Make RSI directions default to 1. (#1495)

Add some helper methods, made an `example.rsi` for testing.

Closes #1463

MSBuild/XamlIL.targets

@@ -1,24 +1,63 @@
 <Project xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003" ToolsVersion="12.0">
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <RobustUseExternalMSBuild>true</RobustUseExternalMSBuild>
+    <_RobustUseExternalMSBuild>$(RobustUseExternalMSBuild)</_RobustUseExternalMSBuild>
+    <_RobustUseExternalMSBuild Condition="'$(_RobustForceInternalMSBuild)' == 'true'">false</_RobustUseExternalMSBuild>
+  </PropertyGroup>
   <ItemGroup>
     <Compile Update="**\*.xaml.cs">
       <DependentUpon>%(Filename)</DependentUpon>
     </Compile>
-    <EmbeddedResource Include="**\*.xaml" />
-    <AdditionalFiles Include="**\*.xaml" />
+    <EmbeddedResource Include="**\*.xaml"/>
+    <AdditionalFiles Include="**\*.xaml"/>
   </ItemGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>
-    <ProjectReference Include="$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)\..\Robust.Client.NameGenerator\Robust.Client.NameGenerator.csproj" OutputItemType="Analyzer" ReferenceOutputAssembly="false" />
-    <ProjectReference Include="$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)\..\Robust.Client.Injectors\Robust.Client.Injectors.csproj" ReferenceOutputAssembly="false" />
+    <ProjectReference Include="$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)\..\Robust.Client.NameGenerator\Robust.Client.NameGenerator.csproj" OutputItemType="Analyzer" ReferenceOutputAssembly="false"/>
+    <ProjectReference Include="$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)\..\Robust.Client.Injectors\Robust.Client.Injectors.csproj" ReferenceOutputAssembly="false"/>
   </ItemGroup>
 
-  <UsingTask TaskName="CompileRobustXamlTask" AssemblyFile="$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)\..\Robust.Client.Injectors\bin\$(Configuration)\net5.0\Robust.Client.Injectors.dll" />
-  <Target Name="CompileRobustXaml" AfterTargets="AfterCompile">
+  <UsingTask
+    Condition="'$(_RobustUseExternalMSBuild)' != 'true' And $(DesignTimeBuild) != true"
+    TaskName="CompileRobustXamlTask"
+    AssemblyFile="$(MSBuildThisFileDirectory)\..\Robust.Client.Injectors\bin\$(Configuration)\netstandard2.0\Robust.Client.Injectors.dll"/>
+  <Target
+    Name="CompileRobustXaml"
+    Condition="Exists('@(IntermediateAssembly)')"
+    AfterTargets="AfterCompile"
+    Inputs="@(IntermediateAssembly);@(ReferencePathWithRefAssemblies)"
+    Outputs="$(IntermediateOutputPath)XAML/doot">
     <PropertyGroup>
       <RobustXamlReferencesTemporaryFilePath Condition="'$(RobustXamlReferencesTemporaryFilePath)' == ''">$(IntermediateOutputPath)XAML/references</RobustXamlReferencesTemporaryFilePath>
       <RobustXamlOriginalCopyFilePath Condition="'$(RobustXamlOriginalCopyFilePath)' == ''">$(IntermediateOutputPath)XAML/original.dll</RobustXamlOriginalCopyFilePath>
     </PropertyGroup>
-    <WriteLinesToFile File="$(RobustXamlReferencesTemporaryFilePath)" Lines="@(ReferencePathWithRefAssemblies)" Overwrite="true" />
-    <CompileRobustXamlTask AssemblyFile="@(IntermediateAssembly)" ReferencesFilePath="$(RobustXamlReferencesTemporaryFilePath)" OriginalCopyPath="$(RobustXamlOriginalCopyFilePath)" ProjectDirectory="$(MSBuildProjectDirectory)" AssemblyOriginatorKeyFile="$(AssemblyOriginatorKeyFile)" SignAssembly="$(SignAssembly)" DelaySign="$(DelaySign)" />
+    <WriteLinesToFile
+      Condition="'$(_RobustForceInternalMSBuild)' != 'true'"
+      File="$(RobustXamlReferencesTemporaryFilePath)"
+      Lines="@(ReferencePathWithRefAssemblies)"
+      Overwrite="true"/>
+
+    <!--
+    UpdateBuildIndicator is done so that we can use MSBuild Inputs and Outputs on the target
+    to avoid unecessary execution of this target
+    Saves compile time if e.g. ONLY Robust.Client changes (Content.Client doesn't have to re-xaml).
+    -->
+    <CompileRobustXamlTask
+      Condition="'$(_RobustUseExternalMSBuild)' != 'true'"
+      AssemblyFile="@(IntermediateAssembly)"
+      ReferencesFilePath="$(RobustXamlReferencesTemporaryFilePath)"
+      OriginalCopyPath="$(RobustXamlOriginalCopyFilePath)"
+      ProjectDirectory="$(MSBuildProjectDirectory)"
+      AssemblyOriginatorKeyFile="$(AssemblyOriginatorKeyFile)"
+      SignAssembly="$(SignAssembly)"
+      DelaySign="$(DelaySign)"
+      UpdateBuildIndicator="$(IntermediateOutputPath)XAML/doot"/>
+
+    <PropertyGroup>
+      <DOTNET_HOST_PATH Condition="'$(DOTNET_HOST_PATH)' == ''">dotnet</DOTNET_HOST_PATH>
+    </PropertyGroup>
+    <Exec
+      Condition="'$(_RobustUseExternalMSBuild)' == 'true'"
+      Command="&quot;$(DOTNET_HOST_PATH)&quot; msbuild /nodereuse:false $(MSBuildProjectFile) /t:CompileRobustXaml /p:_RobustForceInternalMSBuild=true /p:Configuration=$(Configuration) /p:RuntimeIdentifier=$(RuntimeIdentifier) /p:TargetFramework=$(TargetFramework) /p:BuildProjectReferences=false"/>
   </Target>
 </Project>

Robust.Client.Injectors/CompileRobustXamlTask.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-using System.Diagnostics;
+using System;
+using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using Microsoft.Build.Framework;
@@ -48,6 +49,19 @@ namespace Robust.Build.Tasks
                 if(File.Exists(inputPdb))
                     File.Copy(inputPdb, outputPdb, true);
             }
+
+            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(UpdateBuildIndicator))
+            {
+                if (!File.Exists(UpdateBuildIndicator))
+                {
+                    File.Create(UpdateBuildIndicator).Dispose();
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    File.SetLastWriteTime(UpdateBuildIndicator, DateTime.Now);
+                }
+            }
+
             return true;
         }
 
@@ -64,6 +78,7 @@ namespace Robust.Build.Tasks
         public string OriginalCopyPath { get; set; }
 
         public string OutputPath { get; set; }
+        public string UpdateBuildIndicator { get; set; }
 
         public string AssemblyOriginatorKeyFile { get; set; }
         public bool SignAssembly { get; set; }

Robust.Client.Injectors/Robust.Client.Injectors.csproj

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 <Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
 
     <PropertyGroup>
-        <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
         <TargetFramework>netstandard2.0</TargetFramework>
+        <CopyLocalLockFileAssemblies>true</CopyLocalLockFileAssemblies>
     </PropertyGroup>
 
     <ItemGroup>

Robust.Client.Injectors/XamlCompiler.cs

@@ -31,6 +31,16 @@ namespace Robust.Build.Tasks
 
             var asm = typeSystem.TargetAssemblyDefinition;
 
+            if (asm.MainModule.GetType("CompiledRobustXaml", "XamlIlContext") != null)
+            {
+                // If this type exists, the assembly has already been processed by us.
+                // Do not run again, it would corrupt the file.
+                // This *shouldn't* be possible due to Inputs/Outputs dependencies in the build system,
+                // but better safe than sorry eh?
+                engine.LogWarningEvent(new BuildWarningEventArgs("XAMLIL", "", "", 0, 0, 0, 0, "Ran twice on same assembly file; ignoring.", "", ""));
+                return (true, false);
+            }
+
             var compileRes = CompileCore(engine, typeSystem);
             if (compileRes == null)
                 return (true, false);

Robust.Client.NameGenerator/Robust.Client.NameGenerator.csproj

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@
     </PropertyGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>
-    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp" Version="3.8.0-3.final" PrivateAssets="all" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Analyzers" Version="3.3.1" PrivateAssets="all" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp" Version="3.8.0" PrivateAssets="all" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.Analyzers" Version="3.3.2" PrivateAssets="all" />
   </ItemGroup>
 
   <ItemGroup>

Robust.Client/Audio/Midi/MidiManager.cs

@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Audio.Midi
         private const string OsxSoundfont =
             "/System/Library/Components/CoreAudio.component/Contents/Resources/gs_instruments.dls";
 
-        private const string FallbackSoundfont = "/Resources/Midi/fallback.sf2";
+        private const string FallbackSoundfont = "/Midi/fallback.sf2";
 
         private readonly ResourceLoaderCallbacks _soundfontLoaderCallbacks = new();
 
@@ -207,13 +207,10 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Audio.Midi
 
                 var renderer = new MidiRenderer(_settings!, soundfontLoader);
 
-                foreach (var file in _resourceManager.ContentFindFiles(new ResourcePath("/Audio/MidiCustom/")))
+                foreach (var file in _resourceManager.ContentFindFiles(("/Audio/MidiCustom/")))
                 {
                     if (file.Extension != "sf2" && file.Extension != "dls") continue;
-                    if (_resourceManager.TryGetDiskFilePath(file, out var path))
-                    {
-                        renderer.LoadSoundfont(path);
-                    }
+                    renderer.LoadSoundfont(file.ToString());
                 }
 
                 // Since the last loaded soundfont takes priority, we load the fallback soundfont before the soundfont.
@@ -382,10 +379,18 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Audio.Midi
 
             public override IntPtr Open(string filename)
             {
-                Stream? stream;
-                if (filename.StartsWith("/Resources/"))
+                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(filename))
                 {
-                    if (!IoCManager.Resolve<IResourceCache>().TryContentFileRead(filename.Substring(10), out stream))
+                    return IntPtr.Zero;
+                }
+
+                Stream? stream;
+                var resourceCache = IoCManager.Resolve<IResourceCache>();
+                var resourcePath = new ResourcePath(filename);
+
+                if (resourcePath.IsRooted && resourceCache.ContentFileExists(filename))
+                {
+                    if (!resourceCache.TryContentFileRead(filename, out stream))
                         return IntPtr.Zero;
                 }
                 else if (File.Exists(filename))

