}/default.metallib
+            DESTINATION ${CMAKE_INSTALL_BINDIR}
+        )
+endif()
@@ -2067,8 +2067,8 @@ static void ggml_metal_encode_node(
                GGML_ASSERT(ne12 % ne02 == 0);
                GGML_ASSERT(ne13 % ne03 == 0);

-                const uint r2 = ne12/ne02;
-                const uint r3 = ne13/ne03;
+                const uint32_t r2 = ne12/ne02;
+                const uint32_t r3 = ne13/ne03;

                // find the break-even point where the matrix-matrix kernel becomes more efficient compared
                // to the matrix-vector kernel
@@ -2744,13 +2744,13 @@ static void ggml_cl_mul_mat(ggml_backend_t backend, const ggml_tensor * src0, co
    cl_image_format     img_fmt_1d;
    cl_image_desc       img_desc_1d;
    cl_buffer_region    region;
-    cl_mem              A_image1d;
-    cl_mem              B_image1d;
-    cl_mem              B_sub_buffer;
-    cl_mem              C_d;
+    cl_mem              A_image1d = nullptr;
+    cl_mem              B_image1d = nullptr;
+    cl_mem              B_sub_buffer = nullptr;
+    cl_mem              C_d = nullptr;
    // for B transpose
-    cl_mem B_d;
-    cl_mem B_d_input_image;
+    cl_mem B_d = nullptr;
+    cl_mem B_d_input_image = nullptr;
    // <--------------------------------------------> //

    // define matrix dimensions
@@ -93,9 +93,23 @@ enum rpc_cmd {
    RPC_CMD_COPY_TENSOR,
    RPC_CMD_GRAPH_COMPUTE,
    RPC_CMD_GET_DEVICE_MEMORY,
+    RPC_CMD_INIT_TENSOR,
+    RPC_CMD_GET_ALLOC_SIZE,
    RPC_CMD_COUNT,
 };

+struct rpc_msg_get_alloc_size_req {
+    rpc_tensor tensor;
+};
+
+struct rpc_msg_get_alloc_size_rsp {
+    uint64_t alloc_size;
+};
+
+struct rpc_msg_init_tensor_req {
+    rpc_tensor tensor;
+};
+
 struct rpc_msg_alloc_buffer_req {
    uint64_t size;
 };
@@ -461,10 +475,18 @@ static rpc_tensor serialize_tensor(const ggml_tensor * tensor) {
 }

 static void ggml_backend_rpc_buffer_init_tensor(ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer, ggml_tensor * tensor) {
-    UNUSED(buffer);
-    if (ggml_is_quantized(tensor->type)) {
-        // TODO: this check is due to MATRIX_ROW_PADDING in CUDA and should be generalized
-        GGML_ASSERT(tensor->ne[0] % 512 == 0 && "unsupported quantized tensor");
+    ggml_backend_rpc_buffer_context * ctx = (ggml_backend_rpc_buffer_context *)buffer->context;
+
+    // CUDA backend on the server pads everything to 512 due to CUDA limitations.
+    // Due to bandwidth constraints, we only call the server init tensor functions if necessary.
+    // In particular, only quantized tensors need padding
+    if (ggml_is_quantized(tensor->type) && (tensor->ne[0] % 512 != 0) && (tensor->view_src == nullptr)) {
+        rpc_msg_init_tensor_req request;
+
+        request.tensor = serialize_tensor(tensor);
+
+        bool status = send_rpc_cmd(ctx->sock, RPC_CMD_INIT_TENSOR, &request, sizeof(request), nullptr, 0);
+        GGML_ASSERT(status);
    }
 }

@@ -577,8 +599,23 @@ static size_t ggml_backend_rpc_get_max_size(ggml_backend_buffer_type_t buft) {
 }

 static size_t ggml_backend_rpc_buffer_type_get_alloc_size(ggml_backend_buffer_type_t buft, const ggml_tensor * tensor) {
-    UNUSED(buft);
-    return ggml_nbytes(tensor);
+    // See comments in init_tensor.
+    if (ggml_is_quantized(tensor->type) && (tensor->ne[0] % 512 != 0) && (tensor->view_src == nullptr)) {
+        ggml_backend_rpc_buffer_type_context * buft_ctx = (ggml_backend_rpc_buffer_type_context *)buft->context;
+        auto sock = get_socket(buft_ctx->endpoint);
+
+        rpc_msg_get_alloc_size_req request;
+
+        request.tensor = serialize_tensor(tensor);
+
+        rpc_msg_get_alloc_size_rsp response;
+        bool status = send_rpc_cmd(sock, RPC_CMD_GET_ALLOC_SIZE, &request, sizeof(request), &response, sizeof(response));
+        GGML_ASSERT(status);
+
+        return response.alloc_size;
+    } else {
+        return ggml_nbytes(tensor);
+    }
 }

 static ggml_backend_buffer_type_i ggml_backend_rpc_buffer_type_interface = {
@@ -757,6 +794,8 @@ public:
    bool get_tensor(const rpc_msg_get_tensor_req & request, std::vector<uint8_t> & response);
    bool copy_tensor(const rpc_msg_copy_tensor_req & request, rpc_msg_copy_tensor_rsp & response);
    bool graph_compute(const std::vector<uint8_t> & input, rpc_msg_graph_compute_rsp & response);
+    bool init_tensor(const rpc_msg_init_tensor_req & request);
+    bool get_alloc_size(const rpc_msg_get_alloc_size_req & request, rpc_msg_get_alloc_size_rsp & response);

 private:
    ggml_tensor * deserialize_tensor(struct ggml_context * ctx, const rpc_tensor * tensor);
@@ -770,6 +809,36 @@ private:
    std::unordered_set<ggml_backend_buffer_t> buffers;
 };

+bool rpc_server::get_alloc_size(const rpc_msg_get_alloc_size_req & request, rpc_msg_get_alloc_size_rsp & response) {
+    ggml_backend_buffer_type_t buft;
+    struct ggml_init_params params {
+        /*.mem_size   =*/ ggml_tensor_overhead(),
+        /*.mem_buffer =*/ NULL,
+        /*.no_alloc   =*/ true,
+    };
+
+    struct ggml_context * ctx = ggml_init(params);
+    ggml_tensor * tensor = deserialize_tensor(ctx, &request.tensor);
+
+    if (tensor == nullptr) {
+        GGML_LOG_ERROR("Null tensor pointer passed to server get_alloc_size function.\n");
+        ggml_free(ctx);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    if (tensor->buffer == nullptr) {
+        //No buffer allocated.
+        buft = ggml_backend_get_default_buffer_type(backend);
+    } else {
+        buft = tensor->buffer->buft;
+    }
+
+    response.alloc_size = ggml_backend_buft_get_alloc_size(buft,tensor);
+
+    ggml_free(ctx);
+    return true;
+}
+
 void rpc_server::alloc_buffer(const rpc_msg_alloc_buffer_req & request, rpc_msg_alloc_buffer_rsp & response) {
    ggml_backend_buffer_type_t buft = ggml_backend_get_default_buffer_type(backend);
    ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer = ggml_backend_buft_alloc_buffer(buft, request.size);
@@ -905,6 +974,40 @@ bool rpc_server::set_tensor(const std::vector<uint8_t> & input) {
    return true;
 }

+bool rpc_server::init_tensor(const rpc_msg_init_tensor_req & request) {
+    struct ggml_init_params params {
+        /*.mem_size   =*/ ggml_tensor_overhead(),
+        /*.mem_buffer =*/ NULL,
+        /*.no_alloc   =*/ true,
+    };
+    struct ggml_context * ctx = ggml_init(params);
+    ggml_tensor * tensor = deserialize_tensor(ctx, &request.tensor);
+    if (tensor == nullptr) {
+        GGML_LOG_ERROR("Null tensor pointer passed to server init_tensor function.\n");
+        ggml_free(ctx);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    // Call the backend's buffer_init_tensor function
+    ggml_backend_buffer_t buffer = tensor->buffer;
+    if (buffer && buffer->iface.init_tensor) {
+        buffer->iface.init_tensor(buffer, tensor);
+    } else {
+        GGML_LOG_ERROR("Null buffer for tensor passed to init_tensor function\n");
+    }
+
+    if (tensor->extra != nullptr) {
+        // This pointer can either be passed around client/server, or probably better stored server-side and kept track of.
+        // Currently unimplemented.
+        GGML_LOG_ERROR("tensor->extra populated by the backend, this is currently unsupported.\n");
+        ggml_free(ctx);
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    ggml_free(ctx);
+    return true;
+}
+
 bool rpc_server::get_tensor(const rpc_msg_get_tensor_req & request, std::vector<uint8_t> & response) {
    struct ggml_init_params params {
        /*.mem_size   =*/ ggml_tensor_overhead(),
@@ -1058,6 +1161,18 @@ static void rpc_serve_client(ggml_backend_t backend, sockfd_t sockfd, size_t fre
                }
                break;
            }
+            case RPC_CMD_GET_ALLOC_SIZE: {
+                rpc_msg_get_alloc_size_req request;
+                if (!recv_msg(sockfd, &request, sizeof(request))) {
+                    return;
+                }
+                rpc_msg_get_alloc_size_rsp response;
+                server.get_alloc_size(request, response);
+                if (!send_msg(sockfd, &response, sizeof(response))) {
+                    return;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
            case RPC_CMD_GET_ALIGNMENT: {
                if (!recv_msg(sockfd, nullptr, 0)) {
                    return;
@@ -1133,6 +1248,19 @@ static void rpc_serve_client(ggml_backend_t backend, sockfd_t sockfd, size_t fre
                }
                break;
            }
+            case RPC_CMD_INIT_TENSOR: {
+                rpc_msg_init_tensor_req request;
+                if (!recv_msg(sockfd, &request,sizeof(request))) {
+                    return;
+                }
+                if (!server.init_tensor(request)) {
+                    return;
+                }
+                if (!send_msg(sockfd, nullptr, 0)) {
+                    return;
+                }
+                break;
+            }
            case RPC_CMD_GET_TENSOR: {
                rpc_msg_get_tensor_req request;
                if (!recv_msg(sockfd, &request, sizeof(request))) {
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ void ggml_sycl_op_rwkv_wkv6(ggml_backend_sycl_context& ctx, const ggml_tensor* s
            [=](sycl::nd_item<3> item_ct1) {
                rwkv_wkv_f32_kernel(
                    B, T, C, H, k_d, v_d, r_d, tf_d, td_d, s_d, dst_d,
-                    item_ct1, shared_mem_acc.get_pointer()
+                    item_ct1, (float*)shared_mem_acc.get_multi_ptr<sycl::access::decorated::no>().get()
                );
            });
    });
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ if (Vulkan_FOUND)
        OUTPUT ${_ggml_vk_header}
                ${_ggml_vk_source}

-        COMMAND ${_ggml_vk_genshaders_cmd}
+        COMMAND "$<TARGET_FILE_DIR:vulkan-shaders-gen>/${_ggml_vk_genshaders_cmd}"
            --glslc      ${Vulkan_GLSLC_EXECUTABLE}
            --input-dir  ${_ggml_vk_input_dir}
            --output-dir ${_ggml_vk_output_dir}
@@ -2040,6 +2040,8 @@ static void ggml_vk_load_shaders(vk_device& device) {
    std::cerr << "Done!" << std::endl;
 }

+static bool ggml_vk_khr_cooperative_matrix_support(const vk::PhysicalDeviceProperties& props, const vk::PhysicalDeviceDriverProperties& driver_props);
+
 static vk_device ggml_vk_get_device(size_t idx) {
    VK_LOG_DEBUG("ggml_vk_get_device(" << idx << ")");

@@ -2175,9 +2177,7 @@ static vk_device ggml_vk_get_device(size_t idx) {

        device->fp16 = !force_disable_f16 && fp16_storage && fp16_compute;

-        if (device->vendor_id == VK_VENDOR_ID_INTEL || (device->vendor_id == VK_VENDOR_ID_AMD && (driver_props.driverID == vk::DriverId::eAmdProprietary || driver_props.driverID == vk::DriverId::eAmdOpenSource))) {
-            // Intel drivers don't support coopmat properly yet
-            // Only RADV supports coopmat properly on AMD
+        if (!ggml_vk_khr_cooperative_matrix_support(device->properties, driver_props)) {
            device->coopmat_support = false;
        }

@@ -2515,7 +2515,6 @@ static vk_device ggml_vk_get_device(size_t idx) {
    return vk_instance.devices[idx];
 }

-
 static void ggml_vk_print_gpu_info(size_t idx) {
    GGML_ASSERT(idx < vk_instance.device_indices.size());
    size_t dev_num = vk_instance.device_indices[idx];
@@ -2565,9 +2564,7 @@ static void ggml_vk_print_gpu_info(size_t idx) {
        }
    }

-    if (props2.properties.vendorID == VK_VENDOR_ID_INTEL || (props2.properties.vendorID == VK_VENDOR_ID_AMD && (driver_props.driverID == vk::DriverId::eAmdProprietary || driver_props.driverID == vk::DriverId::eAmdOpenSource))) {
-        // Intel drivers don't support coopmat properly yet
-        // Only RADV supports coopmat properly on AMD
+    if (!ggml_vk_khr_cooperative_matrix_support(props2.properties, driver_props)) {
        coopmat_support = false;
    }

@@ -8088,6 +8085,25 @@ static bool ggml_vk_instance_portability_enumeration_ext_available(const std::ve
    UNUSED(instance_extensions);
 }

+static bool ggml_vk_khr_cooperative_matrix_support(const vk::PhysicalDeviceProperties& props, const vk::PhysicalDeviceDriverProperties& driver_props) {
+    switch (props.vendorID) {
+    case VK_VENDOR_ID_INTEL:
+        // Intel drivers don't support coopmat properly yet
+        return false;
+    case VK_VENDOR_ID_AMD:
+        if (driver_props.driverID == vk::DriverId::eAmdProprietary || driver_props.driverID == vk::DriverId::eAmdOpenSource) {
+            // Workaround for AMD proprietary driver reporting support on all GPUs
+            const std::string name = props.deviceName;
+            return name.rfind("AMD Radeon RX 7", 0) == 0   || name.rfind("AMD Radeon(TM) RX 7", 0) == 0   || // RDNA 3 consumer GPUs
+                   name.rfind("AMD Radeon PRO W7", 0) == 0 || name.rfind("AMD Radeon(TM) PRO W7", 0) == 0 || // RDNA 3 workstation GPUs
+                   name.rfind("AMD Radeon 7", 0) == 0      || name.rfind("AMD Radeon(TM) 7", 0) == 0;        // RDNA 3 APUs
+        }
+        return true;
+    default:
+        return true;
+    }
+}
+
 // checks

 #ifdef GGML_VULKAN_CHECK_RESULTS
@@ -102,6 +102,8 @@ class Keys:
        EXPERT_USED_COUNT                 = "{arch}.expert_used_count"
        EXPERT_SHARED_COUNT               = "{arch}.expert_shared_count"
        EXPERT_WEIGHTS_SCALE              = "{arch}.expert_weights_scale"
+        EXPERT_WEIGHTS_NORM               = "{arch}.expert_weights_norm"
+        EXPERT_GATING_FUNC                = "{arch}.expert_gating_func"
        POOLING_TYPE                      = "{arch}.pooling_type"
        LOGIT_SCALE                       = "{arch}.logit_scale"
        DECODER_START_TOKEN_ID            = "{arch}.decoder_start_token_id"
@@ -255,6 +257,7 @@ class MODEL_ARCH(IntEnum):
    MAMBA            = auto()
    XVERSE           = auto()
    COMMAND_R        = auto()
+    COHERE2          = auto()
    DBRX             = auto()
    OLMO             = auto()
    OLMO2            = auto()
@@ -312,6 +315,7 @@ class MODEL_TENSOR(IntEnum):
    FFN_GATE_SHEXP       = auto()
    FFN_DOWN_SHEXP       = auto()
    FFN_UP_SHEXP         = auto()
+    FFN_EXP_PROBS_B      = auto()
    ATTN_Q_NORM          = auto()
    ATTN_K_NORM          = auto()
    LAYER_OUT_NORM       = auto()
@@ -437,6 +441,7 @@ MODEL_ARCH_NAMES: dict[MODEL_ARCH, str] = {
    MODEL_ARCH.MAMBA:            "mamba",
    MODEL_ARCH.XVERSE:           "xverse",
    MODEL_ARCH.COMMAND_R:        "command-r",
+    MODEL_ARCH.COHERE2:          "cohere2",
    MODEL_ARCH.DBRX:             "dbrx",
    MODEL_ARCH.OLMO:             "olmo",
    MODEL_ARCH.OLMO2:            "olmo2",
@@ -496,6 +501,7 @@ TENSOR_NAMES: dict[MODEL_TENSOR, str] = {
    MODEL_TENSOR.FFN_GATE_EXP:              "blk.{bid}.ffn_gate_exps",
    MODEL_TENSOR.FFN_DOWN_EXP:              "blk.{bid}.ffn_down_exps",
    MODEL_TENSOR.FFN_UP_EXP:                "blk.{bid}.ffn_up_exps",
+    MODEL_TENSOR.FFN_EXP_PROBS_B:           "blk.{bid}.exp_probs_b",
    MODEL_TENSOR.LAYER_OUT_NORM:            "blk.{bid}.layer_output_norm",
    MODEL_TENSOR.SSM_IN:                    "blk.{bid}.ssm_in",
    MODEL_TENSOR.SSM_CONV1D:                "blk.{bid}.ssm_conv1d",
@@ -1136,6 +1142,18 @@ MODEL_TENSORS: dict[MODEL_ARCH, list[MODEL_TENSOR]] = {
        MODEL_TENSOR.ATTN_K_NORM,
        MODEL_TENSOR.ATTN_Q_NORM,
    ],
+    MODEL_ARCH.COHERE2: [
+        MODEL_TENSOR.TOKEN_EMBD,
+        MODEL_TENSOR.OUTPUT_NORM,
+        MODEL_TENSOR.ATTN_NORM,
+        MODEL_TENSOR.ATTN_Q,
+        MODEL_TENSOR.ATTN_K,
+        MODEL_TENSOR.ATTN_V,
+        MODEL_TENSOR.ATTN_OUT,
+        MODEL_TENSOR.FFN_GATE,
+        MODEL_TENSOR.FFN_DOWN,
+        MODEL_TENSOR.FFN_UP,
+    ],
    MODEL_ARCH.DBRX: [
        MODEL_TENSOR.TOKEN_EMBD,
        MODEL_TENSOR.OUTPUT_NORM,
@@ -1276,6 +1294,7 @@ MODEL_TENSORS: dict[MODEL_ARCH, list[MODEL_TENSOR]] = {
        MODEL_TENSOR.FFN_GATE_SHEXP,
        MODEL_TENSOR.FFN_DOWN_SHEXP,
        MODEL_TENSOR.FFN_UP_SHEXP,
+        MODEL_TENSOR.FFN_EXP_PROBS_B,
    ],
    MODEL_ARCH.CHATGLM : [
        MODEL_TENSOR.TOKEN_EMBD,
@@ -1576,6 +1595,11 @@ class GGMLQuantizationType(IntEnum):
    TQ2_0   = 35


+class ExpertGatingFuncType(IntEnum):
+    SOFTMAX  = 1
+    SIGMOID  = 2
+
+
 # TODO: add GGMLFileType from ggml_ftype in ggml.h


@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ from .constants import (
    RopeScalingType,
    PoolingType,
    TokenType,
+    ExpertGatingFuncType,
 )

 from .quants import quant_shape_from_byte_shape
@@ -715,6 +716,12 @@ class GGUFWriter:
    def add_expert_weights_scale(self, value: float) -> None:
        self.add_float32(Keys.LLM.EXPERT_WEIGHTS_SCALE.format(arch=self.arch), value)

+    def add_expert_weights_norm(self, value: bool) -> None:
+        self.add_bool(Keys.LLM.EXPERT_WEIGHTS_NORM.format(arch=self.arch), value)
+
+    def add_expert_gating_func(self, value: ExpertGatingFuncType) -> None:
+        self.add_uint32(Keys.LLM.EXPERT_GATING_FUNC.format(arch=self.arch), value.value)
+
    def add_swin_norm(self, value: bool) -> None:
        self.add_bool(Keys.LLM.SWIN_NORM.format(arch=self.arch), value)

@@ -276,6 +276,10 @@ class TensorNameMap:
            "model.layers.{bid}.mlp.shared_expert_gate", # qwen2moe
        ),

+        MODEL_TENSOR.FFN_EXP_PROBS_B: (
+            "model.layers.{bid}.mlp.gate.e_score_correction", # deepseek-v3
+        ),
+
        # Feed-forward up
        MODEL_TENSOR.FFN_UP: (
            "gpt_neox.layers.{bid}.mlp.dense_h_to_4h",                # gptneox
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 #include "llama.h"

 struct llama_model_deleter {
-    void operator()(llama_model * model) { llama_free_model(model); }
+    void operator()(llama_model * model) { llama_model_free(model); }
 };

 struct llama_context_deleter {
@@ -20,6 +20,11 @@ struct llama_sampler_deleter {
    void operator()(llama_sampler * sampler) { llama_sampler_free(sampler); }
 };

+struct llama_lora_adapter_deleter {
+    void operator()(llama_lora_adapter * lora_adapter) { llama_lora_adapter_free(lora_adapter); }
+};
+
 typedef std::unique_ptr<llama_model, llama_model_deleter> llama_model_ptr;
 typedef std::unique_ptr<llama_context, llama_context_deleter> llama_context_ptr;
 typedef std::unique_ptr<llama_sampler, llama_sampler_deleter> llama_sampler_ptr;
+typedef std::unique_ptr<llama_lora_adapter, llama_lora_adapter_deleter> llama_lora_adapter_ptr;
@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@

 #define LLAMA_DEFAULT_SEED 0xFFFFFFFF

-// TODO: use everywhere in the implementation
 #define LLAMA_TOKEN_NULL -1

 #define LLAMA_FILE_MAGIC_GGLA 0x67676c61u // 'ggla'
@@ -105,6 +104,7 @@ extern "C" {
        LLAMA_VOCAB_PRE_TYPE_EXAONE         = 25,
        LLAMA_VOCAB_PRE_TYPE_CHAMELEON      = 26,
        LLAMA_VOCAB_PRE_TYPE_MINERVA        = 27,
+        LLAMA_VOCAB_PRE_TYPE_DEEPSEEK3_LLM  = 28,
    };

    enum llama_rope_type {
@@ -385,6 +385,7 @@ extern "C" {
    } llama_chat_message;

    // lora adapter
+    // TODO: rename to llama_adapter_lora
    struct llama_lora_adapter;

    // Helpers for getting default parameters
@@ -412,11 +413,19 @@ extern "C" {
    // Call once at the end of the program - currently only used for MPI
    LLAMA_API void llama_backend_free(void);

-    LLAMA_API struct llama_model * llama_load_model_from_file(
+    DEPRECATED(LLAMA_API struct llama_model * llama_load_model_from_file(
+                             const char * path_model,
+              struct llama_model_params   params),
+            "use llama_model_load_from_file instead");
+
+    LLAMA_API struct llama_model * llama_model_load_from_file(
                             const char * path_model,
              struct llama_model_params   params);

-    LLAMA_API void llama_free_model(struct llama_model * model);
+    DEPRECATED(LLAMA_API void llama_free_model(struct llama_model * model),
+            "use llama_model_free instead");
+
+    LLAMA_API void llama_model_free(struct llama_model * model);

    // TODO: rename to llama_init_from_model
    LLAMA_API struct llama_context * llama_new_context_with_model(
@@ -501,14 +510,19 @@ extern "C" {
            const char * fname_out,
            const llama_model_quantize_params * params);

+    //
+    // Adapters
+    //
+
    // Load a LoRA adapter from file
-    // The loaded adapter will be associated to the given model, and will be free when the model is deleted
+    // TODO: rename to llama_adapter_lora_init
    LLAMA_API struct llama_lora_adapter * llama_lora_adapter_init(
            struct llama_model * model,
            const char * path_lora);

    // Add a loaded LoRA adapter to given context
    // This will not modify model's weight
+    // TODO: rename to llama_set_adapter_lora
    LLAMA_API int32_t llama_lora_adapter_set(
            struct llama_context * ctx,
            struct llama_lora_adapter * adapter,
@@ -516,16 +530,18 @@ extern "C" {

    // Remove a specific LoRA adapter from given context
    // Return -1 if the adapter is not present in the context
+    // TODO: rename to llama_rm_adapter_lora
    LLAMA_API int32_t llama_lora_adapter_remove(
            struct llama_context * ctx,
            struct llama_lora_adapter * adapter);

    // Remove all LoRA adapters from given context
-    LLAMA_API void llama_lora_adapter_clear(
-            struct llama_context * ctx);
+    // TODO: rename to llama_clear_adapter_lora
+    LLAMA_API void llama_lora_adapter_clear(struct llama_context * ctx);

    // Manually free a LoRA adapter
    // Note: loaded adapters will be free when the associated model is deleted
+    // TODO: rename to llama_adapter_lora_free
    LLAMA_API void llama_lora_adapter_free(struct llama_lora_adapter * adapter);

    // Apply a loaded control vector to a llama_context, or if data is NULL, clear
@@ -534,6 +550,7 @@ extern "C" {
    // to an n_embd x n_layers buffer starting from layer 1.
    // il_start and il_end are the layer range the vector should apply to (both inclusive)
    // See llama_control_vector_load in common to load a control vector.
+    // TODO: rename to llama_adapter_cvec_apply
    LLAMA_API int32_t llama_control_vector_apply(
            struct llama_context * lctx,
                     const float * data,
@@ -546,6 +563,8 @@ extern "C" {
    // KV cache
    //

+    // TODO: remove llama_kv_cache_view_* API
+
    // Information associated with an individual cell in the KV cache view.
    struct llama_kv_cache_view_cell {
        // The position for this cell. Takes KV cache shifts into account.
@@ -592,8 +611,11 @@ extern "C" {
    LLAMA_API void llama_kv_cache_view_free(struct llama_kv_cache_view * view);

    // Update the KV cache view structure with the current state of the KV cache. (use only for debugging purposes)
+    // TODO: change signature to llama_kv_cache_view_update(struct llama_kv_cache_view * view, const struct llama_context * ctx)
    LLAMA_API void llama_kv_cache_view_update(const struct llama_context * ctx, struct llama_kv_cache_view * view);

+    ///
+
    // Returns the number of tokens in the KV cache (slow, use only for debug)
    // If a KV cell has multiple sequences assigned to it, it will be counted multiple times
    LLAMA_API int32_t llama_get_kv_cache_token_count(const struct llama_context * ctx);
@@ -663,6 +685,9 @@ extern "C" {
            struct llama_context * ctx,
                    llama_seq_id   seq_id);