Robust.Client/Console/Commands/AddCompCommand.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+using JetBrains.Annotations;
+using Robust.Client.Interfaces.Console;
+using Robust.Client.Player;
+using Robust.Shared.GameObjects;
+using Robust.Shared.Interfaces.GameObjects;
+using Robust.Shared.IoC;
+
+namespace Robust.Client.Console.Commands
+{
+    [UsedImplicitly]
+    internal sealed class AddCompCommand : IConsoleCommand
+    {
+        public string Command => "addcompc";
+        public string Description => "Adds a component to an entity on the client";
+        public string Help => "addcompc <uid> <componentName>";
+
+        public bool Execute(IDebugConsole shell, params string[] args)
+        {
+
+            if (args.Length != 2)
+            {
+                shell.AddLine("Wrong number of arguments");
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            var entityUid = EntityUid.Parse(args[0]);
+            var componentName = args[1];
+
+            var compManager = IoCManager.Resolve<IComponentManager>();
+            var compFactory = IoCManager.Resolve<IComponentFactory>();
+            var entityManager = IoCManager.Resolve<IEntityManager>();
+
+            var entity = entityManager.GetEntity(entityUid);
+            var component = (Component) compFactory.GetComponent(componentName);
+
+            component.Owner = entity;
+
+            compManager.AddComponent(entity, component);
+
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    [UsedImplicitly]
+    internal sealed class RemoveCompCommand : IConsoleCommand
+    {
+        public string Command => "rmcompc";
+        public string Description => "Removes a component from an entity.";
+        public string Help => "rmcompc <uid> <componentName>";
+
+        public bool Execute(IDebugConsole shell, string[] args)
+        {
+            if (args.Length != 2)
+            {
+                shell.AddLine("Wrong number of arguments");
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            var entityUid = EntityUid.Parse(args[0]);
+            var componentName = args[1];
+
+            var compManager = IoCManager.Resolve<IComponentManager>();
+            var compFactory = IoCManager.Resolve<IComponentFactory>();
+
+            var registration = compFactory.GetRegistration(componentName);
+
+            compManager.RemoveComponent(entityUid, registration.Type);
+
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+}

Robust.Client/Console/Commands/Debug.cs

@@ -781,6 +781,21 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Console.Commands
         }
     }
 
+    internal class GcFullCommand : IConsoleCommand
+    {
+        public string Command => "gcf";
+        public string Description => "Run the GC, fully, compacting LOH and everything.";
+        public string Help => "gcf";
+
+        public bool Execute(IDebugConsole console, params string[] args)
+        {
+            GCSettings.LargeObjectHeapCompactionMode = GCLargeObjectHeapCompactionMode.CompactOnce;
+            GC.Collect(2, GCCollectionMode.Forced, true, true);
+
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
     internal class GcModeCommand : IConsoleCommand
     {
 

Robust.Client/Console/Commands/LauncherAuthCommand.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#if !FULL_RELEASE
+using System.IO;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Text.Json;
+using System.Text.Json.Serialization;
+using Robust.Client.Interfaces.Console;
+using Robust.Client.Utility;
+using Robust.Shared;
+using Robust.Shared.Interfaces.Configuration;
+using Robust.Shared.IoC;
+
+namespace Robust.Client.Console.Commands
+{
+    internal sealed class LauncherAuthCommand : IConsoleCommand
+    {
+        public string Command => "launchauth";
+        public string Description => "Load authentication tokens from launcher data to aid in testing of live servers";
+        public string Help => "launchauth [account name]";
+
+        public bool Execute(IDebugConsole console, params string[] args)
+        {
+            var wantName = args.Length > 0 ? args[0] : null;
+
+            var basePath = Path.GetDirectoryName(UserDataDir.GetUserDataDir())!;
+            var cfgPath = Path.Combine(basePath, "launcher", "launcher_config.json");
+
+            var data = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<LauncherConfig>(File.ReadAllText(cfgPath))!;
+
+            var login = wantName != null
+                ? data.Logins.FirstOrDefault(p => p.Username == wantName)
+                : data.Logins.FirstOrDefault();
+
+            if (login == null)
+            {
+                console.AddLine("Unable to find a matching login");
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            var token = login.Token.Token;
+            var userId = login.UserId;
+
+            var cfg = IoCManager.Resolve<IConfigurationManagerInternal>();
+            cfg.SetSecureCVar(CVars.AuthUserId, userId);
+            cfg.SetSecureCVar(CVars.AuthToken, token);
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        private sealed class LauncherConfig
+        {
+            [JsonInclude] [JsonPropertyName("logins")]
+            public LauncherLogin[] Logins = default!;
+        }
+
+        private sealed class LauncherLogin
+        {
+            [JsonInclude] public string Username = default!;
+            [JsonInclude] public string UserId = default!;
+            [JsonInclude] public LauncherToken Token = default!;
+        }
+
+        private sealed class LauncherToken
+        {
+            [JsonInclude] public string Token = default!;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#endif

Robust.Client/Console/Commands/SetInputContextCommand.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+using JetBrains.Annotations;
+using Robust.Client.Interfaces.Console;
+using Robust.Client.Interfaces.Input;
+using Robust.Shared.IoC;
+
+namespace Robust.Client.Console.Commands
+{
+    [UsedImplicitly]
+    public class SetInputContextCommand : IConsoleCommand
+    {
+        public string Command => "setinputcontext";
+        public string Description => "Sets the active input context.";
+        public string Help => "setinputcontext <context>";
+
+        public bool Execute(IDebugConsole console, params string[] args)
+        {
+            if (args.Length != 1)
+            {
+                console.AddLine("Invalid number of arguments!");
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            var inputMan = IoCManager.Resolve<IInputManager>();
+
+            if (!inputMan.Contexts.Exists(args[0]))
+            {
+                console.AddLine("Context not found!");
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            inputMan.Contexts.SetActiveContext(args[0]);
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+}

Robust.Client/GameObjects/Components/Animations/AnimationPlayerComponent.cs

@@ -48,11 +48,21 @@ namespace Robust.Client.GameObjects.Components.Animations
                 return;
             }
 
+            List<string>? toRemove = null;
             // TODO: Get rid of this ToArray() allocation.
             foreach (var (key, playback) in _playingAnimations.ToArray())
             {
                 var keep = UpdatePlayback(Owner, playback, frameTime);
                 if (!keep)
+                {
+                    toRemove ??= new List<string>();
+                    toRemove.Add(key);
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (toRemove != null)
+            {
+                foreach (var key in toRemove)
                 {
                     _playingAnimations.Remove(key);
                     AnimationCompleted?.Invoke(key);

Robust.Client/GameObjects/Components/Appearance/AppearanceComponent.cs

@@ -54,17 +54,17 @@ namespace Robust.Client.GameObjects
             return (T) data[key];
         }
 
-        public override bool TryGetData<T>(Enum key, [MaybeNullWhen(false)] out T data)
+        public override bool TryGetData<T>(Enum key, [NotNullWhen(true)] out T data)
         {
             return TryGetData(key, out data);
         }
 
-        public override bool TryGetData<T>(string key, [MaybeNullWhen(false)] out T data)
+        public override bool TryGetData<T>(string key, [NotNullWhen(true)] out T data)
         {
             return TryGetData(key, out data);
         }
 
-        internal bool TryGetData<T>(object key, [MaybeNullWhen(false)] out T data)
+        internal bool TryGetData<T>(object key, [NotNullWhen(true)] out T data)
         {
             if (this.data.TryGetValue(key, out var dat))
             {
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ namespace Robust.Client.GameObjects
                 return true;
             }
 
-            data = default;
+            data = default!;
             return false;
         }
 

Robust.Client/GameObjects/Components/Renderable/SpriteComponent.cs

@@ -991,6 +991,9 @@ namespace Robust.Client.GameObjects
             var mRotation = Matrix3.CreateRotation(angle);
             Matrix3.Multiply(ref mRotation, ref mOffset, out var transform);
 
+            // Only apply scale if needed.
+            if(!Scale.EqualsApprox(Vector2.One)) transform.Multiply(Matrix3.CreateScale(Scale));
+
             transform.Multiply(worldTransform);
 
             RenderInternal(drawingHandle, worldRotation, overrideDirection, transform);

Robust.Client/GameObjects/EntitySystems/InputSystem.cs

@@ -128,7 +128,8 @@ namespace Robust.Client.GameObjects.EntitySystems
 
             if (!entity.TryGetComponent(out InputComponent? inputComp))
             {
-                Logger.DebugS("input.context", $"AttachedEnt has no InputComponent: entId={entity.Uid}, entProto={entity.Prototype}");
+                Logger.DebugS("input.context", $"AttachedEnt has no InputComponent: entId={entity.Uid}, entProto={entity.Prototype}. Setting default \"{InputContextContainer.DefaultContextName}\" context...");
+                inputMan.Contexts.SetActiveContext(InputContextContainer.DefaultContextName);
                 return;
             }
 
@@ -138,7 +139,8 @@ namespace Robust.Client.GameObjects.EntitySystems
             }
             else
             {
-                Logger.ErrorS("input.context", $"Unknown context: entId={entity.Uid}, entProto={entity.Prototype}, context={inputComp.ContextName}");
+                Logger.ErrorS("input.context", $"Unknown context: entId={entity.Uid}, entProto={entity.Prototype}, context={inputComp.ContextName}. . Setting default \"{InputContextContainer.DefaultContextName}\" context...");
+                inputMan.Contexts.SetActiveContext(InputContextContainer.DefaultContextName);
             }
         }
 

Robust.Client/Graphics/Clyde/Audio/Clyde.AudioFormats.OggVorbis.cs

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Graphics.Clyde
 
                 while (readSamples < totalSamples)
                 {
-                    var read = vorbis.ReadSamples(buffer, readSamples * channels, (int)totalSamples - readSamples);
+                    var read = vorbis.ReadSamples(buffer, readSamples * channels, buffer.Length - readSamples);
                     if (read == 0)
                     {
                         break;

Robust.Client/Graphics/Clyde/Clyde.RenderTargets.cs

@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Graphics.Clyde
                 CheckGlError();
 
                 // Check on original format is NOT a bug, this is so srgb emulation works
-                textureObject = GenTexture(texture, size, format.ColorFormat == RTCF.Rgba8Srgb, name == null ? null : $"{name}-color");
+                textureObject = GenTexture(texture, size, format.ColorFormat == RTCF.Rgba8Srgb, name == null ? null : $"{name}-color", TexturePixelType.RenderTarget);
             }
 
             // Depth/stencil buffers.