+    // TODO: the llama_kv_cache_defrag and llama_kv_cache_update API tightly couples llama_context with llama_kv_cache
+    //       how to avoid this?
+
    // Defragment the KV cache
    // This will be applied:
    //   - lazily on next llama_decode()
@@ -1 +1 @@
-e6d93f40dffe8733d5d72f1d8fa6b3ca27ae899f
+a2af72be7baf5b1f4a33d34e77e509e5e85b7cd7
@@ -9,9 +9,21 @@ llama_add_compile_flags()
 add_library(llama
            ../include/llama.h
            llama.cpp
-            llama-vocab.cpp
+            llama-adapter.cpp
+            llama-arch.cpp
+            llama-batch.cpp
+            llama-chat.cpp
+            llama-context.cpp
            llama-grammar.cpp
+            llama-hparams.cpp
+            llama-impl.cpp
+            llama-kv-cache.cpp
+            llama-mmap.cpp
+            llama-model-loader.cpp
+            llama-model.cpp
+            llama-quant.cpp
            llama-sampling.cpp
+            llama-vocab.cpp
            unicode.h
            unicode.cpp
            unicode-data.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,334 @@
+#include "llama-adapter.h"
+
+#include "llama-model.h"
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <map>
+#include <cassert>
+#include <stdexcept>
+
+// vec
+
+struct ggml_tensor * llama_control_vector::tensor_for(int il) const {
+    if (il < 0 || il < layer_start || il > layer_end || (size_t) il >= tensors.size()) {
+        return nullptr;
+    }
+
+    return tensors[il];
+}
+
+struct ggml_tensor * llama_control_vector::apply_to(struct ggml_context * ctx, struct ggml_tensor * cur, int  il) const {
+    ggml_tensor * layer_dir = tensor_for(il);
+    if (layer_dir != nullptr) {
+        cur = ggml_add(ctx, cur, layer_dir);
+    }
+
+    return cur;
+}
+
+static bool llama_control_vector_init(struct llama_control_vector & cvec, const llama_model & model) {
+    const auto & hparams = model.hparams;
+
+    GGML_ASSERT(cvec.tensors.empty());
+    GGML_ASSERT(cvec.ctxs.empty());
+    GGML_ASSERT(cvec.bufs.empty());
+
+    // create a context for each buffer type
+    std::map<ggml_backend_buffer_type_t, ggml_context *> ctx_map;
+    auto ctx_for_buft = [&](ggml_backend_buffer_type_t buft) -> ggml_context * {
+        auto it = ctx_map.find(buft);
+        if (it == ctx_map.end()) {
+            struct ggml_init_params params = {
+                /*.mem_size   =*/ hparams.n_layer*ggml_tensor_overhead(),
+                /*.mem_buffer =*/ NULL,
+                /*.no_alloc   =*/ true,
+            };
+
+            ggml_context * ctx = ggml_init(params);
+            if (!ctx) {
+                return nullptr;
+            }
+
+            ctx_map[buft] = ctx;
+            cvec.ctxs.emplace_back(ctx);
+
+            return ctx;
+        }
+
+        return it->second;
+    };
+
+    // make tensors
+    cvec.tensors.reserve(hparams.n_layer);
+    cvec.tensors.push_back(nullptr); // there's never a tensor for layer 0
+    for (size_t il = 1; il < hparams.n_layer; il++) {
+        ggml_backend_buffer_type_t buft = llama_model_select_buft(model, il);
+        ggml_context * ctx = ctx_for_buft(buft);
+        if (!ctx) {
+            LLAMA_LOG_ERROR("%s: failed to allocate context for control vector\n", __func__);
+            return false;
+        }
+        ggml_tensor * tensor = ggml_new_tensor_1d(ctx, GGML_TYPE_F32, hparams.n_embd);
+        cvec.tensors.push_back(tensor);
+    }
+
+    // allocate tensors / buffers and zero
+    cvec.bufs.reserve(ctx_map.size());
+    for (auto it : ctx_map) {
+        ggml_backend_buffer_type_t buft = it.first;
+        ggml_context * ctx = it.second;
+        ggml_backend_buffer_t buf = ggml_backend_alloc_ctx_tensors_from_buft(ctx, buft);
+        if (!buf) {
+            LLAMA_LOG_ERROR("%s: failed to allocate buffer for control vector\n", __func__);
+            return false;
+        }
+        ggml_backend_buffer_clear(buf, 0);
+        cvec.bufs.emplace_back(buf);
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
+
+int32_t llama_control_vector_apply(
+        struct llama_control_vector & cvec,
+        const llama_model & model,
+        const float * data,
+        size_t len,
+        int32_t n_embd,
+        int32_t il_start,
+        int32_t il_end) {
+    const auto & hparams = model.hparams;
+
+    if (data == nullptr) {
+        // disable the current control vector (but leave allocated for later)
+        cvec.layer_start = -1;
+        cvec.layer_end   = -1;
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    if (n_embd != (int) hparams.n_embd) {
+        LLAMA_LOG_ERROR("%s: control vector n_embd does not match model\n", __func__);
+        return 1;
+    }
+
+    if (cvec.tensors.empty()) {
+        if (!llama_control_vector_init(cvec, model)) {
+            return 1;
+        }
+    }
+
+    cvec.layer_start = il_start;
+    cvec.layer_end   = il_end;
+
+    for (size_t il = 1; il < hparams.n_layer; il++) {
+        assert(cvec.tensors[il] != nullptr);
+
+        const size_t off = n_embd * (il - 1); // buffer doesn't have data for layer 0, since it's never present
+        if (off + n_embd <= len) {
+            ggml_backend_tensor_set(cvec.tensors[il], data + off, 0, n_embd * ggml_element_size(cvec.tensors[il]));
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+// lora
+
+llama_lora_weight * llama_lora_adapter::get_weight(struct ggml_tensor * w) {
+    const std::string name(w->name);
+
+    const auto pos = ab_map.find(name);
+    if (pos != ab_map.end()) {
+        return &pos->second;
+    }
+
+    return nullptr;
+}
+
+void llama_lora_adapter_free(struct llama_lora_adapter * adapter) {
+    delete adapter;
+}
+
+static void llama_lora_adapter_init_impl(struct llama_model & model, const char * path_lora, struct llama_lora_adapter & adapter) {
+    LLAMA_LOG_INFO("%s: loading lora adapter from '%s' ...\n", __func__, path_lora);
+
+    ggml_context * ctx_init;
+    struct gguf_init_params meta_gguf_params = {
+        /* .no_alloc = */ true,
+        /* .ctx      = */ &ctx_init,
+    };
+
+    gguf_context_ptr ctx_gguf { gguf_init_from_file(path_lora, meta_gguf_params) };
+    if (!ctx_gguf) {
+        throw std::runtime_error("failed to load lora adapter file from " + std::string(path_lora));
+    }
+
+    ggml_context_ptr ctx { ctx_init };
+
+    // check metadata
+    {
+        auto get_kv_str = [&](const std::string & key) -> std::string {
+            int id = gguf_find_key(ctx_gguf.get(), key.c_str());
+            return id < 0 ? "" : std::string(gguf_get_val_str(ctx_gguf.get(), id));
+        };
+        auto get_kv_f32 = [&](const std::string & key) -> float {
+            int id = gguf_find_key(ctx_gguf.get(), key.c_str());
+            return id < 0 ? 0.0f : gguf_get_val_f32(ctx_gguf.get(), id);
+        };
+        LLM_KV llm_kv = LLM_KV(LLM_ARCH_UNKNOWN);
+
+        auto general_type = get_kv_str(llm_kv(LLM_KV_GENERAL_TYPE));
+        if (general_type != "adapter") {
+            throw std::runtime_error("expect general.type to be 'adapter', but got: " + general_type);
+        }
+
+        auto general_arch_str = get_kv_str(llm_kv(LLM_KV_GENERAL_ARCHITECTURE));
+        auto general_arch = llm_arch_from_string(general_arch_str);
+        if (general_arch != model.arch) {
+            throw std::runtime_error("model arch and LoRA arch mismatch");
+        }
+
+        auto adapter_type = get_kv_str(llm_kv(LLM_KV_ADAPTER_TYPE));
+        if (adapter_type != "lora") {
+            throw std::runtime_error("expect adapter.type to be 'lora', but got: " + adapter_type);
+        }
+
+        adapter.alpha = get_kv_f32(llm_kv(LLM_KV_ADAPTER_LORA_ALPHA));
+    }
+
+    int n_tensors = gguf_get_n_tensors(ctx_gguf.get());
+
+    // contexts for each buffer type
+    std::map<ggml_backend_buffer_type_t, ggml_context *> ctx_map;
+    auto ctx_for_buft = [&](ggml_backend_buffer_type_t buft) -> ggml_context * {
+        auto it = ctx_map.find(buft);
+        if (it == ctx_map.end()) {
+            // add a new context
+            struct ggml_init_params params = {
+                /*.mem_size   =*/ n_tensors*ggml_tensor_overhead(),
+                /*.mem_buffer =*/ NULL,
+                /*.no_alloc   =*/ true,
+            };
+            ggml_context * buft_ctx = ggml_init(params);
+            if (!buft_ctx) {
+                return nullptr;
+            }
+            ctx_map[buft] = buft_ctx;
+            adapter.ctxs.emplace_back(buft_ctx);
+            return buft_ctx;
+        };
+        return it->second;
+    };
+
+    // bundle lora_a and lora_b into pairs
+    std::map<std::string, llama_lora_weight> ab_map;
+    auto str_endswith = [](const std::string & str, const std::string & suffix) {
+        return str.size() >= suffix.size() && str.compare(str.size()-suffix.size(), suffix.size(), suffix) == 0;
+    };
+
+    for (ggml_tensor * cur = ggml_get_first_tensor(ctx.get()); cur; cur = ggml_get_next_tensor(ctx.get(), cur)) {
+        std::string name(cur->name);
+        if (str_endswith(name, ".lora_a")) {
+            replace_all(name, ".lora_a", "");
+            if (ab_map.find(name) == ab_map.end()) {
+                ab_map[name] = llama_lora_weight(cur, nullptr);
+            } else {
+                ab_map[name].a = cur;
+            }
+        } else if (str_endswith(name, ".lora_b")) {
+            replace_all(name, ".lora_b", "");
+            if (ab_map.find(name) == ab_map.end()) {
+                ab_map[name] = llama_lora_weight(nullptr, cur);
+            } else {
+                ab_map[name].b = cur;
+            }
+        } else {
+            throw std::runtime_error("LoRA tensor '" + name + "' has unexpected suffix");
+        }
+    }
+
+    // add tensors
+    for (auto & it : ab_map) {
+        const std::string & name = it.first;
+        llama_lora_weight & w = it.second;
+
+        if (!w.a || !w.b) {
+            throw std::runtime_error("LoRA tensor pair for '" + name + "' is missing one component");
+        }
+
+        // device buft and device ctx
+        auto * model_tensor = llama_model_get_tensor(model, name.c_str());
+        if (!model_tensor) {
+            throw std::runtime_error("LoRA tensor '" + name + "' does not exist in base model");
+        }
+
+        struct ggml_context * dev_ctx = ctx_for_buft(ggml_backend_buffer_get_type(model_tensor->buffer));
+        // validate tensor shape
+        if (model_tensor->ne[0] != w.a->ne[0] || model_tensor->ne[1] != w.b->ne[1]) {
+            throw std::runtime_error("tensor '" + name + "' has incorrect shape");
+        }
+        if (w.a->ne[1] != w.b->ne[0]) {
+            throw std::runtime_error("lora_a tensor is not transposed (hint: adapter from \"finetune\" example is no longer supported)");
+        }
+
+        // save tensor to adapter
+        struct ggml_tensor * tensor_a = ggml_dup_tensor(dev_ctx, w.a);
+        struct ggml_tensor * tensor_b = ggml_dup_tensor(dev_ctx, w.b);
+        ggml_set_name(tensor_a, w.a->name);
+        ggml_set_name(tensor_b, w.b->name);
+        adapter.ab_map[name] = llama_lora_weight(tensor_a, tensor_b);
+    }
+
+    // allocate tensors / buffers and zero
+    {
+        adapter.ctxs.reserve(ctx_map.size());
+        adapter.bufs.reserve(ctx_map.size());
+        for (auto & it : ctx_map) {
+            ggml_backend_buffer_type_t buft = it.first;
+            ggml_context * ctx_dev = it.second;
+            ggml_backend_buffer_ptr buf { ggml_backend_alloc_ctx_tensors_from_buft(ctx_dev, buft) };
+            if (!buf) {
+                throw std::runtime_error("failed to allocate buffer for lora adapter\n");
+            }
+            LLAMA_LOG_INFO("%s: %10s LoRA buffer size = %8.2f MiB\n", __func__, ggml_backend_buffer_name(buf.get()), ggml_backend_buffer_get_size(buf.get())/1024.0/1024.0);
+            adapter.bufs.emplace_back(std::move(buf));
+        }
+    }
+
+    // set tensor data
+    {
+        llama_file gguf_file(path_lora, "rb");
+        std::vector<uint8_t> read_buf;
+        auto set_tensor = [&](struct ggml_tensor * orig, struct ggml_tensor * dev) {
+            size_t offs = gguf_get_data_offset(ctx_gguf.get()) + gguf_get_tensor_offset(ctx_gguf.get(), gguf_find_tensor(ctx_gguf.get(), orig->name));
+            size_t size = ggml_nbytes(orig);
+            read_buf.resize(size);
+            gguf_file.seek(offs, SEEK_SET);
+            gguf_file.read_raw(read_buf.data(), size);
+            ggml_backend_tensor_set(dev, read_buf.data(), 0, size);
+        };
+        for (auto & it : adapter.ab_map) {
+            auto orig = ab_map[it.first];
+            auto dev  = it.second;
+            set_tensor(orig.a, dev.a);
+            set_tensor(orig.b, dev.b);
+        }
+    }
+
+    LLAMA_LOG_INFO("%s: loaded %zu tensors from lora file\n", __func__, adapter.ab_map.size()*2);
+}
+
+struct llama_lora_adapter * llama_lora_adapter_init(struct llama_model * model, const char * path_lora) {
+    struct llama_lora_adapter * adapter = new llama_lora_adapter();
+
+    try {
+        llama_lora_adapter_init_impl(*model, path_lora, *adapter);
+        return adapter;
+    } catch (const std::exception & err) {
+        LLAMA_LOG_ERROR("%s: failed to apply lora adapter: %s\n", __func__, err.what());
+
+        delete adapter;
+    }
+
+    return nullptr;
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "llama-impl.h"
+#include "llama-hparams.h"
+
+#include "ggml-cpp.h"
+
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
+
+//
+// llama_adapter_cvec
+//
+
+// TODO: rename to llama_adapter_cvec
+struct llama_control_vector {
+    std::vector<ggml_context_ptr> ctxs;
+    std::vector<ggml_backend_buffer_ptr> bufs;
+
+    std::vector<struct ggml_tensor *> tensors; // per layer
+
+    int32_t layer_start = -1;
+    int32_t layer_end   = -1;
+
+    struct ggml_tensor * tensor_for(int il) const;
+
+    struct ggml_tensor * apply_to(struct ggml_context * ctx, struct ggml_tensor * cur, int  il) const;
+};
+
+int32_t llama_control_vector_apply(
+        struct llama_control_vector & cvec,
+        const llama_model & model,
+        const float * data,
+        size_t len,
+        int32_t n_embd,
+        int32_t il_start,
+        int32_t il_end);
+
+//
+// llama_adapter_lora
+//
+
+// TODO: rename to llama_adapter_lora_weight
+struct llama_lora_weight {
+    struct ggml_tensor * a = nullptr;
+    struct ggml_tensor * b = nullptr;
+
+    llama_lora_weight() = default;
+    llama_lora_weight(struct ggml_tensor * a, struct ggml_tensor * b) : a(a), b(b) {}
+};
+
+// TODO: rename to llama_adapter_lora
+struct llama_lora_adapter {
+    // map tensor name to lora_a_b
+    std::unordered_map<std::string, struct llama_lora_weight> ab_map;
+
+    std::vector<ggml_context_ptr> ctxs;
+    std::vector<ggml_backend_buffer_ptr> bufs;
+
+    float alpha;
+
+    llama_lora_adapter() = default;
+    ~llama_lora_adapter() = default;
+
+    llama_lora_weight * get_weight(struct ggml_tensor * w);
+};
@@ -0,0 +1,395 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "ggml.h" // ggml_op
+
+#include <string>
+
+//
+// gguf constants (sync with gguf.py)
+//
+
+enum llm_arch {
+    LLM_ARCH_LLAMA,
+    LLM_ARCH_DECI,
+    LLM_ARCH_FALCON,
+    LLM_ARCH_BAICHUAN,
+    LLM_ARCH_GROK,
+    LLM_ARCH_GPT2,
+    LLM_ARCH_GPTJ,
+    LLM_ARCH_GPTNEOX,
+    LLM_ARCH_MPT,
+    LLM_ARCH_STARCODER,
+    LLM_ARCH_REFACT,
+    LLM_ARCH_BERT,
+    LLM_ARCH_NOMIC_BERT,
+    LLM_ARCH_JINA_BERT_V2,
+    LLM_ARCH_BLOOM,
+    LLM_ARCH_STABLELM,
+    LLM_ARCH_QWEN,
+    LLM_ARCH_QWEN2,
+    LLM_ARCH_QWEN2MOE,
+    LLM_ARCH_QWEN2VL,
+    LLM_ARCH_PHI2,
+    LLM_ARCH_PHI3,
+    LLM_ARCH_PLAMO,
+    LLM_ARCH_CODESHELL,
+    LLM_ARCH_ORION,
+    LLM_ARCH_INTERNLM2,
+    LLM_ARCH_MINICPM,
+    LLM_ARCH_MINICPM3,
+    LLM_ARCH_GEMMA,
+    LLM_ARCH_GEMMA2,
+    LLM_ARCH_STARCODER2,
+    LLM_ARCH_MAMBA,
+    LLM_ARCH_XVERSE,
+    LLM_ARCH_COMMAND_R,
+    LLM_ARCH_COHERE2,
+    LLM_ARCH_DBRX,
+    LLM_ARCH_OLMO,
+    LLM_ARCH_OLMO2,
+    LLM_ARCH_OLMOE,
+    LLM_ARCH_OPENELM,
+    LLM_ARCH_ARCTIC,
+    LLM_ARCH_DEEPSEEK,
+    LLM_ARCH_DEEPSEEK2,
+    LLM_ARCH_CHATGLM,
+    LLM_ARCH_BITNET,
+    LLM_ARCH_T5,
+    LLM_ARCH_T5ENCODER,
+    LLM_ARCH_JAIS,
+    LLM_ARCH_NEMOTRON,
+    LLM_ARCH_EXAONE,
+    LLM_ARCH_RWKV6,
+    LLM_ARCH_GRANITE,
+    LLM_ARCH_GRANITE_MOE,
+    LLM_ARCH_CHAMELEON,
+    LLM_ARCH_WAVTOKENIZER_DEC,
+    LLM_ARCH_UNKNOWN,
+};
+
+enum llm_kv {
+    LLM_KV_GENERAL_TYPE,
+    LLM_KV_GENERAL_ARCHITECTURE,
+    LLM_KV_GENERAL_QUANTIZATION_VERSION,
+    LLM_KV_GENERAL_ALIGNMENT,
+    LLM_KV_GENERAL_NAME,
+    LLM_KV_GENERAL_AUTHOR,
+    LLM_KV_GENERAL_VERSION,
+    LLM_KV_GENERAL_URL,
+    LLM_KV_GENERAL_DESCRIPTION,
+    LLM_KV_GENERAL_LICENSE,
+    LLM_KV_GENERAL_SOURCE_URL,
+    LLM_KV_GENERAL_SOURCE_HF_REPO,
+
+    LLM_KV_VOCAB_SIZE,
+    LLM_KV_CONTEXT_LENGTH,
+    LLM_KV_EMBEDDING_LENGTH,
+    LLM_KV_FEATURES_LENGTH,
+    LLM_KV_BLOCK_COUNT,
+    LLM_KV_LEADING_DENSE_BLOCK_COUNT,
+    LLM_KV_FEED_FORWARD_LENGTH,
+    LLM_KV_EXPERT_FEED_FORWARD_LENGTH,
+    LLM_KV_EXPERT_SHARED_FEED_FORWARD_LENGTH,
+    LLM_KV_USE_PARALLEL_RESIDUAL,
+    LLM_KV_TENSOR_DATA_LAYOUT,
+    LLM_KV_EXPERT_COUNT,
+    LLM_KV_EXPERT_USED_COUNT,
+    LLM_KV_EXPERT_SHARED_COUNT,
+    LLM_KV_EXPERT_WEIGHTS_SCALE,
+    LLM_KV_EXPERT_WEIGHTS_NORM,
+    LLM_KV_EXPERT_GATING_FUNC,
+    LLM_KV_POOLING_TYPE,
+    LLM_KV_LOGIT_SCALE,
+    LLM_KV_DECODER_START_TOKEN_ID,
+    LLM_KV_ATTN_LOGIT_SOFTCAPPING,
+    LLM_KV_FINAL_LOGIT_SOFTCAPPING,
+    LLM_KV_SWIN_NORM,
+    LLM_KV_RESCALE_EVERY_N_LAYERS,
+    LLM_KV_TIME_MIX_EXTRA_DIM,
+    LLM_KV_TIME_DECAY_EXTRA_DIM,
+    LLM_KV_RESIDUAL_SCALE,
+    LLM_KV_EMBEDDING_SCALE,
+
+    LLM_KV_ATTENTION_HEAD_COUNT,
+    LLM_KV_ATTENTION_HEAD_COUNT_KV,
+    LLM_KV_ATTENTION_MAX_ALIBI_BIAS,
+    LLM_KV_ATTENTION_CLAMP_KQV,
+    LLM_KV_ATTENTION_KEY_LENGTH,
+    LLM_KV_ATTENTION_VALUE_LENGTH,
+    LLM_KV_ATTENTION_LAYERNORM_EPS,
+    LLM_KV_ATTENTION_LAYERNORM_RMS_EPS,
+    LLM_KV_ATTENTION_GROUPNORM_EPS,
+    LLM_KV_ATTENTION_GROUPNORM_GROUPS,
+    LLM_KV_ATTENTION_CAUSAL,
+    LLM_KV_ATTENTION_Q_LORA_RANK,
+    LLM_KV_ATTENTION_KV_LORA_RANK,
+    LLM_KV_ATTENTION_RELATIVE_BUCKETS_COUNT,
+    LLM_KV_ATTENTION_SLIDING_WINDOW,
+    LLM_KV_ATTENTION_SCALE,
+
+    LLM_KV_ROPE_DIMENSION_COUNT,
+    LLM_KV_ROPE_DIMENSION_SECTIONS,
+    LLM_KV_ROPE_FREQ_BASE,
+    LLM_KV_ROPE_SCALE_LINEAR,
+    LLM_KV_ROPE_SCALING_TYPE,
+    LLM_KV_ROPE_SCALING_FACTOR,
+    LLM_KV_ROPE_SCALING_ATTN_FACTOR,
+    LLM_KV_ROPE_SCALING_ORIG_CTX_LEN,
+    LLM_KV_ROPE_SCALING_FINETUNED,
+    LLM_KV_ROPE_SCALING_YARN_LOG_MUL,
+
+    LLM_KV_SPLIT_NO,
+    LLM_KV_SPLIT_COUNT,
+    LLM_KV_SPLIT_TENSORS_COUNT,
+
+    LLM_KV_SSM_INNER_SIZE,
+    LLM_KV_SSM_CONV_KERNEL,
+    LLM_KV_SSM_STATE_SIZE,
+    LLM_KV_SSM_TIME_STEP_RANK,
+    LLM_KV_SSM_DT_B_C_RMS,
+
+    LLM_KV_WKV_HEAD_SIZE,
+
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_MODEL,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_PRE,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_LIST,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_TOKEN_TYPE,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_TOKEN_TYPE_COUNT,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_SCORES,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_MERGES,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_BOS_ID,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_EOS_ID,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_EOT_ID,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_EOM_ID,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_UNK_ID,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_SEP_ID,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_PAD_ID,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_CLS_ID,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_MASK_ID,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_ADD_BOS,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_ADD_EOS,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_ADD_PREFIX,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_REMOVE_EXTRA_WS,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_PRECOMPILED_CHARSMAP,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_HF_JSON,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_RWKV,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_FIM_PRE_ID,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_FIM_SUF_ID,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_FIM_MID_ID,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_FIM_PAD_ID,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_FIM_REP_ID,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_FIM_SEP_ID,
+
+    LLM_KV_ADAPTER_TYPE,
+    LLM_KV_ADAPTER_LORA_ALPHA,
+
+    LLM_KV_POSNET_EMBEDDING_LENGTH,
+    LLM_KV_POSNET_BLOCK_COUNT,
+
+    LLM_KV_CONVNEXT_EMBEDDING_LENGTH,
+    LLM_KV_CONVNEXT_BLOCK_COUNT,
+
+    // deprecated:
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_PREFIX_ID,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_SUFFIX_ID,
+    LLM_KV_TOKENIZER_MIDDLE_ID,
+};
+
+enum llm_tensor {
+    LLM_TENSOR_TOKEN_EMBD,
+    LLM_TENSOR_TOKEN_EMBD_NORM,
+    LLM_TENSOR_TOKEN_TYPES,
+    LLM_TENSOR_POS_EMBD,
+    LLM_TENSOR_OUTPUT,
+    LLM_TENSOR_OUTPUT_NORM,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ROPE_FREQS,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ROPE_FACTORS_LONG,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ROPE_FACTORS_SHORT,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ATTN_Q,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ATTN_K,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ATTN_V,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ATTN_QKV,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ATTN_OUT,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ATTN_NORM,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ATTN_NORM_2,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ATTN_OUT_NORM,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ATTN_POST_NORM,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ATTN_ROT_EMBD,
+    LLM_TENSOR_FFN_GATE_INP,
+    LLM_TENSOR_FFN_GATE_INP_SHEXP,
+    LLM_TENSOR_FFN_NORM,
+    LLM_TENSOR_FFN_POST_NORM,
+    LLM_TENSOR_FFN_GATE,
+    LLM_TENSOR_FFN_DOWN,
+    LLM_TENSOR_FFN_UP,
+    LLM_TENSOR_FFN_ACT,
+    LLM_TENSOR_FFN_DOWN_EXP,  // split experts for backward compatibility
+    LLM_TENSOR_FFN_GATE_EXP,
+    LLM_TENSOR_FFN_UP_EXP,
+    LLM_TENSOR_FFN_NORM_EXPS,
+    LLM_TENSOR_FFN_DOWN_EXPS, // merged experts
+    LLM_TENSOR_FFN_GATE_EXPS,
+    LLM_TENSOR_FFN_UP_EXPS,
+    LLM_TENSOR_FFN_DOWN_SHEXP,
+    LLM_TENSOR_FFN_GATE_SHEXP,
+    LLM_TENSOR_FFN_UP_SHEXP,
+    LLM_TENSOR_FFN_EXP_PROBS_B,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ATTN_Q_NORM,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ATTN_K_NORM,
+    LLM_TENSOR_LAYER_OUT_NORM,
+    LLM_TENSOR_SSM_IN,
+    LLM_TENSOR_SSM_CONV1D,
+    LLM_TENSOR_SSM_X,
+    LLM_TENSOR_SSM_DT,
+    LLM_TENSOR_SSM_A,
+    LLM_TENSOR_SSM_D,
+    LLM_TENSOR_SSM_OUT,
+    LLM_TENSOR_TIME_MIX_W1,
+    LLM_TENSOR_TIME_MIX_W2,
+    LLM_TENSOR_TIME_MIX_LERP_X,
+    LLM_TENSOR_TIME_MIX_LERP_W,
+    LLM_TENSOR_TIME_MIX_LERP_K,
+    LLM_TENSOR_TIME_MIX_LERP_V,
+    LLM_TENSOR_TIME_MIX_LERP_R,
+    LLM_TENSOR_TIME_MIX_LERP_G,
+    LLM_TENSOR_TIME_MIX_FIRST,
+    LLM_TENSOR_TIME_MIX_DECAY,
+    LLM_TENSOR_TIME_MIX_DECAY_W1,
+    LLM_TENSOR_TIME_MIX_DECAY_W2,
+    LLM_TENSOR_TIME_MIX_KEY,
+    LLM_TENSOR_TIME_MIX_VALUE,
+    LLM_TENSOR_TIME_MIX_RECEPTANCE,
+    LLM_TENSOR_TIME_MIX_GATE,
+    LLM_TENSOR_TIME_MIX_LN,
+    LLM_TENSOR_TIME_MIX_OUTPUT,
+    LLM_TENSOR_CHANNEL_MIX_LERP_K,
+    LLM_TENSOR_CHANNEL_MIX_LERP_R,
+    LLM_TENSOR_CHANNEL_MIX_KEY,
+    LLM_TENSOR_CHANNEL_MIX_RECEPTANCE,
+    LLM_TENSOR_CHANNEL_MIX_VALUE,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ATTN_Q_A,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ATTN_Q_B,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ATTN_KV_A_MQA,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ATTN_KV_B,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ATTN_Q_A_NORM,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ATTN_KV_A_NORM,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ATTN_SUB_NORM,
+    LLM_TENSOR_FFN_SUB_NORM,
+    LLM_TENSOR_DEC_ATTN_NORM,
+    LLM_TENSOR_DEC_ATTN_Q,
+    LLM_TENSOR_DEC_ATTN_K,
+    LLM_TENSOR_DEC_ATTN_V,
+    LLM_TENSOR_DEC_ATTN_OUT,
+    LLM_TENSOR_DEC_ATTN_REL_B,
+    LLM_TENSOR_DEC_CROSS_ATTN_NORM,
+    LLM_TENSOR_DEC_CROSS_ATTN_Q,
+    LLM_TENSOR_DEC_CROSS_ATTN_K,
+    LLM_TENSOR_DEC_CROSS_ATTN_V,
+    LLM_TENSOR_DEC_CROSS_ATTN_OUT,
+    LLM_TENSOR_DEC_CROSS_ATTN_REL_B,
+    LLM_TENSOR_DEC_FFN_NORM,
+    LLM_TENSOR_DEC_FFN_GATE,
+    LLM_TENSOR_DEC_FFN_DOWN,
+    LLM_TENSOR_DEC_FFN_UP,
+    LLM_TENSOR_DEC_OUTPUT_NORM,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ENC_ATTN_NORM,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ENC_ATTN_Q,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ENC_ATTN_K,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ENC_ATTN_V,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ENC_ATTN_OUT,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ENC_ATTN_REL_B,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ENC_FFN_NORM,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ENC_FFN_GATE,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ENC_FFN_DOWN,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ENC_FFN_UP,
+    LLM_TENSOR_ENC_OUTPUT_NORM,
+    LLM_TENSOR_CLS,
+    LLM_TENSOR_CLS_OUT,
+    LLM_TENSOR_CONV1D,
+    LLM_TENSOR_CONVNEXT_DW,
+    LLM_TENSOR_CONVNEXT_NORM,
+    LLM_TENSOR_CONVNEXT_PW1,
+    LLM_TENSOR_CONVNEXT_PW2,
+    LLM_TENSOR_CONVNEXT_GAMMA,
+    LLM_TENSOR_POS_NET_CONV1,
+    LLM_TENSOR_POS_NET_CONV2,
+    LLM_TENSOR_POS_NET_NORM,
+    LLM_TENSOR_POS_NET_NORM1,
+    LLM_TENSOR_POS_NET_NORM2,
+    LLM_TENSOR_POS_NET_ATTN_NORM,
+    LLM_TENSOR_POS_NET_ATTN_Q,
+    LLM_TENSOR_POS_NET_ATTN_K,
+    LLM_TENSOR_POS_NET_ATTN_V,
+    LLM_TENSOR_POS_NET_ATTN_OUT,
+};
+
+enum llm_tensor_layer {
+    LLM_TENSOR_LAYER_INPUT,
+    LLM_TENSOR_LAYER_REPEATING,
+    LLM_TENSOR_LAYER_OUTPUT,
+};
+
+struct LLM_KV {
+    LLM_KV(llm_arch arch);
+
+    llm_arch arch;
+
+    std::string operator()(llm_kv kv) const;
+};
+
+// helper to handle gguf constants
+// usage:
+//
+//   const auto tn = LLM_TN(LLM_ARCH_LLAMA);
+//
+//   std::string name = tn(LLM_TENSOR_OUTPUT);                     -> "output"
+//   std::string name = tn(LLM_TENSOR_TOKEN_EMBD, "bias");         -> "token_embd.bias"
+//   std::string name = tn(LLM_TENSOR_ATTN_NORM, "weight", 3);     -> "blk.3.attn_norm.weight"
+//
+struct LLM_TN_IMPL {
+    const llm_arch arch;
+    const llm_tensor tensor;
+    const char * const suffix;
+    const int bid;
+    const int xid;
+
+    std::string str() const;
+
+    operator std::string() const {
+        return str();
+    }
+
+    friend bool operator==(const std::string & str, const LLM_TN_IMPL & tn) {
+        return str == tn.str();
+    }
+
+    friend bool operator!=(const std::string & str, const LLM_TN_IMPL & tn) {
+        return str != tn.str();
+    }
+};
+
+struct LLM_TN {
+    LLM_TN(llm_arch arch) : arch(arch) {}
+
+    llm_arch arch;
+
+    LLM_TN_IMPL operator()(llm_tensor tensor, const char * suffix, int bid = -1, int xid = -1) const {
+        return { arch, tensor, suffix, bid, xid };
+    }
+
+    LLM_TN_IMPL operator()(llm_tensor tensor, int bid = -1, int xid = -1) const {
+        return { arch, tensor, nullptr, bid, xid };
+    }
+};
+
+
+struct llm_tensor_info {
+    llm_tensor_layer layer;
+    ggml_op op;
+};
+
+const char * llm_arch_name(llm_arch arch);
+
+llm_arch llm_arch_from_string(const std::string & name);
+
+const llm_tensor_info & llm_tensor_info_for(llm_tensor tensor);
@@ -0,0 +1,368 @@
+#include "llama-batch.h"
+
+#include <cstring>
+#include <algorithm>
+
+llama_ubatch llama_sbatch::reserve_ubatch(size_t n_ubatch, bool has_embd) {
+    // clear empty sequences
+    // the previous ubatch is assumed to be gone,
+    // so nothing should refer to values in these sequences anymore.
+    for (size_t i = seq.size(); i-- > 0;) {
+        if (seq[i].length == 0) {
+            seq.pop_back();
+        } else {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    ubatch_token.resize(!has_embd ? n_ubatch : 0);
+    ubatch_embd.resize(has_embd ? n_embd * n_ubatch : 0);
+    ubatch_pos.resize(n_ubatch);
+    ubatch_n_seq_id.resize(n_ubatch);
+    ubatch_seq_id.resize(n_ubatch);
+    ubatch_output.resize(n_ubatch);
+    llama_ubatch ubatch = {
+        /*equal_seqs   =*/ true,
+        /*n_tokens     =*/ 0,
+        /*n_seq_tokens =*/ 0,
+        /*n_seqs       =*/ 0,
+        /*token        =*/ !has_embd ? ubatch_token.data() : nullptr,
+        /*embd         =*/ has_embd  ? ubatch_embd.data()  : nullptr,
+        /*pos          =*/ ubatch_pos.data(),
+        /*n_seq_id     =*/ ubatch_n_seq_id.data(),
+        /*seq_id       =*/ ubatch_seq_id.data(),
+        /*output       =*/ ubatch_output.data(),
+    };
+    return ubatch;
+}
+
+void llama_sbatch::add_seq_to_ubatch(llama_ubatch & ubatch, llama_sbatch_seq & seq, size_t length) {
+    GGML_ASSERT(batch != nullptr);
+    GGML_ASSERT(length <= seq.length);
+    // Can only add sequences of equal lengths to a batch,
+    // otherwise it isn't clear to which sequence a token belongs
+    GGML_ASSERT(seq.n_seq_id == 0 || ubatch.n_seqs == 0 || length == (size_t) ubatch.n_tokens / ubatch.n_seqs);
+    GGML_ASSERT((seq.n_seq_id != 0) == ubatch.equal_seqs);
+    // NOTE: loops are separated for cache-friendliness
+    if (batch->token) {
+        if (ubatch.equal_seqs) {
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
+                ubatch.token[ubatch.n_tokens + i] = batch->token[ids[seq.offset + i]];
+            }
+        } else {
+            // simple split
+            ubatch.token = batch->token + seq.offset;
+        }
+    } else {
+        ubatch.token = nullptr;
+    }
+    if (batch->embd) {
+        if (ubatch.equal_seqs) {
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
+                memcpy(
+                        ubatch.embd + (n_embd * (ubatch.n_tokens + i)),
+                        batch->embd + (n_embd * ids[seq.offset + i]),
+                        n_embd * sizeof(float)
+                      );
+            }
+        } else {
+            // simple split
+            ubatch.embd = batch->embd + (n_embd * seq.offset);
+        }
+    } else {
+        ubatch.embd = nullptr;
+    }
+    if (ubatch.equal_seqs) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
+            ubatch.pos[ubatch.n_tokens + i] = batch->pos[ids[seq.offset + i]];
+        }
+    } else {
+        // simple split
+        ubatch.pos = batch->pos + seq.offset;
+    }
+    if (ubatch.equal_seqs) {
+        ubatch.n_seq_id[ubatch.n_seqs] = seq.n_seq_id;
+        if (seq.seq_id) {
+            ubatch.seq_id[ubatch.n_seqs] = seq.seq_id;
+        }
+    } else {
+        // simple split
+        if (batch->n_seq_id) {
+            ubatch.n_seq_id = batch->n_seq_id + seq.offset;
+        } else {
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
+                ubatch.n_seq_id[ubatch.n_seqs + i] = 1;
+            }
+        }
+        if (batch->seq_id) {
+            ubatch.seq_id = batch->seq_id + seq.offset;
+        }
+    }
+    if (logits_all) {
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
+            ubatch.output[ubatch.n_tokens + i] = 1;
+            out_ids.push_back(ids[seq.offset + i]);
+        }
+    } else if (batch->logits) {
+        if (ubatch.equal_seqs) {
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
+                size_t id = ids[seq.offset + i];
+                int8_t is_output = batch->logits[id];
+                ubatch.output[ubatch.n_tokens + i] = is_output;
+                if (is_output) { out_ids.push_back(id); }
+            }
+        } else {
+            // simple split
+            ubatch.output = batch->logits + seq.offset;
+            for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
+                if (ubatch.output[i] != 0) { out_ids.push_back(seq.offset + i); }
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        // only get last output
+        for (size_t i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
+            size_t id = ids[seq.offset + i];
+            int8_t is_last = id == ids.size() - 1;
+            ubatch.output[ubatch.n_tokens + i] = is_last;