Robust.Client/Graphics/Clyde/Clyde.Textures.cs

@@ -11,6 +11,9 @@ using Robust.Shared.Utility;
 using SixLabors.ImageSharp;
 using SixLabors.ImageSharp.PixelFormats;
 using OGLTextureWrapMode = OpenToolkit.Graphics.OpenGL.TextureWrapMode;
+using PIF = OpenToolkit.Graphics.OpenGL4.PixelInternalFormat;
+using PF = OpenToolkit.Graphics.OpenGL4.PixelFormat;
+using PT = OpenToolkit.Graphics.OpenGL4.PixelType;
 
 namespace Robust.Client.Graphics.Clyde
 {
@@ -20,8 +23,7 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Graphics.Clyde
         private ClydeTexture _stockTextureBlack = default!;
         private ClydeTexture _stockTextureTransparent = default!;
 
-        private readonly Dictionary<ClydeHandle, LoadedTexture> _loadedTextures =
-            new();
+        private readonly Dictionary<ClydeHandle, LoadedTexture> _loadedTextures = new();
 
         private readonly ConcurrentQueue<ClydeHandle> _textureDisposeQueue = new();
 
@@ -69,85 +71,129 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Graphics.Clyde
             // Flip image because OpenGL reads images upside down.
             var copy = FlipClone(image);
 
-            var texture = new GLHandle((uint) GL.GenTexture());
-            CheckGlError();
-            GL.BindTexture(TextureTarget.Texture2D, texture.Handle);
-            CheckGlError();
-            ApplySampleParameters(actualParams.SampleParameters);
-
-            PixelInternalFormat internalFormat;
-            PixelFormat pixelDataFormat;
-            PixelType pixelDataType;
-            bool isActuallySrgb = false;
-
-            if (pixelType == typeof(Rgba32))
-            {
-                // Note that if _hasGLSrgb is off, we import an sRGB texture as non-sRGB.
-                // Shaders are expected to compensate for this
-                internalFormat = (actualParams.Srgb && _hasGLSrgb) ? PixelInternalFormat.Srgb8Alpha8 : PixelInternalFormat.Rgba8;
-                isActuallySrgb = actualParams.Srgb;
-                pixelDataFormat = PixelFormat.Rgba;
-                pixelDataType = PixelType.UnsignedByte;
-            }
-            else if (pixelType == typeof(A8))
-            {
-                if (image.Width % 4 != 0 || image.Height % 4 != 0)
-                {
-                    throw new ArgumentException("Alpha8 images must have multiple of 4 sizes.");
-                }
-
-                internalFormat = PixelInternalFormat.R8;
-                pixelDataFormat = PixelFormat.Red;
-                pixelDataType = PixelType.UnsignedByte;
-
-                unsafe
-                {
-                    // TODO: Does it make sense to default to 1 for RGB parameters?
-                    // It might make more sense to pass some options to change swizzling.
-                    GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2D, TextureParameterName.TextureSwizzleR, (int) All.One);
-                    GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2D, TextureParameterName.TextureSwizzleG, (int) All.One);
-                    GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2D, TextureParameterName.TextureSwizzleB, (int) All.One);
-                    GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2D, TextureParameterName.TextureSwizzleA, (int) All.Red);
-                }
-            }
-            else if (pixelType == typeof(L8) && !actualParams.Srgb)
-            {
-                // Can only use R8 for L8 if sRGB is OFF.
-                // Because OpenGL doesn't provide sRGB single/dual channel image formats.
-                // Vulkan when?
-                if (copy.Width % 4 != 0 || copy.Height % 4 != 0)
-                {
-                    throw new ArgumentException("L8 non-sRGB images must have multiple of 4 sizes.");
-                }
-
-                internalFormat = PixelInternalFormat.R8;
-                pixelDataFormat = PixelFormat.Red;
-                pixelDataType = PixelType.UnsignedByte;
-
-                GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2D, TextureParameterName.TextureSwizzleR, (int) All.Red);
-                GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2D, TextureParameterName.TextureSwizzleG, (int) All.Red);
-                GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2D, TextureParameterName.TextureSwizzleB, (int) All.Red);
-                GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2D, TextureParameterName.TextureSwizzleA, (int) All.One);
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                throw new NotImplementedException($"Unable to handle pixel type '{pixelType.Name}'");
-            }
+            var texture = CreateBaseTextureInternal<T>(image.Width, image.Height, actualParams, name);
 
             unsafe
             {
                 var span = copy.GetPixelSpan();
                 fixed (T* ptr = span)
                 {
-                    GL.TexImage2D(TextureTarget.Texture2D, 0, internalFormat, copy.Width, copy.Height, 0,
-                        pixelDataFormat, pixelDataType, (IntPtr) ptr);
-                    CheckGlError();
+                    // Still bound.
+                    DoTexUpload(copy.Width, copy.Height, actualParams.Srgb, ptr);
                 }
             }
 
-            var pressureEst = EstPixelSize(internalFormat) * copy.Width * copy.Height;
+            return texture;
+        }
 
-            return GenTexture(texture, (copy.Width, copy.Height), isActuallySrgb, name, pressureEst);
+        public unsafe OwnedTexture CreateBlankTexture<T>(
+            Vector2i size,
+            string? name = null,
+            in TextureLoadParameters? loadParams = null)
+            where T : unmanaged, IPixel<T>
+        {
+            var actualParams = loadParams ?? TextureLoadParameters.Default;
+            if (!_hasGLTextureSwizzle)
+            {
+                // Actually create RGBA32 texture if missing texture swizzle.
+                // This is fine (TexturePixelType that's stored) because all other APIs do the same.
+                if (typeof(T) == typeof(A8) || typeof(T) == typeof(L8))
+                {
+                    return CreateBlankTexture<Rgba32>(size, name, loadParams);
+                }
+            }
+
+            var texture = CreateBaseTextureInternal<T>(
+                size.X, size.Y,
+                actualParams,
+                name);
+
+            // Texture still bound, run glTexImage2D with null data param to specify bounds.
+            DoTexUpload<T>(size.X, size.Y, actualParams.Srgb, null);
+
+            return texture;
+        }
+
+        private unsafe void DoTexUpload<T>(int width, int height, bool srgb, T* ptr) where T : unmanaged, IPixel<T>
+        {
+            if (sizeof(T) < 4)
+            {
+                GL.PixelStore(PixelStoreParameter.UnpackAlignment, 1);
+                CheckGlError();
+            }
+
+            var (pif, pf, pt) = PixelEnums<T>(srgb);
+            GL.TexImage2D(TextureTarget.Texture2D, 0, pif, width, height, 0, pf, pt, (IntPtr) ptr);
+            CheckGlError();
+
+            if (sizeof(T) < 4)
+            {
+                GL.PixelStore(PixelStoreParameter.UnpackAlignment, 4);
+                CheckGlError();
+            }
+        }
+
+        private ClydeTexture CreateBaseTextureInternal<T>(
+            int width, int height,
+            in TextureLoadParameters loadParams,
+            string? name = null)
+            where T : unmanaged, IPixel<T>
+        {
+            var texture = new GLHandle((uint) GL.GenTexture());
+            CheckGlError();
+            GL.BindTexture(TextureTarget.Texture2D, texture.Handle);
+            CheckGlError();
+            ApplySampleParameters(loadParams.SampleParameters);
+
+            var (pif, _, _) = PixelEnums<T>(loadParams.Srgb);
+            var pixelType = typeof(T);
+            var texPixType = GetTexturePixelType<T>();
+            var isActuallySrgb = false;
+
+            if (pixelType == typeof(Rgba32))
+            {
+                isActuallySrgb = loadParams.Srgb;
+            }
+            else if (pixelType == typeof(A8))
+            {
+                DebugTools.Assert(_hasGLTextureSwizzle);
+
+                // TODO: Does it make sense to default to 1 for RGB parameters?
+                // It might make more sense to pass some options to change swizzling.
+                GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2D, TextureParameterName.TextureSwizzleR, (int) All.One);
+                CheckGlError();
+                GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2D, TextureParameterName.TextureSwizzleG, (int) All.One);
+                CheckGlError();
+                GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2D, TextureParameterName.TextureSwizzleB, (int) All.One);
+                CheckGlError();
+                GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2D, TextureParameterName.TextureSwizzleA, (int) All.Red);
+                CheckGlError();
+            }
+            else if (pixelType == typeof(L8) && !loadParams.Srgb)
+            {
+                DebugTools.Assert(_hasGLTextureSwizzle);
+
+                // Can only use R8 for L8 if sRGB is OFF.
+                // Because OpenGL doesn't provide sRGB single/dual channel image formats.
+                // Vulkan when?
+
+                GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2D, TextureParameterName.TextureSwizzleR, (int) All.Red);
+                CheckGlError();
+                GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2D, TextureParameterName.TextureSwizzleG, (int) All.Red);
+                CheckGlError();
+                GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2D, TextureParameterName.TextureSwizzleB, (int) All.Red);
+                CheckGlError();
+                GL.TexParameter(TextureTarget.Texture2D, TextureParameterName.TextureSwizzleA, (int) All.One);
+                CheckGlError();
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                throw new NotSupportedException($"Unable to handle pixel type '{pixelType.Name}'");
+            }
+
+            var pressureEst = EstPixelSize(pif) * width * height;
+
+            return GenTexture(texture, (width, height), isActuallySrgb, name, texPixType, pressureEst);
         }
 
         private void ApplySampleParameters(TextureSampleParameters? sampleParameters)
@@ -201,10 +247,30 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Graphics.Clyde
                 default:
                     throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException();
             }
+
             CheckGlError();
         }
 
-        private ClydeTexture GenTexture(GLHandle glHandle, Vector2i size, bool srgb, string? name, long memoryPressure=0)
+        private (PIF pif, PF pf, PT pt) PixelEnums<T>(bool srgb)
+            where T : unmanaged, IPixel<T>
+        {
+            return default(T) switch
+            {
+                // Note that if _hasGLSrgb is off, we import an sRGB texture as non-sRGB.
+                // Shaders are expected to compensate for this
+                Rgba32 => (srgb && _hasGLSrgb ? PIF.Srgb8Alpha8 : PIF.Rgba8, PF.Rgba, PT.UnsignedByte),
+                A8 or L8 => (PIF.R8, PF.Red, PT.UnsignedByte),
+                _ => throw new NotSupportedException("Unsupported pixel type."),
+            };
+        }
+
+        private ClydeTexture GenTexture(
+            GLHandle glHandle,
+            Vector2i size,
+            bool srgb,
+            string? name,
+            TexturePixelType pixType,
+            long memoryPressure = 0)
         {
             if (name != null)
             {
@@ -222,7 +288,8 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Graphics.Clyde
                 Height = height,
                 IsSrgb = srgb,
                 Name = name,
-                MemoryPressure = memoryPressure
+                MemoryPressure = memoryPressure,
+                TexturePixelType = pixType
                 // TextureInstance = new WeakReference<ClydeTexture>(instance)
             };
 
@@ -246,6 +313,97 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Graphics.Clyde
             //GC.RemoveMemoryPressure(loadedTexture.MemoryPressure);
         }
 