+            if (is_last) { out_ids.push_back(id); }
+        }
+    }
+    if (ubatch.n_tokens == 0 && ubatch.n_seqs == 0) {
+        ubatch.n_seq_tokens = ubatch.equal_seqs ? length : 1;
+    }
+    ubatch.n_tokens += length;
+    ubatch.n_seqs += ubatch.equal_seqs ? 1 : length; // virtual sequences for simple splits
+    seq.offset += length;
+    seq.length -= length;
+    n_tokens -= length;
+    GGML_ASSERT(ubatch.n_tokens == ubatch.n_seq_tokens * ubatch.n_seqs);
+}
+
+llama_ubatch llama_sbatch::split_simple(size_t n_ubatch) {
+    n_ubatch = n_tokens < n_ubatch ? n_tokens : n_ubatch;
+    llama_ubatch ubatch = reserve_ubatch(n_ubatch, /* has_embd */ batch->embd != nullptr);
+    ubatch.equal_seqs = false;
+    if (!seq.empty()) {
+        llama_sbatch_seq & s = seq[0];
+        size_t length = s.length < n_ubatch ? s.length : n_ubatch;
+        GGML_ASSERT(seq.size() == 1 && s.n_seq_id == 0); // don't mix with other splits
+        add_seq_to_ubatch(ubatch, s, length);
+    }
+    return ubatch;
+}
+
+llama_ubatch llama_sbatch::split_equal(size_t n_ubatch) {
+    n_ubatch = n_tokens < n_ubatch ? n_tokens : n_ubatch;
+    llama_ubatch ubatch = reserve_ubatch(n_ubatch, /* has_embd */ batch->embd != nullptr);
+    if (!seq.empty()) {
+        size_t length = 0;
+        size_t n_tokens_in_ubatch = 0;
+        GGML_ASSERT(seq[0].n_seq_id > 0); // should not be mixed with simple splits
+                                          // smallest first, because it's easier to split this way;
+                                          // starting from the end to pop in constant time.
+        for (size_t i = seq.size(); i-- > 0;) {
+            llama_sbatch_seq & s = seq[i];
+            GGML_ASSERT(s.length > 0);
+            if (length == 0) {
+                length = s.length < n_ubatch ? s.length : n_ubatch;
+            }
+            add_seq_to_ubatch(ubatch, s, length);
+            n_tokens_in_ubatch += length;
+            // shared prompts can't be mixed with any of their sequences,
+            // so it's safer to compute them in their own ubatch
+            if (s.n_seq_id > 1) { break; }
+            // stop when there isn't enough space for another sequence
+            if (length + n_tokens_in_ubatch > n_ubatch) { break; }
+        }
+    }
+    return ubatch;
+}
+
+llama_ubatch llama_sbatch::split_seq(size_t n_ubatch) {
+    n_ubatch = n_tokens < n_ubatch ? n_tokens : n_ubatch;
+    llama_ubatch ubatch = reserve_ubatch(n_ubatch, /* has_embd */ batch->embd != nullptr);
+    if (!seq.empty()) {
+        llama_sbatch_seq & s = seq[seq.size() - 1];
+        size_t length = s.length < n_ubatch ? s.length : n_ubatch;
+        GGML_ASSERT(s.n_seq_id > 0); // should not be mixed with simple splits
+        add_seq_to_ubatch(ubatch, s, length);
+    }
+    return ubatch;
+}
+
+void llama_sbatch::from_batch(const llama_batch & batch, size_t n_embd, bool simple_split, bool logits_all) {
+    GGML_ASSERT(batch.n_tokens >= 0);
+    this->batch = &batch;
+    this->n_embd = n_embd;
+    this->logits_all = logits_all;
+
+    n_tokens = batch.n_tokens;
+    ids.resize(n_tokens);
+    out_ids.clear();
+    // TODO: reserve out_ids and seq
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < n_tokens; ++i) {
+        ids[i] = i;
+    }
+    if (simple_split) {
+        seq.resize(1);
+        llama_sbatch_seq & s = seq[0];
+        s.n_seq_id = 0;
+        s.seq_id = nullptr;
+        s.offset = 0;
+        s.length = n_tokens;
+        return;
+    }
+    std::sort(ids.begin(), ids.end(),
+            [&batch](size_t a, size_t b) {
+                int32_t n_seq_a = batch.n_seq_id ? batch.n_seq_id[a] : 1;
+                int32_t n_seq_b = batch.n_seq_id ? batch.n_seq_id[b] : 1;
+                // sort by seq_id, then by pos
+                if (n_seq_a == n_seq_b) {
+                    if (batch.seq_id) {
+                        for (int32_t i = 0; i < n_seq_a; ++i) {
+                            llama_seq_id seq_id_a = batch.seq_id[a][i];
+                            llama_seq_id seq_id_b = batch.seq_id[b][i];
+                            // smaller seq_ids go first
+                            if (seq_id_a != seq_id_b) {
+                                return seq_id_a < seq_id_b;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+                    // when all else is equal, sort by pos
+                    if (batch.pos) {
+                        return batch.pos[a] < batch.pos[b];
+                    }
+                    // no pos, sort by id
+                    return a < b;
+                }
+                // shared prompts go first
+                return n_seq_a > n_seq_b;
+            }
+    );
+    // init seq
+    llama_sbatch_seq * last_seq = nullptr;
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < n_tokens; ++i) {
+        const size_t bi = ids[i];
+        const int32_t n_seqs = batch.n_seq_id[bi];
+        llama_seq_id * seq_ids = batch.seq_id[bi];
+        if (last_seq != nullptr) {
+            bool same = n_seqs == last_seq->n_seq_id;
+            for (int32_t j = 0; same && j < n_seqs; ++j) {
+                if (seq_ids[j] != last_seq->seq_id[j]) {
+                    same = false;
+                }
+            }
+            if (same) {
+                last_seq->length += 1;
+                continue;
+            }
+        }
+        llama_sbatch_seq new_seq = {n_seqs, seq_ids, i, 1};
+        seq.push_back(new_seq);
+        last_seq = &seq.back();
+    }
+    // keep shared prompts first at the end, then sort by length descending.
+    std::sort(seq.begin(), seq.end(),
+            [](llama_sbatch_seq & a, llama_sbatch_seq & b) {
+                if (a.n_seq_id == b.n_seq_id) {
+                    return a.length > b.length;
+                }
+                return a.n_seq_id < b.n_seq_id;
+            }
+            );
+}
+
+llama_batch_allocr::llama_batch_allocr(struct llama_batch in_batch, llama_pos p0) {
+    batch = in_batch;
+    GGML_ASSERT(batch.n_tokens > 0);
+    if (!batch.pos) {
+        pos.resize(batch.n_tokens);
+        for (int32_t i = 0; i < batch.n_tokens; i++) {
+            pos[i] = i + p0;
+        }
+        batch.pos = pos.data();
+    }
+    if (!batch.n_seq_id) {
+        n_seq_id.resize(batch.n_tokens);
+        for (int32_t i = 0; i < batch.n_tokens; i++) {
+            n_seq_id[i] = seq_id_0.size();
+        }
+        batch.n_seq_id = n_seq_id.data();
+    }
+    if (!batch.seq_id) {
+        seq_id.resize(batch.n_tokens + 1);
+        seq_id[batch.n_tokens] = NULL;
+        for (int32_t i = 0; i < batch.n_tokens; i++) {
+            seq_id[i] = seq_id_0.data();
+        }
+        batch.seq_id = seq_id.data();
+    }
+    if (!batch.logits) {
+        logits.resize(batch.n_tokens);
+        logits[logits.size() - 1] = true;
+        batch.logits = logits.data();
+    }
+}
+
+//
+// interface implementation
+//
+
+struct llama_batch llama_batch_get_one(
+             llama_token * tokens,
+                 int32_t   n_tokens) {
+    return {
+        /*n_tokens       =*/ n_tokens,
+        /*tokens         =*/ tokens,
+        /*embd           =*/ nullptr,
+        /*pos            =*/ nullptr,
+        /*n_seq_id       =*/ nullptr,
+        /*seq_id         =*/ nullptr,
+        /*logits         =*/ nullptr,
+    };
+}
+
+struct llama_batch llama_batch_init(int32_t n_tokens_alloc, int32_t embd, int32_t n_seq_max) {
+    llama_batch batch = {
+        /*n_tokens       =*/ 0,
+        /*tokens         =*/ nullptr,
+        /*embd           =*/ nullptr,
+        /*pos            =*/ nullptr,
+        /*n_seq_id       =*/ nullptr,
+        /*seq_id         =*/ nullptr,
+        /*logits         =*/ nullptr,
+    };
+
+    if (embd) {
+        batch.embd = (float *) malloc(sizeof(float) * n_tokens_alloc * embd);
+    } else {
+        batch.token = (llama_token *) malloc(sizeof(llama_token) * n_tokens_alloc);
+    }
+
+    batch.pos      = (llama_pos *)     malloc(sizeof(llama_pos)      * n_tokens_alloc);
+    batch.n_seq_id = (int32_t *)       malloc(sizeof(int32_t)        * n_tokens_alloc);
+    batch.seq_id   = (llama_seq_id **) malloc(sizeof(llama_seq_id *) * (n_tokens_alloc + 1));
+    for (int i = 0; i < n_tokens_alloc; ++i) {
+        batch.seq_id[i] = (llama_seq_id *) malloc(sizeof(llama_seq_id) * n_seq_max);
+    }
+    batch.seq_id[n_tokens_alloc] = nullptr;
+
+    batch.logits   = (int8_t *)        malloc(sizeof(int8_t)         * n_tokens_alloc);
+
+    return batch;
+}
+
+void llama_batch_free(struct llama_batch batch) {
+    if (batch.token)    free(batch.token);
+    if (batch.embd)     free(batch.embd);
+    if (batch.pos)      free(batch.pos);
+    if (batch.n_seq_id) free(batch.n_seq_id);
+    if (batch.seq_id) {
+        for (int i = 0; batch.seq_id[i] != nullptr; ++i) {
+            free(batch.seq_id[i]);
+        }
+        free(batch.seq_id);
+    }
+    if (batch.logits)   free(batch.logits);
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "llama.h"
+
+#include <array>
+#include <vector>
+
+// very similar to llama_batch,
+// but has more metadata about sequences
+struct llama_ubatch {
+    bool equal_seqs;
+    // TODO: whole_seqs for embeddings?
+
+    uint32_t n_tokens; // total tokens (n_seq_tokens * n_seqs)
+    uint32_t n_seq_tokens; // tokens per sequence
+    uint32_t n_seqs;
+
+    llama_token  *  token;    // [n_tokens]
+    float        *  embd;     // [n_embd, n_tokens]
+    llama_pos    *  pos;      // [n_tokens]
+    int32_t      *  n_seq_id; // [n_seqs]
+    llama_seq_id ** seq_id;   // [n_seqs]
+    int8_t       *  output;   // [n_tokens]
+};
+
+struct llama_sbatch_seq {
+    int32_t n_seq_id;
+
+    llama_seq_id * seq_id;
+
+    size_t offset;
+    size_t length;
+};
+
+// sequence-length-aware batch splitting
+struct llama_sbatch {
+    // tokens left in this batch
+    size_t n_tokens;
+
+    size_t n_embd;
+
+    bool logits_all; // TODO: remove once lctx.logits_all is removed too
+
+    // sorted indices into the batch
+    std::vector<size_t> ids;
+    // batch indices of the output
+    std::vector<size_t> out_ids;
+    std::vector<llama_sbatch_seq> seq;
+
+    const llama_batch * batch = nullptr;
+
+    // buffers for the ubatch
+    std::vector<llama_token>    ubatch_token;
+    std::vector<float>          ubatch_embd;
+    std::vector<llama_pos>      ubatch_pos;
+    std::vector<int32_t>        ubatch_n_seq_id;
+    std::vector<llama_seq_id *> ubatch_seq_id;
+    std::vector<int8_t>         ubatch_output;
+
+    llama_ubatch reserve_ubatch(size_t n_ubatch, bool has_embd = false);
+
+    void add_seq_to_ubatch(llama_ubatch & ubatch, llama_sbatch_seq & seq, size_t length);
+
+    // simple split, unknown number of sequences of unequal lengths
+    llama_ubatch split_simple(size_t n_ubatch);
+
+    // make batches of equal-length sequences
+    llama_ubatch split_equal(size_t n_ubatch);
+
+    // sequence-wise split
+    llama_ubatch split_seq(size_t n_ubatch);
+
+    void from_batch(const llama_batch & batch, size_t n_embd, bool simple_split = false, bool logits_all = false);
+};
+
+// temporary allocate memory for the input batch if needed
+struct llama_batch_allocr {
+    struct llama_batch batch;
+
+    std::array<llama_seq_id, 1> seq_id_0 = { 0 }; // default sequence id
+    std::vector<llama_pos>      pos;
+    std::vector<int32_t>        n_seq_id;
+    std::vector<llama_seq_id *> seq_id;
+    std::vector<int8_t>         logits;
+
+    // optionally fulfill the batch returned by llama_batch_get_one
+    llama_batch_allocr(struct llama_batch in_batch, llama_pos p0);
+};
@@ -0,0 +1,567 @@
+#include "llama-chat.h"
+
+#include "llama.h"
+
+#include <map>
+#include <sstream>
+
+#if __cplusplus >= 202000L
+    #define LU8(x) (const char*)(u8##x)
+#else
+    #define LU8(x) u8##x
+#endif
+
+// trim whitespace from the beginning and end of a string
+static std::string trim(const std::string & str) {
+    size_t start = 0;
+    size_t end = str.size();
+    while (start < end && isspace(str[start])) {
+        start += 1;
+    }
+    while (end > start && isspace(str[end - 1])) {
+        end -= 1;
+    }
+    return str.substr(start, end - start);
+}
+
+static const std::map<std::string, llm_chat_template> LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATES = {
+    { "chatml",            LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_CHATML            },
+    { "llama2",            LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_LLAMA_2           },
+    { "llama2-sys",        LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_LLAMA_2_SYS       },
+    { "llama2-sys-bos",    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_LLAMA_2_SYS_BOS   },
+    { "llama2-sys-strip",  LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_LLAMA_2_SYS_STRIP },
+    { "mistral-v1",        LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MISTRAL_V1        },
+    { "mistral-v3",        LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MISTRAL_V3        },
+    { "mistral-v3-tekken", LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MISTRAL_V3_TEKKEN },
+    { "mistral-v7",        LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MISTRAL_V7        },
+    { "phi3",              LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_PHI_3             },
+    { "falcon3",           LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_FALCON_3          },
+    { "zephyr",            LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_ZEPHYR            },
+    { "monarch",           LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MONARCH           },
+    { "gemma",             LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_GEMMA             },
+    { "orion",             LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_ORION             },
+    { "openchat",          LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_OPENCHAT          },
+    { "vicuna",            LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_VICUNA            },
+    { "vicuna-orca",       LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_VICUNA_ORCA       },
+    { "deepseek",          LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_DEEPSEEK          },
+    { "deepseek2",         LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_DEEPSEEK_2        },
+    { "deepseek3",         LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_DEEPSEEK_3        },
+    { "command-r",         LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_COMMAND_R         },
+    { "llama3",            LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_LLAMA_3           },
+    { "chatglm3",          LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_CHATGML_3         },
+    { "chatglm4",          LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_CHATGML_4         },
+    { "minicpm",           LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MINICPM           },
+    { "exaone3",           LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_EXAONE_3          },
+    { "rwkv-world",        LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_RWKV_WORLD        },
+    { "granite",           LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_GRANITE           },
+    { "gigachat",          LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_GIGACHAT          },
+    { "megrez",            LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MEGREZ            },
+};
+
+llm_chat_template llm_chat_template_from_str(const std::string & name) {
+    return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATES.at(name);
+}
+
+llm_chat_template llm_chat_detect_template(const std::string & tmpl) {
+    try {
+        return llm_chat_template_from_str(tmpl);
+    } catch (const std::out_of_range &) {
+        // ignore
+    }
+
+    auto tmpl_contains = [&tmpl](const char * haystack) -> bool {
+        return tmpl.find(haystack) != std::string::npos;
+    };
+    if (tmpl_contains("<|im_start|>")) {
+        return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_CHATML;
+    } else if (tmpl.find("mistral") == 0 || tmpl_contains("[INST]")) {
+        if (tmpl_contains("[SYSTEM_PROMPT]")) {