+        private unsafe void SetSubImage<T>(
+            ClydeTexture texture,
+            Vector2i dstTl,
+            Image<T> srcImage,
+            in UIBox2i srcBox)
+            where T : unmanaged, IPixel<T>
+        {
+            if (!_hasGLTextureSwizzle)
+            {
+                if (typeof(T) == typeof(A8))
+                {
+                    SetSubImage(texture, dstTl, ApplyA8Swizzle((Image<A8>) (object) srcImage), srcBox);
+                }
+
+                if (typeof(T) == typeof(L8))
+                {
+                    SetSubImage(texture, dstTl, ApplyL8Swizzle((Image<L8>) (object) srcImage), srcBox);
+                }
+            }
+
+            var loaded = _loadedTextures[texture.TextureId];
+
+            var pixType = GetTexturePixelType<T>();
+
+            if (pixType != loaded.TexturePixelType)
+            {
+                if (loaded.TexturePixelType == TexturePixelType.RenderTarget)
+                    throw new InvalidOperationException("Cannot modify texture for render target directly.");
+
+                throw new InvalidOperationException("Mismatching pixel type for texture.");
+            }
+
+            if (loaded.Width < dstTl.X + srcBox.Width || loaded.Height < dstTl.Y + srcBox.Height)
+                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(srcBox), "Destination rectangle out of bounds.");
+
+            if (srcBox.Left < 0 || srcBox.Top < 0 || srcBox.Right > srcImage.Width || srcBox.Bottom > srcImage.Height)
+                throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(srcBox), "Source rectangle out of bounds.");
+
+            if (sizeof(T) != 4)
+            {
+                GL.PixelStore(PixelStoreParameter.UnpackAlignment, 1);
+                CheckGlError();
+            }
+
+            // sRGB doesn't matter since that only changes the internalFormat, which we don't need here.
+            var (_, pf, pt) = PixelEnums<T>(srgb: false);
+
+            GL.BindTexture(TextureTarget.Texture2D, loaded.OpenGLObject.Handle);
+            CheckGlError();
+
+            var size = srcBox.Width * srcBox.Height;
+
+            var copyBuffer = size < 16 * 16 ? stackalloc T[size] : new T[size];
+
+            for (var y = 0; y < srcBox.Height; y++)
+            for (var x = 0; x < srcBox.Width; x++)
+            {
+                copyBuffer[(srcBox.Height - y - 1) * srcBox.Width + x] = srcImage[x + srcBox.Left, srcBox.Top + y];
+            }
+
+            fixed (T* aPtr = copyBuffer)
+            {
+                var dstY = loaded.Height - dstTl.Y - srcBox.Height;
+                GL.TexSubImage2D(
+                    TextureTarget.Texture2D,
+                    0,
+                    dstTl.X, dstY,
+                    srcBox.Width, srcBox.Height,
+                    pf, pt,
+                    (IntPtr) aPtr);
+                CheckGlError();
+            }
+
+            if (sizeof(T) != 4)
+            {
+                GL.PixelStore(PixelStoreParameter.UnpackAlignment, 4);
+                CheckGlError();
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static TexturePixelType GetTexturePixelType<T>() where T : unmanaged, IPixel<T>
+        {
+            return default(T) switch
+            {
+                Rgba32 => TexturePixelType.Rgba32,
+                L8 => TexturePixelType.L8,
+                A8 => TexturePixelType.A8,
+                _ => throw new NotSupportedException("Unsupported pixel type."),
+            };
+        }
+
         private void LoadStockTextures()
         {
             var white = new Image<Rgba32>(1, 1);
@@ -350,10 +508,20 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Graphics.Clyde
             public bool IsSrgb;
             public string? Name;
             public long MemoryPressure;
+            public TexturePixelType TexturePixelType;
+
             public Vector2i Size => (Width, Height);
             // public WeakReference<ClydeTexture> TextureInstance;
         }
 
+        private enum TexturePixelType : byte
+        {
+            RenderTarget = 0,
+            Rgba32,
+            A8,
+            L8,
+        }
+
         private void FlushTextureDispose()
         {
             while (_textureDisposeQueue.TryDequeue(out var handle))
@@ -369,6 +537,11 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Graphics.Clyde
 
             internal ClydeHandle TextureId { get; }
 
+            public override void SetSubImage<T>(Vector2i topLeft, Image<T> sourceImage, in UIBox2i sourceRegion)
+            {
+                _clyde.SetSubImage(this, topLeft, sourceImage, sourceRegion);
+            }
+
             protected override void Dispose(bool disposing)
             {
                 if (disposing)

Robust.Client/Graphics/Clyde/ClydeHeadless.cs

@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Graphics.Clyde
         public string GetKeyName(Keyboard.Key key) => string.Empty;
         public string GetKeyNameScanCode(int scanCode) => string.Empty;
         public int GetKeyScanCode(Keyboard.Key key) => default;
+
         public void Shutdown()
         {
             // Nada.
@@ -77,8 +78,8 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Graphics.Clyde
 
         public override event Action<WindowResizedEventArgs> OnWindowResized
         {
-            add {}
-            remove {}
+            add { }
+            remove { }
         }
 
         public void Render()
@@ -111,6 +112,15 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Graphics.Clyde
             return new DummyTexture((image.Width, image.Height));
         }
 
+        public OwnedTexture CreateBlankTexture<T>(
+            Vector2i size,
+            string? name = null,
+            in TextureLoadParameters? loadParams = null)
+            where T : unmanaged, IPixel<T>
+        {
+            return new DummyTexture(size);
+        }
+
         public IRenderTexture CreateRenderTarget(Vector2i size, RenderTargetFormatParameters format,
             TextureSampleParameters? sampleParameters = null, string? name = null)
         {
@@ -174,7 +184,7 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Graphics.Clyde
             return DummyAudioSource.Instance;
         }
 
-        public IClydeBufferedAudioSource CreateBufferedAudioSource(int buffers, bool floatAudio=false)
+        public IClydeBufferedAudioSource CreateBufferedAudioSource(int buffers, bool floatAudio = false)
         {
             return DummyBufferedAudioSource.Instance;
         }
@@ -296,6 +306,11 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Graphics.Clyde
             public DummyTexture(Vector2i size) : base(size)
             {
             }
+
+            public override void SetSubImage<T>(Vector2i topLeft, Image<T> sourceImage, in UIBox2i sourceRegion)
+            {
+                // Just do nothing on mutate.
+            }
         }
 
         private sealed class DummyShaderInstance : ShaderInstance
@@ -434,7 +449,8 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Graphics.Clyde
             {
             }
 
-            public IRenderTexture RenderTarget { get; } = new DummyRenderTexture(Vector2i.One, new DummyTexture(Vector2i.One));
+            public IRenderTexture RenderTarget { get; } =
+                new DummyRenderTexture(Vector2i.One, new DummyTexture(Vector2i.One));
 
             public IEye? Eye { get; set; }
             public Vector2i Size { get; }

Robust.Client/Graphics/FontManager.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.IO;
+using System.Text;
 using JetBrains.Annotations;
 using Robust.Client.Interfaces.Graphics;
 using Robust.Client.Utility;
@@ -17,7 +18,11 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Graphics
 {
     internal sealed class FontManager : IFontManagerInternal
     {
+        private const int SheetWidth = 256;
+        private const int SheetHeight = 256;
+
         [Dependency] private readonly IConfigurationManager _configuration = default!;
+        [Dependency] private readonly IClyde _clyde = default!;
 
         private uint BaseFontDPI;
 
@@ -51,8 +56,7 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Graphics
                 return instance;
             }
 
-            var glyphMap = _generateGlyphMap(fontFaceHandle.Face);
-            instance = new FontInstanceHandle(this, size, glyphMap, fontFaceHandle);
+            instance = new FontInstanceHandle(this, size, fontFaceHandle);
 
             _loadedInstances.Add((fontFaceHandle, size), instance);
             return instance;
@@ -67,135 +71,128 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Graphics
             var descent = -ftFace.Size.Metrics.Descender.ToInt32();
             var lineHeight = ftFace.Size.Metrics.Height.ToInt32();
 
-            var (atlas, metricsMap) = _generateAtlas(instance, scale);
+            var data = new ScaledFontData(ascent, descent, ascent + descent, lineHeight);
 
-            return new ScaledFontData(metricsMap, ascent, descent, ascent + descent, lineHeight, atlas);
+
+            return data;
         }
 
-        private (FontTextureAtlas, Dictionary<uint, CharMetrics> metricsMap)
-            _generateAtlas(FontInstanceHandle instance, float scale)
+        private void CacheGlyph(FontInstanceHandle instance, ScaledFontData scaled, float scale, uint glyph)
         {
-            // TODO: This could use a better box packing algorithm.
-            // Right now we treat each glyph bitmap as having the max size among all glyphs.
-            // So we can divide the atlas into equal-size rectangles.
-            // This wastes a lot of space though because there's a lot of tiny glyphs.
+            // Check if already cached.
+            if (scaled.AtlasData.ContainsKey(glyph))
+                return;
 
             var face = instance.FaceHandle.Face;
+            face.SetCharSize(0, instance.Size, 0, (uint) (BaseFontDPI * scale));
+            face.LoadGlyph(glyph, LoadFlags.Default, LoadTarget.Normal);
+            face.Glyph.RenderGlyph(RenderMode.Normal);
 
-            var maxGlyphSize = Vector2i.Zero;
-            var count = 0;
+            var glyphMetrics = face.Glyph.Metrics;
+            var metrics = new CharMetrics(glyphMetrics.HorizontalBearingX.ToInt32(),
+                glyphMetrics.HorizontalBearingY.ToInt32(),
+                glyphMetrics.HorizontalAdvance.ToInt32(),
+                glyphMetrics.Width.ToInt32(),
+                glyphMetrics.Height.ToInt32());
 
-            var metricsMap = new Dictionary<uint, CharMetrics>();
-
-            foreach (var glyph in instance.GlyphMap.Values)
+            using var bitmap = face.Glyph.Bitmap;
+            if (bitmap.Pitch < 0)
             {
-                if (metricsMap.ContainsKey(glyph))
-                {
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                face.LoadGlyph(glyph, LoadFlags.Default, LoadTarget.Normal);
-                face.Glyph.RenderGlyph(RenderMode.Normal);
-
-                var glyphMetrics = face.Glyph.Metrics;
-                var metrics = new CharMetrics(glyphMetrics.HorizontalBearingX.ToInt32(),
-                    glyphMetrics.HorizontalBearingY.ToInt32(),
-                    glyphMetrics.HorizontalAdvance.ToInt32(),
-                    glyphMetrics.Width.ToInt32(),
-                    glyphMetrics.Height.ToInt32());
-                metricsMap.Add(glyph, metrics);
-
-                maxGlyphSize = Vector2i.ComponentMax(maxGlyphSize,
-                    new Vector2i(face.Glyph.Bitmap.Width, face.Glyph.Bitmap.Rows));
-
-                count += 1;
+                throw new NotImplementedException();
             }
 
-            // Make atlas.
-            // This is the same algorithm used for RSIs. Tries to keep width and height as close as possible,
-            //  but preferring to increase width if necessary.
-            var atlasEntriesHorizontal = (int) Math.Ceiling(Math.Sqrt(count));
-            var atlasEntriesVertical =
-                (int) Math.Ceiling(count / (float) atlasEntriesHorizontal);
-            var atlasDimX =
-                (int) Math.Ceiling(atlasEntriesHorizontal * maxGlyphSize.X / 4f) * 4;
-            var atlasDimY =
-                (int) Math.Ceiling(atlasEntriesVertical * maxGlyphSize.Y / 4f) * 4;
-
-            using (var atlas = new Image<A8>(atlasDimX, atlasDimY))
+            if (bitmap.Pitch != 0)
             {
-                var atlasRegions = new Dictionary<uint, UIBox2>();
-                count = 0;
-                foreach (var glyph in metricsMap.Keys)
+                Image<A8> img;
+                switch (bitmap.PixelMode)
                 {
-                    face.LoadGlyph(glyph, LoadFlags.Default, LoadTarget.Normal);
-                    face.Glyph.RenderGlyph(RenderMode.Normal);
-
-                    var bitmap = face.Glyph.Bitmap;
-                    if (bitmap.Pitch == 0)
+                    case PixelMode.Mono:
                     {
-                        count += 1;
-                        continue;
+                        img = MonoBitMapToImage(bitmap);
+                        break;
                     }
 
-                    if (bitmap.Pitch < 0)
+                    case PixelMode.Gray:
                     {
+                        ReadOnlySpan<A8> span;
+                        unsafe
+                        {
+                            span = new ReadOnlySpan<A8>((void*) bitmap.Buffer, bitmap.Pitch * bitmap.Rows);
+                        }
+
+                        img = new Image<A8>(bitmap.Width, bitmap.Rows);
+
+                        span.Blit(
+                            bitmap.Pitch,
+                            UIBox2i.FromDimensions(0, 0, bitmap.Pitch, bitmap.Rows),
+                            img,
+                            (0, 0));
+
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    case PixelMode.Gray2:
+                    case PixelMode.Gray4:
+                    case PixelMode.Lcd:
+                    case PixelMode.VerticalLcd:
+                    case PixelMode.Bgra:
                         throw new NotImplementedException();
-                    }
-
-                    var column = count % atlasEntriesHorizontal;
-                    var row = count / atlasEntriesVertical;
-                    var offsetX = column * maxGlyphSize.X;
-                    var offsetY = row * maxGlyphSize.Y;
-                    count += 1;
-                    atlasRegions.Add(glyph, UIBox2i.FromDimensions(offsetX, offsetY, bitmap.Width, bitmap.Rows));
-
-                    switch (bitmap.PixelMode)
-                    {
-                        case PixelMode.Mono:
-                        {
-                            using (var bitmapImage = MonoBitMapToImage(bitmap))
-                            {
-                                bitmapImage.Blit(new UIBox2i(0, 0, bitmapImage.Width, bitmapImage.Height), atlas,
-                                    (offsetX, offsetY));
-                            }
-
-                            break;
-                        }
-
-                        case PixelMode.Gray:
-                        {
-                            ReadOnlySpan<A8> span;
-                            unsafe
-                            {
-                                span = new ReadOnlySpan<A8>((void*) bitmap.Buffer, bitmap.Pitch * bitmap.Rows);
-                            }
-
-                            span.Blit(bitmap.Pitch, UIBox2i.FromDimensions(0, 0, bitmap.Pitch, bitmap.Rows), atlas,
-                                (offsetX, offsetY));
-                            break;
-                        }
-
-                        case PixelMode.Gray2:
-                        case PixelMode.Gray4:
-                        case PixelMode.Lcd:
-                        case PixelMode.VerticalLcd:
-                        case PixelMode.Bgra:
-                            throw new NotImplementedException();
-                        default:
-                            throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException();
-                    }
+                    default:
+                        throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException();
                 }
 
-                var atlasDictionary = new Dictionary<uint, AtlasTexture>();
-                var texture = Texture.LoadFromImage(atlas, $"font-{face.FamilyName}-{instance.Size}-{(uint) (BaseFontDPI * scale)}");
+                OwnedTexture sheet;
+                if (scaled.AtlasTextures.Count == 0)
+                    sheet = GenSheet();
+                else
+                    sheet = scaled.AtlasTextures[^1];
 
-                foreach (var (glyph, region) in atlasRegions)
+                var (sheetW, sheetH) = sheet.Size;
+
+                if (sheetW - scaled.CurSheetX < img.Width)
                 {
-                    atlasDictionary.Add(glyph, new AtlasTexture(texture, region));
+                    scaled.CurSheetX = 0;
+                    scaled.CurSheetY = scaled.CurSheetMaxY;
                 }
 
-                return (new FontTextureAtlas(texture, atlasDictionary), metricsMap);
+                if (sheetH - scaled.CurSheetY < img.Height)
+                {
+                    // Make new sheet.
+                    scaled.CurSheetY = 0;
+                    scaled.CurSheetX = 0;
+                    scaled.CurSheetMaxY = 0;
+
+                    sheet = GenSheet();
+                }
+
+                sheet.SetSubImage((scaled.CurSheetX, scaled.CurSheetY), img);
+
+                var atlasTexture = new AtlasTexture(
+                    sheet,
+                    UIBox2.FromDimensions(
+                        scaled.CurSheetX,
+                        scaled.CurSheetY,
+                        bitmap.Width,
+                        bitmap.Rows));
+
+                scaled.AtlasData.Add(glyph, atlasTexture);
+
+                scaled.CurSheetMaxY = Math.Max(scaled.CurSheetMaxY, scaled.CurSheetY + bitmap.Rows);
+                scaled.CurSheetX += bitmap.Width;
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                scaled.AtlasData.Add(glyph, null);
+            }
+
+            scaled.MetricsMap.Add(glyph, metrics);
+
+            OwnedTexture GenSheet()
+            {
+                var sheet = _clyde.CreateBlankTexture<A8>((SheetWidth, SheetHeight),
+                    $"font-{face.FamilyName}-{instance.Size}-{(uint) (BaseFontDPI * scale)}-sheet{scaled.AtlasTextures.Count}");
+                scaled.AtlasTextures.Add(sheet);
+                return sheet;
             }
         }
 
@@ -226,46 +223,6 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Graphics
             return bitmapImage;
         }
 
-        private Dictionary<char, uint> _generateGlyphMap(Face face)
-        {
-            var map = new Dictionary<char, uint>();
-
-            // TODO: Render more than extended ASCII, Cyrillic and Greek. somehow.
-            // Does it make sense to just render every glyph in the font?
-
-            // Render all the extended ASCII characters.
-            // Yeah I know "extended ASCII" isn't a real thing get off my back.
-            for (var i = 32u; i <= 255; i++)
-            {
-                _addGlyph(i, face, map);
-            }
-
-            // Render basic cyrillic.
-            for (var i = 0x0410u; i <= 0x044F; i++)
-            {
-                _addGlyph(i, face, map);
-            }
-
-            // Render greek.
-            for (var i = 0x03B1u; i <= 0x03C9; i++)
-            {
-                _addGlyph(i, face, map);
-            }
-
-            return map;
-        }
-
-        private static void _addGlyph(uint codePoint, Face face, Dictionary<char, uint> map)
-        {
-            var glyphIndex = face.GetCharIndex(codePoint);
-            if (glyphIndex == 0)
-            {
-                return;
-            }
-
-            map.Add((char) codePoint, glyphIndex);
-        }
-
         private class FontFaceHandle : IFontFaceHandle
         {
             public Face Face { get; }
@@ -282,78 +239,84 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Graphics
             public FontFaceHandle FaceHandle { get; }
             public int Size { get; }
             private readonly Dictionary<float, ScaledFontData> _scaledData = new();
-            public readonly IReadOnlyDictionary<char, uint> GlyphMap;
             private readonly FontManager _fontManager;
+            public readonly Dictionary<Rune, uint> GlyphMap;
 
-            public FontInstanceHandle(FontManager fontManager, int size, IReadOnlyDictionary<char, uint> glyphMap,
-                FontFaceHandle faceHandle)
+            public FontInstanceHandle(FontManager fontManager, int size, FontFaceHandle faceHandle)
             {
+                GlyphMap = new Dictionary<Rune, uint>();
                 _fontManager = fontManager;
                 Size = size;
-                GlyphMap = glyphMap;
                 FaceHandle = faceHandle;
             }
 
-            public Texture? GetCharTexture(char chr, float scale)
+            public Texture? GetCharTexture(Rune codePoint, float scale)
             {
-                var glyph = _getGlyph(chr);
+                var glyph = GetGlyph(codePoint);
                 if (glyph == 0)
-                {
                     return null;
-                }
 
-                var scaled = _getScaleDatum(scale);
-                scaled.Atlas.AtlasData.TryGetValue(glyph, out var texture);
+                var scaled = GetScaleDatum(scale);
+                _fontManager.CacheGlyph(this, scaled, scale, glyph);
+
+                scaled.AtlasData.TryGetValue(glyph, out var texture);
                 return texture;
             }
 
-            public CharMetrics? GetCharMetrics(char chr, float scale)
+            public CharMetrics? GetCharMetrics(Rune codePoint, float scale)
             {
-                var glyph = _getGlyph(chr);
+                var glyph = GetGlyph(codePoint);
                 if (glyph == 0)
                 {
                     return null;
                 }
 
-                var scaled = _getScaleDatum(scale);
+                var scaled = GetScaleDatum(scale);
+                _fontManager.CacheGlyph(this, scaled, scale, glyph);
+
                 return scaled.MetricsMap[glyph];
             }
 
             public int GetAscent(float scale)
             {
-                var scaled = _getScaleDatum(scale);
+                var scaled = GetScaleDatum(scale);
                 return scaled.Ascent;
             }
 
             public int GetDescent(float scale)
             {
-                var scaled = _getScaleDatum(scale);
+                var scaled = GetScaleDatum(scale);
                 return scaled.Descent;
             }
 
             public int GetHeight(float scale)
             {
-                var scaled = _getScaleDatum(scale);
+                var scaled = GetScaleDatum(scale);
                 return scaled.Height;
             }
 
             public int GetLineHeight(float scale)
             {
-                var scaled = _getScaleDatum(scale);
+                var scaled = GetScaleDatum(scale);
                 return scaled.LineHeight;
             }
 
-            private uint _getGlyph(char chr)
+            private uint GetGlyph(Rune chr)
             {
                 if (GlyphMap.TryGetValue(chr, out var glyph))
                 {
                     return glyph;
                 }
 
-                return 0;
+                // Check FreeType to see if it exists.
+                var index = FaceHandle.Face.GetCharIndex((uint) chr.Value);
+
+                GlyphMap.Add(chr, index);
+
+                return index;
             }
 
-            private ScaledFontData _getScaleDatum(float scale)
+            private ScaledFontData GetScaleDatum(float scale)
             {
                 if (_scaledData.TryGetValue(scale, out var datum))
                 {
@@ -368,37 +331,25 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Graphics
 
         private class ScaledFontData
         {
-            public ScaledFontData(IReadOnlyDictionary<uint, CharMetrics> metricsMap, int ascent, int descent,
-                int height, int lineHeight, FontTextureAtlas atlas)
+            public ScaledFontData(int ascent, int descent, int height, int lineHeight)
             {
-                MetricsMap = metricsMap;
                 Ascent = ascent;
                 Descent = descent;
                 Height = height;
                 LineHeight = lineHeight;
-                Atlas = atlas;
             }
 
-            public IReadOnlyDictionary<uint, CharMetrics> MetricsMap { get; }
-            public int Ascent { get; }
-            public int Descent { get; }
-            public int Height { get; }
-            public int LineHeight { get; }
-            public FontTextureAtlas Atlas { get; }
-        }
+            public readonly List<OwnedTexture> AtlasTextures = new();
+            public readonly Dictionary<uint, AtlasTexture?> AtlasData = new();
+            public readonly Dictionary<uint, CharMetrics> MetricsMap = new();
+            public readonly int Ascent;
+            public readonly int Descent;
+            public readonly int Height;
+            public readonly int LineHeight;
 
-        private class FontTextureAtlas
-        {
-            public FontTextureAtlas(Texture mainTexture, Dictionary<uint, AtlasTexture> atlasData)
-            {
-                MainTexture = mainTexture;
-                AtlasData = atlasData;
-            }
-
-            public Texture MainTexture { get; }
-
-            // Maps glyph index to atlas.
-            public Dictionary<uint, AtlasTexture> AtlasData { get; }
+            public int CurSheetX;
+            public int CurSheetY;
+            public int CurSheetMaxY;
         }
     }
 }