+            return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MISTRAL_V7;
+        } else if (
+            // catches official 'v1' template
+            tmpl_contains("' [INST] ' + system_message")
+            // catches official 'v3' and 'v3-tekken' templates
+            || tmpl_contains("[AVAILABLE_TOOLS]")
+        ) {
+            // Official mistral 'v1', 'v3' and 'v3-tekken' templates
+            // See: https://github.com/mistralai/cookbook/blob/main/concept-deep-dive/tokenization/chat_templates.md
+            // See: https://github.com/mistralai/cookbook/blob/main/concept-deep-dive/tokenization/templates.md
+            if (tmpl_contains(" [INST]")) {
+                return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MISTRAL_V1;
+            } else if (tmpl_contains("\"[INST]\"")) {
+                return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MISTRAL_V3_TEKKEN;
+            }
+            return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MISTRAL_V3;
+        } else {
+            // llama2 template and its variants
+            // [variant] support system message
+            // See: https://huggingface.co/blog/llama2#how-to-prompt-llama-2
+            bool support_system_message = tmpl_contains("<<SYS>>");
+            bool add_bos_inside_history = tmpl_contains("bos_token + '[INST]");
+            bool strip_message = tmpl_contains("content.strip()");
+            if (strip_message) {
+                return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_LLAMA_2_SYS_STRIP;
+            } else if (add_bos_inside_history) {
+                return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_LLAMA_2_SYS_BOS;
+            } else if (support_system_message) {
+                return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_LLAMA_2_SYS;
+            } else {
+                return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_LLAMA_2;
+            }
+        }
+    } else if (tmpl_contains("<|assistant|>") && tmpl_contains("<|end|>")) {
+        return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_PHI_3;
+    } else if (tmpl_contains("<|assistant|>") && tmpl_contains("<|user|>")) {
+        return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_FALCON_3;
+    } else if (tmpl_contains("<|user|>") && tmpl_contains("<|endoftext|>")) {
+        return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_ZEPHYR;
+    } else if (tmpl_contains("bos_token + message['role']")) {
+        return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MONARCH;
+    } else if (tmpl_contains("<start_of_turn>")) {
+        return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_GEMMA;
+    } else if (tmpl_contains("'\\n\\nAssistant: ' + eos_token")) {
+        // OrionStarAI/Orion-14B-Chat
+        return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_ORION;
+    } else if (tmpl_contains("GPT4 Correct ")) {
+        // openchat/openchat-3.5-0106
+        return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_OPENCHAT;
+    } else if (tmpl_contains("USER: ") && tmpl_contains("ASSISTANT: ")) {
+        // eachadea/vicuna-13b-1.1 (and Orca variant)
+        if (tmpl_contains("SYSTEM: ")) {
+            return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_VICUNA_ORCA;
+        }
+        return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_VICUNA;
+    } else if (tmpl_contains("### Instruction:") && tmpl_contains("<|EOT|>")) {
+        // deepseek-ai/deepseek-coder-33b-instruct
+        return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_DEEPSEEK;
+    } else if (tmpl_contains("<|START_OF_TURN_TOKEN|>") && tmpl_contains("<|USER_TOKEN|>")) {
+        // CohereForAI/c4ai-command-r-plus
+        return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_COMMAND_R;
+    } else if (tmpl_contains("<|start_header_id|>") && tmpl_contains("<|end_header_id|>")) {
+        return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_LLAMA_3;
+    } else if (tmpl_contains("[gMASK]sop")) {
+        // chatglm3-6b
+        return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_CHATGML_3;
+    } else if (tmpl_contains("[gMASK]<sop>")) {
+        return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_CHATGML_4;
+    } else if (tmpl_contains(LU8("<用户>"))) {
+        // MiniCPM-3B-OpenHermes-2.5-v2-GGUF
+        return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MINICPM;
+    } else if (tmpl_contains("'Assistant: ' + message['content'] + eos_token")) {
+        return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_DEEPSEEK_2;
+    } else if (tmpl_contains(LU8("'<｜Assistant｜>' + message['content'] + '<｜end▁of▁sentence｜>'"))) {
+        return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_DEEPSEEK_3;
+    } else if (tmpl_contains("[|system|]") && tmpl_contains("[|assistant|]") && tmpl_contains("[|endofturn|]")) {
+        // ref: https://huggingface.co/LGAI-EXAONE/EXAONE-3.0-7.8B-Instruct/discussions/8#66bae61b1893d14ee8ed85bb
+        // EXAONE-3.0-7.8B-Instruct
+        return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_EXAONE_3;
+    } else if (tmpl_contains("rwkv-world")) {
+        return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_RWKV_WORLD;
+    } else if (tmpl_contains("<|start_of_role|>")) {
+        return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_GRANITE;
+    } else if (tmpl_contains("message['role'] + additional_special_tokens[0] + message['content'] + additional_special_tokens[1]")) {
+        return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_GIGACHAT;
+    } else if (tmpl_contains("<|role_start|>")) {
+        return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MEGREZ;
+    }
+    return LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_UNKNOWN;
+}
+
+// Simple version of "llama_apply_chat_template" that only works with strings
+// This function uses heuristic checks to determine commonly used template. It is not a jinja parser.
+int32_t llm_chat_apply_template(
+    llm_chat_template tmpl,
+    const std::vector<const llama_chat_message *> & chat,
+    std::string & dest, bool add_ass) {
+    // Taken from the research: https://github.com/ggerganov/llama.cpp/issues/5527
+    std::stringstream ss;
+    if (tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_CHATML) {
+        // chatml template
+        for (auto message : chat) {
+            ss << "<|im_start|>" << message->role << "\n" << message->content << "<|im_end|>\n";
+        }
+        if (add_ass) {
+            ss << "<|im_start|>assistant\n";
+        }
+    } else if (tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MISTRAL_V7) {
+        // Official mistral 'v7' template
+        // See: https://huggingface.co/mistralai/Mistral-Large-Instruct-2411#basic-instruct-template-v7
+        for (auto message : chat) {
+            std::string role(message->role);
+            std::string content(message->content);
+            if (role == "system") {
+                ss << "[SYSTEM_PROMPT] " << content << "[/SYSTEM_PROMPT]";
+            } else if (role == "user") {
+                ss << "[INST] " << content << "[/INST]";
+            }
+            else {
+                ss << " " << content << "</s>";
+            }
+        }
+    } else if (tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MISTRAL_V1
+            || tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MISTRAL_V3
+            || tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MISTRAL_V3_TEKKEN) {
+        // See: https://github.com/mistralai/cookbook/blob/main/concept-deep-dive/tokenization/chat_templates.md
+        // See: https://github.com/mistralai/cookbook/blob/main/concept-deep-dive/tokenization/templates.md
+        std::string leading_space = tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MISTRAL_V1 ? " " : "";
+        std::string trailing_space = tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MISTRAL_V3_TEKKEN ? "" : " ";
+        bool trim_assistant_message = tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MISTRAL_V3;
+        bool is_inside_turn = false;
+        for (auto message : chat) {
+            if (!is_inside_turn) {
+                ss << leading_space << "[INST]" << trailing_space;
+                is_inside_turn = true;
+            }
+            std::string role(message->role);
+            std::string content(message->content);
+            if (role == "system") {
+                ss << content << "\n\n";
+            } else if (role == "user") {
+                ss << content << leading_space << "[/INST]";
+            } else {
+                ss << trailing_space << (trim_assistant_message ? trim(content) : content) << "</s>";
+                is_inside_turn = false;
+            }
+        }
+    } else if (
+            tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_LLAMA_2
+            || tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_LLAMA_2_SYS
+            || tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_LLAMA_2_SYS_BOS
+            || tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_LLAMA_2_SYS_STRIP) {
+        // llama2 template and its variants
+        // [variant] support system message
+        // See: https://huggingface.co/blog/llama2#how-to-prompt-llama-2
+        bool support_system_message = tmpl != LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_LLAMA_2;
+        // [variant] add BOS inside history
+        bool add_bos_inside_history = tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_LLAMA_2_SYS_BOS;
+        // [variant] trim spaces from the input message
+        bool strip_message = tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_LLAMA_2_SYS_STRIP;
+        // construct the prompt
+        bool is_inside_turn = true; // skip BOS at the beginning
+        ss << "[INST] ";
+        for (auto message : chat) {
+            std::string content = strip_message ? trim(message->content) : message->content;
+            std::string role(message->role);
+            if (!is_inside_turn) {
+                is_inside_turn = true;
+                ss << (add_bos_inside_history ? "<s>[INST] " : "[INST] ");
+            }
+            if (role == "system") {
+                if (support_system_message) {
+                    ss << "<<SYS>>\n" << content << "\n<</SYS>>\n\n";
+                } else {
+                    // if the model does not support system message, we still include it in the first message, but without <<SYS>>
+                    ss << content << "\n";
+                }
+            } else if (role == "user") {
+                ss << content << " [/INST]";
+            } else {
+                ss << content << "</s>";
+                is_inside_turn = false;
+            }
+        }
+    } else if (tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_PHI_3) {
+        // Phi 3
+        for (auto message : chat) {
+            std::string role(message->role);
+            ss << "<|" << role << "|>\n" << message->content << "<|end|>\n";
+        }
+        if (add_ass) {
+            ss << "<|assistant|>\n";
+        }
+    } else if (tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_FALCON_3) {
+        // Falcon 3
+        for (auto message : chat) {
+            std::string role(message->role);
+            ss << "<|" << role << "|>\n" << message->content << "\n";
+        }
+        if (add_ass) {
+            ss << "<|assistant|>\n";
+        }
+    } else if (tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_ZEPHYR) {
+        // zephyr template
+        for (auto message : chat) {
+            ss << "<|" << message->role << "|>" << "\n" << message->content << "<|endoftext|>\n";
+        }
+        if (add_ass) {
+            ss << "<|assistant|>\n";
+        }
+    } else if (tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MONARCH) {
+        // mlabonne/AlphaMonarch-7B template (the <s> is included inside history)
+        for (auto message : chat) {
+            std::string bos = (message == chat.front()) ? "" : "<s>"; // skip BOS for first message
+            ss << bos << message->role << "\n" << message->content << "</s>\n";
+        }
+        if (add_ass) {
+            ss << "<s>assistant\n";
+        }
+    } else if (tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_GEMMA) {
+        // google/gemma-7b-it
+        std::string system_prompt = "";
+        for (auto message : chat) {
+            std::string role(message->role);
+            if (role == "system") {
+                // there is no system message for gemma, but we will merge it with user prompt, so nothing is broken
+                system_prompt = trim(message->content);
+                continue;
+            }
+            // in gemma, "assistant" is "model"
+            role = role == "assistant" ? "model" : message->role;
+            ss << "<start_of_turn>" << role << "\n";
+            if (!system_prompt.empty() && role != "model") {
+                ss << system_prompt << "\n\n";
+                system_prompt = "";
+            }
+            ss << trim(message->content) << "<end_of_turn>\n";
+        }
+        if (add_ass) {
+            ss << "<start_of_turn>model\n";
+        }
+    } else if (tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_ORION) {
+        // OrionStarAI/Orion-14B-Chat
+        std::string system_prompt = "";
+        for (auto message : chat) {
+            std::string role(message->role);
+            if (role == "system") {
+                // there is no system message support, we will merge it with user prompt
+                system_prompt = message->content;
+                continue;
+            } else if (role == "user") {
+                ss << "Human: ";
+                if (!system_prompt.empty()) {
+                    ss << system_prompt << "\n\n";
+                    system_prompt = "";
+                }
+                ss << message->content << "\n\nAssistant: </s>";
+            } else {
+                ss << message->content << "</s>";
+            }
+        }
+    } else if (tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_OPENCHAT) {
+        // openchat/openchat-3.5-0106,
+        for (auto message : chat) {
+            std::string role(message->role);
+            if (role == "system") {
+                ss << message->content << "<|end_of_turn|>";
+            } else {
+                role[0] = toupper(role[0]);
+                ss << "GPT4 Correct " << role << ": " << message->content << "<|end_of_turn|>";
+            }
+        }
+        if (add_ass) {
+            ss << "GPT4 Correct Assistant:";
+        }
+    } else if (tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_VICUNA || tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_VICUNA_ORCA) {
+        // eachadea/vicuna-13b-1.1 (and Orca variant)
+        for (auto message : chat) {
+            std::string role(message->role);
+            if (role == "system") {
+                // Orca-Vicuna variant uses a system prefix
+                if (tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_VICUNA_ORCA) {
+                    ss << "SYSTEM: " << message->content << "\n";
+                } else {
+                    ss << message->content << "\n\n";
+                }
+            } else if (role == "user") {
+                ss << "USER: " << message->content << "\n";
+            } else if (role == "assistant") {
+                ss << "ASSISTANT: " << message->content << "</s>\n";
+            }
+        }
+        if (add_ass) {
+            ss << "ASSISTANT:";
+        }
+    } else if (tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_DEEPSEEK) {
+        // deepseek-ai/deepseek-coder-33b-instruct
+        for (auto message : chat) {
+            std::string role(message->role);
+            if (role == "system") {
+                ss << message->content;
+            } else if (role == "user") {
+                ss << "### Instruction:\n" << message->content << "\n";
+            } else if (role == "assistant") {
+                ss << "### Response:\n" << message->content << "\n<|EOT|>\n";
+            }
+        }
+        if (add_ass) {
+            ss << "### Response:\n";