Robust.Client/Graphics/OwnedTexture.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 using System;
 using Robust.Shared.Maths;
+using SixLabors.ImageSharp;
+using SixLabors.ImageSharp.PixelFormats;
 
 namespace Robust.Client.Graphics
 {
@@ -12,21 +14,42 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Graphics
         {
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        ///     Modifies a sub area of the texture with new data.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="topLeft">The top left corner of the area to modify.</param>
+        /// <param name="sourceImage">The image from which to copy pixel data.</param>
+        /// <param name="sourceRegion">The rectangle inside <paramref name="sourceImage"/> from which to copy.</param>
+        /// <typeparam name="T">
+        /// The type of pixels being used.
+        /// This must match the type used when creating the texture.
+        /// </typeparam>
+        public abstract void SetSubImage<T>(Vector2i topLeft, Image<T> sourceImage, in UIBox2i sourceRegion)
+            where T : unmanaged, IPixel<T>;
+
+        /// <summary>
+        ///     Modifies a sub area of the texture with new data.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="topLeft">The top left corner of the area to modify.</param>
+        /// <param name="sourceImage">The image to paste onto the texture.</param>
+        /// <typeparam name="T">
+        /// The type of pixels being used.
+        /// This must match the type used when creating the texture.
+        /// </typeparam>
+        public void SetSubImage<T>(Vector2i topLeft, Image<T> sourceImage)
+            where T : unmanaged, IPixel<T>
+        {
+            SetSubImage(topLeft, sourceImage, UIBox2i.FromDimensions(0, 0, sourceImage.Width, sourceImage.Height));
+        }
+
         public void Dispose()
         {
             Dispose(true);
             GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
         }
 
-        [Obsolete("Use Dispose() instead")]
-        public void Delete()
-        {
-            Dispose();
-        }
-
         protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
         {
-
         }
 
         ~OwnedTexture()

Robust.Client/Graphics/RSI/RSISchema.json

@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
                     }
                 }
             },
-            "required": ["name","directions"] //'delays' is marked as optional in the spec
+            "required": ["name"] //'delays' is marked as optional in the spec
         }
     },
     "properties": {

Robust.Client/Input/InputManager.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-using System;
+using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
@@ -134,7 +134,8 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Input
                     Priority = p.Priority,
                     Type = p.BindingType,
                     CanFocus = p.CanFocus,
-                    CanRepeat = p.CanRepeat
+                    CanRepeat = p.CanRepeat,
+                    AllowSubCombs = p.AllowSubCombs
                 }).ToArray();
 
             var leaveEmpty = _modifiedKeyFunctions
@@ -203,6 +204,7 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Input
 
             var bindsDown = new List<KeyBinding>();
             var hasCanFocus = false;
+            var hasAllowSubCombs = false;
 
             // bindings are ordered with larger combos before single key bindings so combos have priority.
             foreach (var binding in _bindings)
@@ -221,12 +223,22 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Input
                         matchedCombo = binding.PackedKeyCombo;
 
                         bindsDown.Add(binding);
+
                         hasCanFocus |= binding.CanFocus;
+                        hasAllowSubCombs |= binding.AllowSubCombs;
+
                     }
                     else if (PackedIsSubPattern(matchedCombo, binding.PackedKeyCombo))
                     {
-                        // kill any lower level matches
-                        UpBind(binding);
+                        if (hasAllowSubCombs)
+                        {
+                            bindsDown.Add(binding);
+                        }
+                        else
+                        {
+                            // kill any lower level matches
+                            UpBind(binding);
+                        }
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -378,8 +390,8 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Input
         {
             for (var i = 0; i < 32; i += 8)
             {
-                var key = (Key) (subPackedCombo.Packed >> i);
-                if (!PackedContainsKey(packedCombo, key))
+                var key = (Key) ((subPackedCombo.Packed >> i) & 0b_1111_1111);
+                if (key != Key.Unknown && !PackedContainsKey(packedCombo, key))
                 {
                     return false;
                 }
@@ -453,7 +465,7 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Input
         public IKeyBinding RegisterBinding(BoundKeyFunction function, KeyBindingType bindingType,
             Key baseKey, Key? mod1, Key? mod2, Key? mod3)
         {
-            var binding = new KeyBinding(this, function, bindingType, baseKey, false, false,
+            var binding = new KeyBinding(this, function, bindingType, baseKey, false, false, false,
                 0, mod1 ?? Key.Unknown, mod2 ?? Key.Unknown, mod3 ?? Key.Unknown);
 
             RegisterBinding(binding);
@@ -464,7 +476,7 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Input
         public IKeyBinding RegisterBinding(in KeyBindingRegistration reg, bool markModified = true)
         {
             var binding = new KeyBinding(this, reg.Function, reg.Type, reg.BaseKey, reg.CanFocus, reg.CanRepeat,
-                reg.Priority, reg.Mod1, reg.Mod2, reg.Mod3);
+                reg.AllowSubCombs, reg.Priority, reg.Mod1, reg.Mod2, reg.Mod3);
 
             RegisterBinding(binding, markModified);
 
@@ -619,12 +631,18 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Input
             [ViewVariables]
             public bool CanRepeat { get; internal set; }
 
+            /// <summary>
+            ///     Whether the Bound Key Combination allows Sub Combinations of it to trigger.
+            /// </summary>
+            [ViewVariables]
+            public bool AllowSubCombs { get; internal set; }
+
             [ViewVariables] public int Priority { get; internal set; }
 
             public KeyBinding(InputManager inputManager, BoundKeyFunction function,
                 KeyBindingType bindingType,
                 Key baseKey,
-                bool canFocus, bool canRepeat, int priority, Key mod1 = Key.Unknown,
+                bool canFocus, bool canRepeat, bool allowSubCombs, int priority, Key mod1 = Key.Unknown,
                 Key mod2 = Key.Unknown,
                 Key mod3 = Key.Unknown)
             {
@@ -632,6 +650,7 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Input
                 BindingType = bindingType;
                 CanFocus = canFocus;
                 CanRepeat = canRepeat;
+                AllowSubCombs = allowSubCombs;
                 Priority = priority;
                 _inputManager = inputManager;
 

Robust.Client/Interfaces/Graphics/IClyde.cs

@@ -34,6 +34,29 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Interfaces.Graphics
         Texture LoadTextureFromImage<T>(Image<T> image, string? name = null,
             TextureLoadParameters? loadParams = null) where T : unmanaged, IPixel<T>;
 
+        /// <summary>
+        ///     Creates a blank texture of the specified parameters.
+        ///     This texture can later be modified using <see cref="OwnedTexture.SetSubImage{T}"/>
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="size">The size of the new texture, in pixels.</param>
+        /// <param name="name">A name for the texture that can show up in debugging tools like renderdoc.</param>
+        /// <param name="loadParams">
+        ///     Load parameters for the texture describing stuff such as sample mode.
+        /// </param>
+        /// <typeparam name="T">
+        ///     The type of pixels to "store" in the texture.
+        ///     This is the same type you should pass to <see cref="OwnedTexture.SetSubImage{T}"/>,
+        ///     and also determines how the texture is stored internally.
+        /// </typeparam>
+        /// <returns>
+        ///     An owned, mutable texture object.
+        /// </returns>
+        OwnedTexture CreateBlankTexture<T>(
+            Vector2i size,
+            string? name = null,
+            in TextureLoadParameters? loadParams = null)
+            where T : unmanaged, IPixel<T>;
+
         IRenderTexture CreateRenderTarget(Vector2i size, RenderTargetFormatParameters format,
             TextureSampleParameters? sampleParameters = null, string? name = null);
 

Robust.Client/Interfaces/Graphics/IFontManager.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 using System.IO;
+using System.Text;
 using Robust.Client.Graphics;
 
 namespace Robust.Client.Interfaces.Graphics
@@ -22,8 +23,13 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Interfaces.Graphics
 
     internal interface IFontInstanceHandle
     {
-        Texture? GetCharTexture(char chr, float scale);
-        CharMetrics? GetCharMetrics(char chr, float scale);
+
+
+        Texture? GetCharTexture(Rune codePoint, float scale);
+        Texture? GetCharTexture(char chr, float scale) => GetCharTexture((Rune) chr, scale);
+        CharMetrics? GetCharMetrics(Rune codePoint, float scale);
+        CharMetrics? GetCharMetrics(char chr, float scale) => GetCharMetrics((Rune) chr, scale);
+
         int GetAscent(float scale);
         int GetDescent(float scale);
         int GetHeight(float scale);

Robust.Client/Interfaces/Input/IKeyBinding.cs

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Interfaces.Input
 
         bool CanFocus { get; }
         bool CanRepeat { get; }
+        bool AllowSubCombs { get; }
         int Priority { get; }
 
         /// <summary>

Robust.Client/Interfaces/Input/KeyBindingRegistration.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-using Robust.Client.Input;
+using Robust.Client.Input;
 using Robust.Shared.Input;
 using Robust.Shared.Interfaces.Serialization;
 using Robust.Shared.Serialization;
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Interfaces.Input
         public int Priority;
         public bool CanFocus;
         public bool CanRepeat;
+        public bool AllowSubCombs;
 
         public void ExposeData(ObjectSerializer serializer)
         {
@@ -28,6 +29,7 @@ namespace Robust.Client.Interfaces.Input
             serializer.DataField(ref Priority, "priority", 0);
             serializer.DataField(ref CanFocus, "canFocus", false);
             serializer.DataField(ref CanRepeat, "canRepeat", false);
+            serializer.DataField(ref AllowSubCombs, "allowSubCombs", false);
         }
     }
 }

Robust.Client/ResourceManagement/ResourceTypes/FontResource.cs

@@ -13,12 +13,15 @@ namespace Robust.Client.ResourceManagement
 
         public override void Load(IResourceCache cache, ResourcePath path)
         {
-            if (!cache.ContentFileExists(path))
+            if (!cache.TryContentFileRead(path, out var stream))
             {
                 throw new FileNotFoundException("Content file does not exist for font");
             }
 
-            FontFaceHandle = IoCManager.Resolve<IFontManagerInternal>().Load(cache.ContentFileRead(path));
+            using (stream)
+            {
+                FontFaceHandle = IoCManager.Resolve<IFontManagerInternal>().Load(stream);
+            }
         }
 
         public VectorFont MakeDefault()

Robust.Client/ResourceManagement/ResourceTypes/RSIResource.cs

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@ using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Reflection;
-
 using Robust.Client.Graphics;
 using Robust.Client.Interfaces.ResourceManagement;
 using Robust.Client.Utility;
@@ -83,7 +82,12 @@ namespace Robust.Client.ResourceManagement
             {
                 // Load image from disk.
                 var texPath = path / (stateObject.StateId + ".png");
-                var image = Image.Load<Rgba32>(cache.ContentFileRead(texPath));
+                var stream = cache.ContentFileRead(texPath);
+                Image<Rgba32> image;
+                using (stream)
+                {
+                    image = Image.Load<Rgba32>(stream);
+                }
                 var sheetSize = new Vector2i(image.Width, image.Height);
 
                 if (sheetSize.X % frameSize.X != 0 || sheetSize.Y % frameSize.Y != 0)
@@ -341,15 +345,25 @@ namespace Robust.Client.ResourceManagement
             foreach (var stateObject in manifestJson["states"]!.Cast<JObject>())
             {
                 var stateName = stateObject["name"]!.ToObject<string>()!;
-                var dirValue = stateObject["directions"]!.ToObject<int>();
+                RSI.State.DirectionType directions;
+                int dirValue;
 
-                var directions = dirValue switch
+                if (stateObject.TryGetValue("directions", out var dirJToken))
                 {
-                    1 => RSI.State.DirectionType.Dir1,
-                    4 => RSI.State.DirectionType.Dir4,
-                    8 => RSI.State.DirectionType.Dir8,
-                    _ => throw new RSILoadException($"Invalid direction: {dirValue}")
-                };
+                    dirValue= dirJToken.ToObject<int>();
+                    directions = dirValue switch
+                    {
+                        1 => RSI.State.DirectionType.Dir1,
+                        4 => RSI.State.DirectionType.Dir4,
+                        8 => RSI.State.DirectionType.Dir8,
+                        _ => throw new RSILoadException($"Invalid direction: {dirValue} expected 1, 4 or 8")
+                    };
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    dirValue = 1;
+                    directions = RSI.State.DirectionType.Dir1;
+                }
 
                 // We can ignore selectors and flags for now,
                 // because they're not used yet!