+        }
+    } else if (tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_COMMAND_R) {
+        // CohereForAI/c4ai-command-r-plus
+        for (auto message : chat) {
+            std::string role(message->role);
+            if (role == "system") {
+                ss << "<|START_OF_TURN_TOKEN|><|SYSTEM_TOKEN|>" << trim(message->content) << "<|END_OF_TURN_TOKEN|>";
+            } else if (role == "user") {
+                ss << "<|START_OF_TURN_TOKEN|><|USER_TOKEN|>" << trim(message->content) << "<|END_OF_TURN_TOKEN|>";
+            } else if (role == "assistant") {
+                ss << "<|START_OF_TURN_TOKEN|><|CHATBOT_TOKEN|>" << trim(message->content) << "<|END_OF_TURN_TOKEN|>";
+            }
+        }
+        if (add_ass) {
+            ss << "<|START_OF_TURN_TOKEN|><|CHATBOT_TOKEN|>";
+        }
+    } else if (tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_LLAMA_3) {
+        // Llama 3
+        for (auto message : chat) {
+            std::string role(message->role);
+            ss << "<|start_header_id|>" << role << "<|end_header_id|>\n\n" << trim(message->content) << "<|eot_id|>";
+        }
+        if (add_ass) {
+            ss << "<|start_header_id|>assistant<|end_header_id|>\n\n";
+        }
+    } else if (tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_CHATGML_3) {
+        // chatglm3-6b
+        ss << "[gMASK]" << "sop";
+        for (auto message : chat) {
+            std::string role(message->role);
+            ss << "<|" << role << "|>" << "\n " << message->content;
+        }
+        if (add_ass) {
+            ss << "<|assistant|>";
+        }
+    } else if (tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_CHATGML_4) {
+        ss << "[gMASK]" << "<sop>";
+        for (auto message : chat) {
+            std::string role(message->role);
+            ss << "<|" << role << "|>" << "\n" << message->content;
+        }
+        if (add_ass) {
+            ss << "<|assistant|>";
+        }
+    } else if (tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MINICPM) {
+        // MiniCPM-3B-OpenHermes-2.5-v2-GGUF
+        for (auto message : chat) {
+            std::string role(message->role);
+            if (role == "user") {
+                ss << LU8("<用户>");
+                ss << trim(message->content);
+                ss << "<AI>";
+            } else {
+                ss << trim(message->content);
+            }
+        }
+    } else if (tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_DEEPSEEK_2) {
+        // DeepSeek-V2
+        for (auto message : chat) {
+            std::string role(message->role);
+            if (role == "system") {
+                ss << message->content << "\n\n";
+            } else if (role == "user") {
+                ss << "User: " << message->content << "\n\n";
+            } else if (role == "assistant") {
+                ss << "Assistant: " << message->content << LU8("<｜end▁of▁sentence｜>");
+            }
+        }
+        if (add_ass) {
+            ss << "Assistant:";
+        }
+    } else if (tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_DEEPSEEK_3) {
+        // DeepSeek-V3
+        for (auto message : chat) {
+            std::string role(message->role);
+            if (role == "system") {
+                ss << message->content << "\n\n";
+            } else if (role == "user") {
+                ss << LU8("<｜User｜>") << message->content;
+            } else if (role == "assistant") {
+                ss << LU8("<｜Assistant｜>") << message->content << LU8("<｜end▁of▁sentence｜>");
+            }
+        }
+        if (add_ass) {
+            ss << LU8("<｜Assistant｜>");
+        }
+    } else if (tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_EXAONE_3) {
+        // ref: https://huggingface.co/LGAI-EXAONE/EXAONE-3.0-7.8B-Instruct/discussions/8#66bae61b1893d14ee8ed85bb
+        // EXAONE-3.0-7.8B-Instruct
+        for (auto message : chat) {
+            std::string role(message->role);
+            if (role == "system") {
+                ss << "[|system|]" << trim(message->content) << "[|endofturn|]\n";
+            } else if (role == "user") {
+                ss << "[|user|]" << trim(message->content) << "\n";
+            } else if (role == "assistant") {
+                ss << "[|assistant|]" << trim(message->content) << "[|endofturn|]\n";
+            }
+        }
+        if (add_ass) {
+            ss << "[|assistant|]";
+        }
+    } else if (tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_RWKV_WORLD) {
+        // this template requires the model to have "\n\n" as EOT token
+        for (auto message : chat) {
+            std::string role(message->role);
+            if (role == "user") {
+                ss << "User: " << message->content << "\n\nAssistant:";
+            } else {
+                ss << message->content << "\n\n";
+            }
+        }
+    } else if (tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_GRANITE) {
+        // IBM Granite template
+        for (const auto & message : chat) {
+            std::string role(message->role);
+            ss << "<|start_of_role|>" << role << "<|end_of_role|>";
+            if (role == "assistant_tool_call") {
+                ss << "<|tool_call|>";
+            }
+            ss << message->content << "<|end_of_text|>\n";
+        }
+        if (add_ass) {
+            ss << "<|start_of_role|>assistant<|end_of_role|>\n";
+        }
+    } else if (tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_GIGACHAT) {
+        // GigaChat template
+        bool has_system = !chat.empty() && std::string(chat[0]->role) == "system";
+
+        // Handle system message if present
+        if (has_system) {
+            ss << "<s>" << chat[0]->content << "<|message_sep|>";
+        } else {
+            ss << "<s>";
+        }
+
+        // Process remaining messages
+        for (size_t i = has_system ? 1 : 0; i < chat.size(); i++) {
+            std::string role(chat[i]->role);
+            if (role == "user") {
+                ss << "user<|role_sep|>" << chat[i]->content << "<|message_sep|>"
+                << "available functions<|role_sep|>[]<|message_sep|>";
+            } else if (role == "assistant") {
+                ss << "assistant<|role_sep|>" << chat[i]->content << "<|message_sep|>";
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Add generation prompt if needed
+        if (add_ass) {
+            ss << "assistant<|role_sep|>";
+        }
+    }  else if (tmpl == LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MEGREZ) {
+        // Megrez template
+        for (auto message : chat) {
+            std::string role(message->role);
+            ss << "<|role_start|>" << role << "<|role_end|>" << message->content << "<|turn_end|>";
+        }
+
+        if (add_ass) {
+            ss << "<|role_start|>assistant<|role_end|>";
+        }
+    } else {
+        // template not supported
+        return -1;
+    }
+    dest = ss.str();
+    return dest.size();
+}
+
+// public interface
+
+int32_t llama_chat_builtin_templates(const char ** output, size_t len) {
+    auto it = LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATES.begin();
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < std::min(len, LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATES.size()); i++) {
+        output[i] = it->first.c_str();
+        std::advance(it, 1);
+    }
+    return (int32_t) LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATES.size();
+}
+
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+#include <cstdint>
+
+enum llm_chat_template {
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_CHATML,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_LLAMA_2,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_LLAMA_2_SYS,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_LLAMA_2_SYS_BOS,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_LLAMA_2_SYS_STRIP,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MISTRAL_V1,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MISTRAL_V3,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MISTRAL_V3_TEKKEN,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MISTRAL_V7,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_PHI_3,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_FALCON_3,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_ZEPHYR,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MONARCH,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_GEMMA,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_ORION,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_OPENCHAT,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_VICUNA,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_VICUNA_ORCA,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_DEEPSEEK,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_DEEPSEEK_2,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_DEEPSEEK_3,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_COMMAND_R,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_LLAMA_3,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_CHATGML_3,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_CHATGML_4,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MINICPM,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_EXAONE_3,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_RWKV_WORLD,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_GRANITE,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_GIGACHAT,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_MEGREZ,
+    LLM_CHAT_TEMPLATE_UNKNOWN,
+};
+
+struct llama_chat_message;
+
+llm_chat_template llm_chat_template_from_str(const std::string & name);
+
+llm_chat_template llm_chat_detect_template(const std::string & tmpl);
+
+int32_t llm_chat_apply_template(
+    llm_chat_template tmpl,
+    const std::vector<const llama_chat_message *> & chat,
+    std::string & dest, bool add_ass);
@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "llama.h"
+#include "llama-batch.h"
+#include "llama-cparams.h"
+#include "llama-model.h"
+#include "llama-kv-cache.h"
+#include "llama-adapter.h"
+
+#include "ggml-cpp.h"
+
+#include <map>
+#include <unordered_map>
+#include <vector>
+#include <set>
+
+struct llama_context {
+    llama_context(const llama_model & model)
+        : model(model)
+        , t_start_us(model.t_start_us)
+        , t_load_us(model.t_load_us) {}
+
+    const struct llama_model & model;
+
+    struct llama_cparams        cparams;
+    struct llama_sbatch         sbatch;  // TODO: revisit if needed
+    struct llama_kv_cache       kv_self;
+    struct llama_control_vector cvec;
+
+    std::unordered_map<struct llama_lora_adapter *, float> lora_adapters;
+
+    std::vector<ggml_backend_ptr> backends;
+    std::vector<std::pair<ggml_backend_t, ggml_backend_set_n_threads_t>> set_n_threads_fns;
+
+    ggml_backend_t backend_cpu = nullptr;
+
+    ggml_threadpool_t threadpool       = nullptr;
+    ggml_threadpool_t threadpool_batch = nullptr;
+
+    bool has_evaluated_once = false;
+
+    mutable int64_t t_start_us;
+    mutable int64_t t_load_us;
+    mutable int64_t t_p_eval_us = 0;
+    mutable int64_t t_eval_us   = 0;
+
+    mutable int64_t t_compute_start_us = 0;
+    mutable int64_t n_queued_tokens = 0;
+
+    mutable int32_t n_p_eval = 0; // number of tokens in eval calls for the prompt (with batch size > 1)
+    mutable int32_t n_eval   = 0; // number of eval calls
+
+    // host buffer for the model output (logits and embeddings)
+    ggml_backend_buffer_ptr buf_output;
+
+    // decode output (2-dimensional array: [n_outputs][n_vocab])
+    size_t  logits_size = 0; // capacity (of floats) for logits
+    float * logits      = nullptr;
+
+    std::vector<int32_t> output_ids; // map batch token positions to ids of the logits and embd buffers
+    size_t  output_size = 0; // capacity (of tokens positions) for the output buffers
+    int32_t n_outputs   = 0; // number of actually-used outputs in the current ubatch or last logical batch
+
+    bool logits_all = false;
+
+    // embeddings output (2-dimensional array: [n_outputs][n_embd])
+    // populated only when pooling_type == LLAMA_POOLING_TYPE_NONE
+    size_t  embd_size = 0; // capacity (of floats) for embeddings
+    float * embd      = nullptr;
+
+    // sequence embeddings output (map of [n_embd] vectors)
+    // populated only when pooling_type != LLAMA_POOLING_TYPE_NONE
+    std::map<llama_seq_id, std::vector<float>> embd_seq;
+
+    // whether we are computing encoder output or decoder output
+    bool is_encoding = false;
+
+    // TODO: find a better way to accommodate mutli-dimension position encoding methods
+    // number of position id each token get, 1 for each token in most cases.
+    // when using m-rope, it will be 3 position ids per token to representing 3 dimension coordinate.
+    int n_pos_per_token = 1;
+
+    // output of the encoder part of the encoder-decoder models
+    std::vector<float> embd_enc;
+    std::vector<std::set<llama_seq_id>> seq_ids_enc;
+
+    // memory buffers used to evaluate the model
+    std::vector<uint8_t> buf_compute_meta;
+    ggml_backend_sched_ptr sched;
+
+    ggml_abort_callback abort_callback      = nullptr;
+    void *              abort_callback_data = nullptr;
+
+    // input tensors
+    struct ggml_tensor * inp_tokens;        // I32 [n_batch]
+    struct ggml_tensor * inp_embd;          // F32 [n_embd, n_batch]
+    struct ggml_tensor * inp_pos;           // I32 [n_batch]
+    struct ggml_tensor * inp_out_ids;       // I32 [n_outputs]
+    struct ggml_tensor * inp_KQ_mask;       // F32 [kv_size, n_batch]
+    struct ggml_tensor * inp_KQ_mask_swa;   // F32 [kv_size, n_batch]
+    struct ggml_tensor * inp_K_shift;       // I32 [kv_size]
+    struct ggml_tensor * inp_mean;          // F32 [n_batch, n_batch]
+    struct ggml_tensor * inp_cls;           // I32 [n_batch]
+    struct ggml_tensor * inp_s_copy;        // I32 [kv_size]
+    struct ggml_tensor * inp_s_mask;        // F32 [1, n_kv]
+    struct ggml_tensor * inp_s_seq;         // I32 [n_kv, n_batch]
+    struct ggml_tensor * inp_pos_bucket;    // I32 [n_batch|n_kv, n_batch]
+    struct ggml_tensor * inp_embd_enc;      // F32 [n_embd, n_outputs_enc]
+    struct ggml_tensor * inp_KQ_mask_cross; // F32 [n_outputs_enc, n_batch]
+};
+
+// TODO: make these methods of llama_context
+void llama_set_k_shift(struct llama_context & lctx);
+
+void llama_set_s_copy(struct llama_context & lctx);
+
+void llama_set_inputs(llama_context & lctx, const llama_ubatch & ubatch);
+
+// Make sure enough space is available for outputs.
+// Returns max number of outputs for which space was reserved.
+size_t llama_output_reserve(struct llama_context & lctx, size_t n_outputs);
+
+// make the outputs have the same order they had in the user-provided batch
+void llama_output_reorder(struct llama_context & ctx);
+
+// For internal test use
+// TODO: remove
+const std::vector<std::pair<std::string, struct ggml_tensor *>> & llama_internal_get_tensor_map(struct llama_context * ctx);
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+#include "llama-cparams.h"
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+#pragma once
+
+#include "llama.h"
+
+#include <cstdint>
+
+struct llama_cparams {
+    uint32_t n_ctx;           // context size used during inference
+    uint32_t n_batch;
+    uint32_t n_ubatch;
+    uint32_t n_seq_max;
+    int      n_threads;       // number of threads to use for generation
+    int      n_threads_batch; // number of threads to use for batch processing
+
+    float rope_freq_base;
+    float rope_freq_scale;
+
+    uint32_t n_ctx_orig_yarn;
+    // These hyperparameters are not exposed in GGUF, because all
+    // existing YaRN models use the same values for them.
+    float yarn_ext_factor;
+    float yarn_attn_factor;
+    float yarn_beta_fast;
+    float yarn_beta_slow;
+    float defrag_thold;
+
+    bool embeddings;
+    bool causal_attn;
+    bool offload_kqv;
+    bool flash_attn;
+    bool no_perf;
+
+    enum llama_pooling_type pooling_type;
+
+    ggml_backend_sched_eval_callback cb_eval;
+    void * cb_eval_user_data;
+};
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "llama-grammar.h"