Robust.Client/ResourceManagement/ResourceTypes/TextureResource.cs

@@ -26,20 +26,23 @@ namespace Robust.Client.ResourceManagement
                 throw new FileNotFoundException("Content file does not exist for texture");
             }
 
-            // Primarily for tracking down iCCP sRGB errors in the image files.
-            Logger.DebugS("res.tex", $"Loading texture {path}.");
-
-            var loadParameters = _tryLoadTextureParameters(cache, path) ?? TextureLoadParameters.Default;
-
-            var manager = IoCManager.Resolve<IClyde>();
-
-            using var image = Image.Load<Rgba32>(stream);
-
-            Texture = manager.LoadTextureFromImage(image, path.ToString(), loadParameters);
-
-            if (cache is IResourceCacheInternal cacheInternal)
+            using (stream)
             {
-                cacheInternal.TextureLoaded(new TextureLoadedEventArgs(path, image, this));
+                // Primarily for tracking down iCCP sRGB errors in the image files.
+                Logger.DebugS("res.tex", $"Loading texture {path}.");
+
+                var loadParameters = _tryLoadTextureParameters(cache, path) ?? TextureLoadParameters.Default;
+
+                var manager = IoCManager.Resolve<IClyde>();
+
+                using var image = Image.Load<Rgba32>(stream);
+
+                Texture = manager.LoadTextureFromImage(image, path.ToString(), loadParameters);
+
+                if (cache is IResourceCacheInternal cacheInternal)
+                {
+                    cacheInternal.TextureLoaded(new TextureLoadedEventArgs(path, image, this));
+                }
             }
         }
 
@@ -48,21 +51,25 @@ namespace Robust.Client.ResourceManagement
             var metaPath = path.WithName(path.Filename + ".yml");
             if (cache.TryContentFileRead(metaPath, out var stream))
             {
-                YamlDocument yamlData;
-                using (var reader = new StreamReader(stream, EncodingHelpers.UTF8))
+                using (stream)
                 {
-                    var yamlStream = new YamlStream();
-                    yamlStream.Load(reader);
-                    if (yamlStream.Documents.Count == 0)
+                    YamlDocument yamlData;
+                    using (var reader = new StreamReader(stream, EncodingHelpers.UTF8))
                     {
-                        return null;
+                        var yamlStream = new YamlStream();
+                        yamlStream.Load(reader);
+                        if (yamlStream.Documents.Count == 0)
+                        {
+                            return null;
+                        }
+
+                        yamlData = yamlStream.Documents[0];
                     }
 
-                    yamlData = yamlStream.Documents[0];
+                    return TextureLoadParameters.FromYaml((YamlMappingNode) yamlData.RootNode);
                 }
-
-                return TextureLoadParameters.FromYaml((YamlMappingNode)yamlData.RootNode);
             }
+
             return null;
         }
 

Robust.Client/UserInterface/Control.cs

@@ -521,7 +521,7 @@ namespace Robust.Client.UserInterface
         {
             DebugTools.Assert(!Disposed, "Control has been disposed.");
 
-            foreach (var child in Children.ToList())
+            foreach (var child in Children.ToArray())
             {
                 RemoveChild(child);
             }

Robust.Client/UserInterface/Controls/ItemList.cs

@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@ namespace Robust.Client.UserInterface.Controls
                 if (item.Region == null)
                     continue;
 
-                if (!item.Region.Value.Contains(args.RelativePosition))
+                if (!item.Region.Value.Contains(args.RelativePixelPosition))
                     continue;
 
                 if (item.Selectable && !item.Disabled)

Robust.Client/UserInterface/CustomControls/DebugInputPanel.cs

@@ -31,6 +31,11 @@ namespace Robust.Client.UserInterface.CustomControls
         {
             base.FrameUpdate(args);
 
+            if (!VisibleInTree)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
             _label.Text = string.Join("\n", _inputManager.DownKeyFunctions);
         }
     }

Robust.Client/UserInterface/CustomControls/DebugNetPanel.cs

@@ -64,6 +64,11 @@ namespace Robust.Client.UserInterface.CustomControls
                 return;
             }
 
+            if (!VisibleInTree)
+            {
+                return;
+            }
+
             if (!NetManager.IsConnected)
             {
                 contents.Text = "Not connected to server.";

Robust.Client/UserInterface/RichTextEntry.cs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ using JetBrains.Annotations;
 using Robust.Client.Graphics;
 using Robust.Client.Graphics.Drawing;
 using Robust.Client.UserInterface.Controls;
+using Robust.Shared.Log;
 using Robust.Shared.Maths;
 using Robust.Shared.Utility;
 
@@ -172,8 +173,29 @@ namespace Robust.Client.UserInterface
             // This needs to happen because word wrapping doesn't get checked for the last word.
             if (posX > maxSizeX)
             {
-                DebugTools.Assert(wordStartBreakIndex.HasValue,
-                    "wordStartBreakIndex can only be null if the word begins at a new line, in which case this branch shouldn't be reached as the word would be split due to being longer than a single line.");
+                if (!wordStartBreakIndex.HasValue)
+                {
+                    Logger.Error(
+                        "Assert fail inside RichTextEntry.Update, " +
+                        "wordStartBreakIndex is null on method end w/ word wrap required. " +
+                        "Dumping relevant stuff. Send this to PJB.");
+                    Logger.Error($"Message: {Message}");
+                    Logger.Error($"maxSizeX: {maxSizeX}");
+                    Logger.Error($"maxUsedWidth: {maxUsedWidth}");
+                    Logger.Error($"breakIndexCounter: {breakIndexCounter}");
+                    Logger.Error("wordStartBreakIndex: null (duh)");
+                    Logger.Error($"wordSizePixels: {wordSizePixels}");
+                    Logger.Error($"posX: {posX}");
+                    Logger.Error($"lastChar: {lastChar}");
+                    Logger.Error($"forceSplitData: {forceSplitData}");
+                    Logger.Error($"LineBreaks: {string.Join(", ", LineBreaks)}");
+
+                    throw new Exception(
+                        "wordStartBreakIndex can only be null if the word begins at a new line," +
+                        "in which case this branch shouldn't be reached as" +
+                        "the word would be split due to being longer than a single line.");
+                }
+
                 LineBreaks.Add(wordStartBreakIndex!.Value.index);
                 Height += font.GetLineHeight(uiScale);
                 maxUsedWidth = Math.Max(maxUsedWidth, wordStartBreakIndex.Value.lineSize);

Robust.Client/Utility/UserDataDir.cs

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ using JetBrains.Annotations;
 
 namespace Robust.Client.Utility
 {
-    public static class UserDataDir
+    internal static class UserDataDir
     {
         [Pure]
         public static string GetUserDataDir()

Robust.Server/Console/Commands/AddCompCommand.cs

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ namespace Robust.Server.Console.Commands
         }
     }
 
+    [UsedImplicitly]
     internal sealed class RemoveCompCommand : IClientCommand
     {
         public string Command => "rmcomp";

Robust.Server/GameObjects/Components/Appearance/AppearanceComponent.cs

@@ -40,17 +40,17 @@ namespace Robust.Server.GameObjects
             return (T)data[key];
         }
 
-        public override bool TryGetData<T>(Enum key, [MaybeNullWhen(false)] out T data)
+        public override bool TryGetData<T>(Enum key, [NotNullWhen(true)] out T data)
         {
             return TryGetData(key, out data);
         }
 
-        public override bool TryGetData<T>(string key, [MaybeNullWhen(false)] out T data)
+        public override bool TryGetData<T>(string key, [NotNullWhen(true)] out T data)
         {
             return TryGetData(key, out data);
         }
 
-        bool TryGetData<T>(object key, [MaybeNullWhen(false)] out T data)
+        private bool TryGetData<T>(object key, [NotNullWhen(true)] out T data)
         {
             if (this.data.TryGetValue(key, out var dat))
             {

Robust.Server/ServerStatus/StatusHost.cs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Net;
 using System.Net.Http;
+using System.Net.Mime;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 using Microsoft.Extensions.Primitives;
@@ -234,12 +235,12 @@ namespace Robust.Server.ServerStatus
                 return serializer.Deserialize<T>(jsonReader);
             }
 
-            public void Respond(string text, HttpStatusCode code = HttpStatusCode.OK, string contentType = "text/plain")
+            public void Respond(string text, HttpStatusCode code = HttpStatusCode.OK, string contentType = MediaTypeNames.Text.Plain)
             {
                 Respond(text, (int) code, contentType);
             }
 
-            public void Respond(string text, int code = 200, string contentType = "text/plain")
+            public void Respond(string text, int code = 200, string contentType = MediaTypeNames.Text.Plain)
             {
                 _context.Response.StatusCode = code;
                 _context.Response.ContentType = contentType;
@@ -263,6 +264,8 @@ namespace Robust.Server.ServerStatus
             {
                 using var streamWriter = new StreamWriter(_context.Response.OutputStream, EncodingHelpers.UTF8);
 
+                _context.Response.ContentType = MediaTypeNames.Application.Json;
+
                 using var jsonWriter = new JsonTextWriter(streamWriter);
 
                 JsonSerializer.Serialize(jsonWriter, jsonData);

Robust.Shared/Configuration/ConfigurationManager.cs

@@ -306,9 +306,14 @@ namespace Robust.Shared.Configuration
 
         /// <inheritdoc />
         public void SetCVar(string name, object value)
+        {
+            SetCVarInternal(name, value);
+        }
+
+        private void SetCVarInternal(string name, object value, bool allowSecure = false)
         {
             //TODO: Make flags work, required non-derpy net system.
-            if (_configVars.TryGetValue(name, out var cVar) && cVar.Registered && (cVar.Flags & CVar.SECURE) == 0)
+            if (_configVars.TryGetValue(name, out var cVar) && cVar.Registered && (allowSecure || (cVar.Flags & CVar.SECURE) == 0))
             {
                 if (!Equals(cVar.OverrideValueParsed ?? cVar.Value, value))
                 {
@@ -348,6 +353,18 @@ namespace Robust.Shared.Configuration
             throw new InvalidConfigurationException($"Trying to get unregistered variable '{name}'");
         }
 