+#include "llama-impl.h"
 #include "llama-vocab.h"
 #include "llama-sampling.h"

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 #pragma once

-#include "llama-impl.h"
+#include "llama.h"

 #include <map>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>

 struct llama_vocab;

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+#include "llama-hparams.h"
+
+#include "ggml.h"
+
+uint32_t llama_hparams::n_head(uint32_t il) const {
+    if (il < n_layer) {
+        return n_head_arr[il];
+    }
+
+    GGML_ABORT("fatal error");
+}
+
+uint32_t llama_hparams::n_head_kv(uint32_t il) const {
+    if (il < n_layer) {
+        return n_head_kv_arr[il];
+    }
+
+    GGML_ABORT("fatal error");
+}
+
+uint32_t llama_hparams::n_ff(uint32_t il) const {
+    if (il < n_layer) {
+        return n_ff_arr[il];
+    }
+
+    GGML_ABORT("fatal error");
+}
+
+uint32_t llama_hparams::n_gqa(uint32_t il) const {
+    const uint32_t n_head    = this->n_head(il);
+    const uint32_t n_head_kv = this->n_head_kv(il);
+
+    if (n_head_kv == 0) {
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    return n_head/n_head_kv;
+}
+
+uint32_t llama_hparams::n_embd_k_gqa(uint32_t il) const {
+    const uint32_t n_head_kv = this->n_head_kv(il);
+
+    return n_embd_head_k * n_head_kv;
+}
+
+uint32_t llama_hparams::n_embd_v_gqa(uint32_t il) const {
+    const uint32_t n_head_kv = this->n_head_kv(il);
+
+    return n_embd_head_v * n_head_kv;
+}
+
+uint32_t llama_hparams::n_embd_k_s() const {
+    if (wkv_head_size != 0) {
+        // for RWKV models
+        return 2 * n_embd;
+    }
+
+    // TODO: maybe support other convolution strides than 1
+    // NOTE: since the first column of the conv_state is shifted out each time, it's not actually needed
+    return (ssm_d_conv > 0 ? ssm_d_conv - 1 : 0) * ssm_d_inner;
+}
+
+uint32_t llama_hparams::n_embd_v_s() const {
+    if (wkv_head_size != 0) {
+        // corresponds to RWKV's wkv_states size
+        return n_embd * wkv_head_size;
+    }
+
+    // corresponds to Mamba's ssm_states size
+    return ssm_d_state * ssm_d_inner;
+}
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More
Author	SHA1	Message	Date
Akarshan Biswas	c0d6f790d0	SYCL: Use get_multi_ptr instead of deprecated get_pointer in wkv6 (#11087 ) * SYCL: Use get_multi_ptr instead of deprecated get_pointer in wkv6 * Revert "SYCL: Use get_multi_ptr instead of deprecated get_pointer in wkv6" This reverts commit `f62dc45f31`. * Reland: Use get_multi_ptr instead of deprecated get_pointer in wkv6	2025-01-07 14:26:07 +08:00
Eric Curtin	dc7cef9f37	llama-run : fix context size (#11094 ) Set `n_ctx` equal to `n_batch` in `Opt` class. Now context size is a more reasonable 2048. Signed-off-by: Eric Curtin <ecurtin@redhat.com>	2025-01-06 23:45:28 +01:00
Georgi Gerganov	ecebbd292d	llama : remove unused headers (#11109 ) ggml-ci	2025-01-06 17:52:35 +02:00
Xuan Son Nguyen	96be8c3264	github : add cmd line field to bug report (#11090 ) * github : cmd line to bug report * codeowners : (@ngxson) only watch dockerfile * Apply suggestions from code review [no ci] Co-authored-by: Johannes Gäßler <johannesg@5d6.de> * rm cmd in log output [no ci] * rm 2 [no ci] * no need backticks [no ci] --------- Co-authored-by: Johannes Gäßler <johannesg@5d6.de>	2025-01-06 16:34:49 +01:00
Georgi Gerganov	e6e7c75d94	server : fix extra BOS in infill endpoint (#11106 ) * server : fix extra BOS in infill endpoing ggml-ci * server : update infill tests	2025-01-06 15:36:08 +02:00
Xuan Son Nguyen	09186fabbe	llama : remove check flash_attn with lora (#11104 )	2025-01-06 13:41:12 +01:00
Asghar Ghorbani	96a1dc27c3	llama : prevent system info string accumulation across calls (#11101 )	2025-01-06 13:21:46 +02:00
Daniel Bevenius	6369f867a4	llama : rename missed batch params/vars to ubatch (#10059 ) This commit renames the `batch` parameter to `ubatch` in the `llama_kv_cache_find_slot`, `llm_build_inp_embd`, and `llm_build_mamba` functions. The motivation for this is that this should have been done as part of Commit `19d900a756` ("llama : rename batch to ubatch (#9950)") but for some reason I missed these functions in that commit and only noticed them now (sorry).	2025-01-06 11:28:17 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	47182dd03f	llama : update llama_model API names (#11063 ) * llama : deprecate llama_free_model, add llama_model_free ggml-ci * llama : change `llama_load_model_from_file` -> `llama_model_load_from_file` ggml-ci	2025-01-06 10:55:18 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	3e6e7a6bc2	tokenize : escape the prompt (#11058 ) * tokenize : escape the prompt * tokenize : update help	2025-01-06 10:54:25 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	ae2f606bb5	mmap : fix fileno macro clash (#11076 ) * mmap : fix fileno macro clash ggml-ci * cont ggml-ci	2025-01-06 10:52:38 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	727368c60f	llama : use LLAMA_TOKEN_NULL (#11062 ) ggml-ci	2025-01-06 10:52:15 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	5047dd3546	llama : use _impl suffix instead of _internal (#11060 ) ggml-ci	2025-01-06 10:52:01 +02:00
Johannes Gäßler	46e3556e01	CUDA: add BF16 support (#11093 ) * CUDA: add BF16 support	2025-01-06 02:33:52 +01:00
0cc4m	b56f079e28	Vulkan: Add device-specific blacklist for coopmat for the AMD proprietary driver (#11074 ) * Vulkan: Add device-specific blacklist for coopmat for the AMD proprietary driver * Add (TM) to AMD name check	2025-01-04 21:09:59 +01:00
fairydreaming	9394bbd484	llama : Add support for DeepSeek V3 (#11049 ) * convert : extend DEEPSEEK2 model architecture to support DeepseekV3ForCausalLM by adding EXPERT_WEIGHTS_NORM and EXPERT_GATING_FUNC model parameters and FFN_EXP_PROBS_B tensor type * vocab : add DeepSeek V3 pre-tokenizer regexes * unicode : handle ACCENT_MARK and SYMBOL categories in regex * llama : add DeepSeek V3 chat template, handle new model parameters and tensor types --------- Co-authored-by: Stanisław Szymczyk <sszymczy@gmail.com>	2025-01-04 21:06:11 +01:00
matt23654	f922a9c542	[GGML][RPC] Support for models with non-512-aligned tensors over RPC. (#11047 ) * Added init tensor calling code * Added get_alloc_size forwarding * Cleaned up and improved type/error handling. * fix: remove trailing whitespaces. * Cleanup and use GGML error logging functions. * Handle potentially dangerous edge cases. * Apply suggestions from code review Co-authored-by: Diego Devesa <slarengh@gmail.com> --------- Co-authored-by: Diego Devesa <slarengh@gmail.com>	2025-01-04 17:10:30 +01:00
DAN™	46be942214	llama : add support for the cohere2 model architecture (#10900 )	2025-01-04 16:33:31 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	78c6785175	sync : ggml	2025-01-04 16:09:53 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	5e3b08d606	ggml : do not install metal source when embed library (ggml/1054)	2025-01-04 16:09:53 +02:00
Daniel Bevenius	db68c93b57	ggml : improve inputs log sched_print_assignments (ggml/1053) This commit attempts to improve the log message for the inputs of the splits in the sched_print_assignments function. The motivation for this change is that currently even if there are no inputs a colon is displayed at the end of the line, which can make it a little confusing when reading the output as it could be interpreted as the line below are inputs when they are in fact nodes. With this change the colon will only be printed if there actually are inputs.	2025-01-04 16:09:53 +02:00
Gilad S.	c31fc8b966	fix: Vulkan shader gen binary path (#11037 )	2025-01-04 09:17:31 +01:00
Molly Sophia	4b0c638b9a	common : disable KV cache shifting automatically for unsupported models (#11053 ) * Disable KV cache shifting automatically for unsupported models instead of exiting directly Signed-off-by: Molly Sophia <mollysophia379@gmail.com> * Update common/common.cpp Co-authored-by: Georgi Gerganov <ggerganov@gmail.com> --------- Signed-off-by: Molly Sophia <mollysophia379@gmail.com> Co-authored-by: Georgi Gerganov <ggerganov@gmail.com>	2025-01-03 14:13:18 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	e7da954ecc	metal : avoid uint (#11019 )	2025-01-03 11:26:14 +02:00
Georgi Gerganov	f66f582927	llama : refactor `src/llama.cpp` (#10902 ) * llama : scatter llama.cpp into multiple modules (wip) * llama : control-vector -> adapter * llama : arch * llama : mmap ggml-ci * ci : remove BUILD_SHARED_LIBS=OFF ggml-ci * llama : arch (cont) ggml-ci * llama : chat ggml-ci * llama : model ggml-ci * llama : hparams ggml-ci * llama : adapter ggml-ci * examples : fix ggml-ci * rebase ggml-ci * minor * llama : kv cache ggml-ci * llama : impl ggml-ci * llama : batch ggml-ci * cont ggml-ci * llama : context ggml-ci * minor * llama : context (cont) ggml-ci * llama : model loader ggml-ci * common : update lora ggml-ci * llama : quant ggml-ci * llama : quant (cont) ggml-ci * minor [no ci]	2025-01-03 10:18:53 +02:00
Pierrick Hymbert	2f0ee84b9b	server: bench: minor fixes (#10765 ) * server/bench: - support openAI streaming standard output with [DONE]\n\n - export k6 raw results in csv - fix too many tcp idle connection in tcp_wait - add metric time to emit first token * server/bench: - fix when prometheus not started - wait for server to be ready before starting bench	2025-01-02 18:06:12 +01:00
Xuan Son Nguyen	0da5d86026	server : allow using LoRA adapters per-request (#10994 ) * slot.can_batch_with * lora per request * test: force disable cache prompt * move can_batch_with check * fix condition * add slow test with llama 8b * update docs * move lora change task to queue * Apply suggestions from code review Co-authored-by: Georgi Gerganov <ggerganov@gmail.com> * lora_base * remove redundant check --------- Co-authored-by: Georgi Gerganov <ggerganov@gmail.com>	2025-01-02 15:05:18 +01:00
Benson Wong	a45433ba20	readme : add llama-swap to infrastructure section (#11032 ) * list llama-swap under tools in README * readme: add llama-swap to Infrastructure	2025-01-02 09:14:54 +02:00
Srihari-mcw	0827b2c1da	ggml : fixes for AVXVNNI instruction set with MSVC and Clang (#11027 ) * Fixes for clang AVX VNNI * enable AVX VNNI and alder lake build for MSVC * Apply suggestions from code review --------- Co-authored-by: slaren <slarengh@gmail.com>	2024-12-31 15:23:33 +01:00
Xuan Son Nguyen	45095a61bf	server : clean up built-in template detection (#11026 ) * server : clean up built-in template detection * fix compilation * add chat template test * fix condition	2024-12-31 15:22:01 +01:00
Xuan Son Nguyen	5896c65232	server : add OAI compat for /v1/completions (#10974 ) * server : add OAI compat for /v1/completions * add test * add docs * better docs	2024-12-31 12:34:13 +01:00
ymcki	bc7b1f8632	convert : fix Llama-3_1-Nemotron-51B rope settings (#11008 ) * conflict resolution * move comments after bracket to its own line * DeciLMCausalModel now reads rope_theta from config.json properly	2024-12-31 13:04:48 +02:00
Peter	6e1531aca5	common, examples, ggml : fix MSYS2 GCC compiler errors and warnings when building with LLAMA_CURL=ON and GGML_OPENCL=ON (#11013 ) In common/common.cpp: * Convert usage of stat() function call to check if file exists to standard library function std::filesystem::exists (error unable to match to correct function signature) * Additional conditions to check if PATH_MAX is already defined in WIN32 environment (warning it is already defined in MSYS2) In examples/run/run.cpp: * Add io.h header inclusion (error cannot find function _get_osfhandle) * Change initialisers for OVERLAPPED to empty struct (warning about uninitialised members) * Add initialiser for hFile (warning it may be uninitialised) * Add cast for curl_off_t percentage value to long int in generate_progress_prefix function (warning that curl_off_t is long long int) In ggml/src/ggml-opencl/ggml-opencl.cpp: * Initialise certain declared cl_mem variables to nullptr for greater safety (warning about B_d variable possibly used unassigned)	2024-12-31 01:46:06 +01:00