+        public void SetSecureCVar(string name, object value)
+        {
+            SetCVarInternal(name, value, allowSecure: true);
+        }
+
+
+        public void SetSecureCVar<T>(CVarDef<T> def, T value) where T : notnull
+        {
+            SetSecureCVar(def.Name, value);
+        }
+
+
         public T GetCVar<T>(CVarDef<T> def) where T : notnull
         {
             return GetCVar<T>(def.Name);

Robust.Shared/ContentPack/ModLoader.cs

@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ namespace Robust.Shared.ContentPack
                 var fullPath = mountPath / filePath;
                 Logger.DebugS("res.mod", $"Found module '{fullPath}'");
 
-                var asmFile = _res.ContentFileRead(fullPath);
+                using var asmFile = _res.ContentFileRead(fullPath);
                 var (asmRefs, asmName) = GetAssemblyReferenceData(asmFile);
 
                 if (!files.TryAdd(asmName, (fullPath, asmRefs)))
@@ -118,8 +118,8 @@ namespace Robust.Shared.ContentPack
                     }
                     else
                     {
-                        var assemblyStream = _res.ContentFileRead(path);
-                        var symbolsStream = _res.ContentFileReadOrNull(path.WithExtension("pdb"));
+                        using var assemblyStream = _res.ContentFileRead(path);
+                        using var symbolsStream = _res.ContentFileReadOrNull(path.WithExtension("pdb"));
                         LoadGameAssembly(assemblyStream, symbolsStream, skipVerify: true);
                     }
                 }
@@ -241,16 +241,34 @@ namespace Robust.Shared.ContentPack
 
             if (_res.TryContentFileRead(dllPath, out var gameDll))
             {
-                Logger.DebugS("srv", $"Loading {assemblyName} DLL");
-
-                // see if debug info is present
-                if (_res.TryContentFileRead(new ResourcePath($@"/Assemblies/{assemblyName}.pdb"),
-                    out var gamePdb))
+                using (gameDll)
                 {
+                    Logger.DebugS("srv", $"Loading {assemblyName} DLL");
+
+                    // see if debug info is present
+                    if (_res.TryContentFileRead(new ResourcePath($@"/Assemblies/{assemblyName}.pdb"),
+                        out var gamePdb))
+                    {
+                        using (gamePdb)
+                        {
+                            try
+                            {
+                                // load the assembly into the process, and bootstrap the GameServer entry point.
+                                LoadGameAssembly(gameDll, gamePdb);
+                                return true;
+                            }
+                            catch (Exception e)
+                            {
+                                Logger.ErrorS("srv", $"Exception loading DLL {assemblyName}.dll: {e.ToStringBetter()}");
+                                return false;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+
                     try
                     {
                         // load the assembly into the process, and bootstrap the GameServer entry point.
-                        LoadGameAssembly(gameDll, gamePdb);
+                        LoadGameAssembly(gameDll);
                         return true;
                     }
                     catch (Exception e)
@@ -259,18 +277,6 @@ namespace Robust.Shared.ContentPack
                         return false;
                     }
                 }
-
-                try
-                {
-                    // load the assembly into the process, and bootstrap the GameServer entry point.
-                    LoadGameAssembly(gameDll);
-                    return true;
-                }
-                catch (Exception e)
-                {
-                    Logger.ErrorS("srv", $"Exception loading DLL {assemblyName}.dll: {e.ToStringBetter()}");
-                    return false;
-                }
             }
 
             Logger.WarningS("eng", $"Could not load {assemblyName} DLL: {dllPath} does not exist in the VFS.");

Robust.Shared/ContentPack/ResourceManager.cs

@@ -216,7 +216,13 @@ namespace Robust.Shared.ContentPack
         /// <inheritdoc />
         public bool ContentFileExists(ResourcePath path)
         {
-            return TryContentFileRead(path, out var _);
+            if (TryContentFileRead(path, out var stream))
+            {
+                stream.Dispose();
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            return false;
         }
 
         /// <inheritdoc />

Robust.Shared/ContentPack/Sandbox.yml

@@ -442,6 +442,7 @@ Types:
     IsExternalInit: { All: True }
     IsReadOnlyAttribute: { All: True }
     IteratorStateMachineAttribute: { All: True }
+    PreserveBaseOverridesAttribute: { All: True }
     RuntimeCompatibilityAttribute: { All: True }
     RuntimeHelpers: { All: True }
     TaskAwaiter: { All: True }

Robust.Shared/GameObjects/Components/Appearance/SharedAppearanceComponent.cs

@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ namespace Robust.Shared.GameObjects.Components.Appearance
         public abstract T GetData<T>(string key);
         public abstract T GetData<T>(Enum key);
 
-        public abstract bool TryGetData<T>(string key, [MaybeNullWhen(false)] out T data);
-        public abstract bool TryGetData<T>(Enum key, [MaybeNullWhen(false)] out T data);
+        public abstract bool TryGetData<T>(string key, [NotNullWhen(true)] out T data);
+        public abstract bool TryGetData<T>(Enum key, [NotNullWhen(true)] out T data);
 
         [Serializable, NetSerializable]
         protected class AppearanceComponentState : ComponentState

Robust.Shared/GameObjects/Components/Collidable/PhysicsComponent.Physics.cs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-using System;
+using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis;
 using Robust.Shared.Interfaces.Physics;
@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ namespace Robust.Shared.GameObjects.Components
         /// </summary>
         bool Anchored { get; set; }
 
+        [Obsolete("Use AnchoredChangedMessage instead")]
         event Action? AnchoredChanged;
 
         bool Predict { get; set; }
@@ -344,11 +345,15 @@ namespace Robust.Shared.GameObjects.Components
                     return;
 
                 _anchored = value;
+#pragma warning disable 618
                 AnchoredChanged?.Invoke();
+#pragma warning restore 618
+                SendMessage(new AnchoredChangedMessage(Anchored));
                 Dirty();
             }
         }
 
+        [Obsolete("Use AnchoredChangedMessage instead")]
         public event Action? AnchoredChanged;
 
         [ViewVariables(VVAccess.ReadWrite)]
@@ -518,4 +523,14 @@ namespace Robust.Shared.GameObjects.Components
             return !Anchored && Mass > 0;
         }
     }
+
+    public class AnchoredChangedMessage : ComponentMessage
+    {
+        public readonly bool Anchored;
+
+        public AnchoredChangedMessage(bool anchored)
+        {
+            Anchored = anchored;
+        }
+    }
 }

Robust.Shared/GameObjects/Components/Timers/TimerExtensions.cs

@@ -55,9 +55,6 @@ namespace Robust.Shared.GameObjects.Components.Timers
         /// <param name="cancellationToken"></param>
         public static void SpawnTimer(this IEntity entity, int milliseconds, Action onFired, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
         {
-            if (entity.Deleted)
-                return;
-
             entity
                 .EnsureComponent<TimerComponent>()
                 .Spawn(milliseconds, onFired, cancellationToken);

Robust.Shared/GameObjects/Components/Transform/TransformComponent.cs

@@ -583,7 +583,11 @@ namespace Robust.Shared.GameObjects.Components.Transform
 
         internal void ChangeMapId(MapId newMapId)
         {
+            if (newMapId == MapID)
+                return;
+
             var oldMapId = MapID;
+
             MapID = newMapId;
             MapIdChanged(oldMapId);
             UpdateChildMapIdsRecursive(MapID, Owner.EntityManager.ComponentManager);

Robust.Shared/Interfaces/Configuration/IConfigurationManagerInternal.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Reflection;
+using Robust.Shared.Configuration;
 
 namespace Robust.Shared.Interfaces.Configuration
 {
@@ -9,6 +10,10 @@ namespace Robust.Shared.Interfaces.Configuration
         void LoadCVarsFromAssembly(Assembly assembly);
 
         T GetSecureCVar<T>(string name);
+
+        void SetSecureCVar(string name, object value);
+        void SetSecureCVar<T>(CVarDef<T> def, T value) where T : notnull;
+
         void Initialize(bool isServer);
 
         /// <summary>

Robust.Shared/Network/NetManager.cs

@@ -663,7 +663,6 @@ namespace Robust.Shared.Network
 
             try
             {
-                await Task.Delay(1000);
                 await _serializer.Handshake(channel);
             }
             catch (TaskCanceledException)

Robust.Shared/Reflection/ReflectionManager.cs

@@ -31,6 +31,8 @@ namespace Robust.Shared.Reflection
 
         private readonly Dictionary<string, Type> _looseTypeCache = new();
 
+        private readonly Dictionary<string, Enum> _enumCache = new();
+
         /// <inheritdoc />
         public IEnumerable<Type> GetAllChildren<T>(bool inclusive = false)
         {
@@ -179,8 +181,13 @@ namespace Robust.Shared.Reflection
             }
 
             reference = reference.Substring(5);
+
+            if (_enumCache.TryGetValue(reference, out @enum))
+                return true;
+
             var dotIndex = reference.LastIndexOf('.');
             var typeName = reference.Substring(0, dotIndex);
+
             var value = reference.Substring(dotIndex + 1);
 
             foreach (var assembly in assemblies)
@@ -193,6 +200,7 @@ namespace Robust.Shared.Reflection
                     }
 
                     @enum = (Enum) Enum.Parse(type, value);
+                    _enumCache[reference] = @enum;
                     return true;
                 }
             }

Robust.UnitTesting/RobustUnitTest.cs

@@ -52,15 +52,26 @@ namespace Robust.UnitTesting
             assemblies.Add(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblyByName("Robust.Shared"));
             assemblies.Add(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly());
 
+            var configurationManager = IoCManager.Resolve<IConfigurationManagerInternal>();
+
+            configurationManager.Initialize(Project == UnitTestProject.Server);
+
             foreach (var assembly in assemblies)
             {
-                IoCManager.Resolve<IConfigurationManagerInternal>().LoadCVarsFromAssembly(assembly);
+                configurationManager.LoadCVarsFromAssembly(assembly);
+            }
+
+            var contentAssemblies = GetContentAssemblies();
+
+            foreach (var assembly in contentAssemblies)
+            {
+                configurationManager.LoadCVarsFromAssembly(assembly);
             }
 
             IoCManager.Resolve<IReflectionManager>().LoadAssemblies(assemblies);
 
             var modLoader = IoCManager.Resolve<TestingModLoader>();
-            modLoader.Assemblies = GetContentAssemblies();
+            modLoader.Assemblies = contentAssemblies;
             modLoader.TryLoadModulesFrom(ResourcePath.Root, "");
 
             // Required components for the engine to work

nuget.config

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <configuration>
   <packageSources>
+  	<add key="nuget" value="https://api.nuget.org/v3/index.json" />
     <add key="dotnet-eng" value="https://pkgs.dev.azure.com/dnceng/public/_packaging/dotnet-eng/nuget/v3/index.json" />
   </packageSources>
 </configuration>